A survey was carried in 125 small towns and 86 villages in 11 provinces and cities such as Chongqing and Sichuan. Its target is to reveal the structure of three-tier medical network in China rural, the situation of health-care institutions at small town and village, government funds, doctors in primary medical care, new rural cooperative medical system, the difficulty and high expenditure when seeing doctor. The problems that quality of partly medical network is relative poor, utilization of some government fund is not high, some small clinic is in rather difficulty, individual aid project goes through the formality are found and corresponding countermove are suggested.