| 王阳明“狂者胸次”与“圣人气象”的趋融 |
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| 引用本文： | 周艳菊.王阳明“狂者胸次”与“圣人气象”的趋融[J].宁波大学学报(人文科学版),2022,0(6):19-26. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周艳菊 |
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| 作者单位： | (福建江夏学院 设计与创意学院,福建 福州 350002) |
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| 摘 要： | 《尚书》中的“惟圣罔念作狂，惟狂克念作圣”在后世经学阐释中逐渐开启了“狂”与“圣”之间的分野，宋代以降屡有对“狂”“圣”分野的质疑与重释，明代关于“狂”与“圣”的讨论开始往“心学”之路上走。王阳明在致良知的思想框架中阐释“狂”及“狂者胸次”，“圣”及“圣人气象”。王阳明认为，狂者依良知真是真非而行，在行为上“嘐嘐圣人而行不揜”，有“凤凰翔于千仞气象”。他提出“圣人之道，吾性自足”，将成圣的根据牢牢安置于人的内心，“圣人之学，惟是致此良知而已”，将圣人之道与自己的致良知之学绾合起来，高屋建瓴地提出“圣人气象不在圣人而在我”。在他的思想中“狂”与“圣”渐趋弥合，在他的人格上“狂者胸次”与“圣人气象”也渐趋融合。“狂者胸次”与“圣人气象”趋融的关捩就在于“裁”。以“致良知”裁之，“狂”之资与“圣”之质在阳明的人格上趋于圆融自如。
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| 关 键 词： | 王阳明 狂者胸次 圣人气象 |
Wang Yangmings Integration of the Spirit of the Mad and the Imposing Manner of the SageZHOU Yan-ju |
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| ZHOU Yan-ju.Wang Yangmings Integration of the Spirit of the Mad and the Imposing Manner of the SageZHOU Yan-ju[J].Journal of Ningbo University(Liberal Arts Edition),2022,0(6):19-26. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Yan-ju |
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| Affiliation: | (College of Design and Innovation, Fujian Jiangxia University, Fuzhou 350002, China ) |
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| Abstract: | The Book of Documents contains the idea that “the sage without intention will be come the mad and the mad restraining intention will be come the sage”. The idea marked the division between “madness” and “sainthood” in the interpretation of Confucian classics. There appeared many queries and reinterpretations about the division between the two ideas since Song Dynasty. In Ming Dynasty, the discussion about “madness” and “sainthood” developed into “heart-mind” theory. Wang Yangming expound ed “madness” and “the spirit of the mad”, and “sainthood” and “the imposing manner of the sage” under his ideological framework of innate knowledge. He believed that “the mad” follow ed his innate knowledge and he was such a man whose speech was higher than his action, and who resemble d a phoenix flying on wings. In Wang ’s opinion, everyone has the nature to be “a sage”, and everyone can reach the level of “the sage”, and anyone who wants to be “a sage” must resort to his innate knowledge. In Wang Yangming’s mind , “the mad” and “the sage” become a whole. And he fuse d the Spirit of the mad with the imposing manner of the sage. The key of the integration lies in “judgement”. To judge with innate knowledge. The two features of “madness” and “sainthood” fuse into Wang Yangming’s personality. |
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| Keywords: | Wang Yangming the s pirit of the mad the imposing manner of the sage |
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