| 论爱因斯坦的历史观 |
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| 引用本文： | 周德海.论爱因斯坦的历史观[J].北京科技大学学报(社会科学版),2019,35(1):107-118. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周德海 |
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| 作者单位： | 合肥市行政学院 科研处, 安徽巢湖 238000 |
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| 摘 要： | 爱因斯坦所说的“一切科学”中，合乎逻辑地包括自然科学和社会科学的各学科，其中也包括历史或历史学。在爱因斯坦看来，历史与科学既有共同之处，也各有自己的特点。根源于所从事的科学理论和科学史研究的切身体会，爱因斯坦把历史区分为“内部的或者直觉的历史”和“外部的或者有文献证明的历史”两种类型。在历史与科学各自具有的客观性问题上，表现出爱因斯坦对历史的思想矛盾，其缺陷在于他没有把自己的科学认识论贯彻到历史之中。如果从爱因斯坦科学认识论的角度来看，历史完全能够达到与科学同样程度的客观性和真理性。但在历史的创造者问题上，爱因斯坦坚持历史是有价值的创造者们创造的观点。
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| 关 键 词： | 爱因斯坦 历史 科学 历史观 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-10-17 |
Einstein's Outlook on Society |
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| Affiliation: | Scientific Research Office, Hefei Administration College, Chaohu 238000, China |
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| Abstract: | While studying and researching scientific theories, Albert Einstein usually acted like a historian or an archaeologist.He deeply understood the scientific theories through examination of the origin and evolution of scientific concepts.He asserted that the whole of science included all the branches of natural science and social science,history and historiography.He believed history and science hadn't only something in common but also had individual characteristics.Based on his personal experiences in studying scientific theories and history, he classified history into two types:internal(or intuitive) and external(proved by historical articles).But he displayed ideological inconsistency on the objectivity of history and science in that he didn't implement his scientific epistemology in studying history.According to Einstein's scientific epistemology,historical research could attain objectivity and truthfulness as much as scientific research could. |
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