Basic social security is the basic living right for nationals especially for the low-income workers in respects of basic pension for retirement, basic medical care, and minimum living security. The equalization of basic public service shows that the government should provide similarly equal basic public product and service in accordance with economic and social; development level and the principle of fairness and justice for the social members. Basic social security is the important component of the basic public service in modern society and is also the basic requirement of the equalization of basic public service which requires the equal right for all social members in basic social security. The paper investigates the major issues of equalization of social security in China and proposes suggestion on establishing and improving basic social; service system, financial system, legal system and multiple participation system in basic social service.