| 非法集资投资人地位及投资合同效力的反思与破解 |
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| 引用本文： | 石魏,王玫.非法集资投资人地位及投资合同效力的反思与破解[J].西华大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2021,40(1):52-57. |
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| 作者姓名： | 石魏 王玫 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京市东城区人民法院 北京 100007 |
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| 摘 要： | 当前，我国法律框架对非法集资案件中投资人诉讼地位及投资合同效力还缺乏明确的法律规定，使得不同案件的裁判尺度难以统一，再加上此类案件普遍存在刑民交叉的特点，处置程序缺乏相应规范成为司法实践中面临的严峻问题。针对投资人诉讼地位，可结合法益保护、刑事被害人的正当性及有利司法实践原则，将集资诈骗罪中的投资人界定为被害人，非法吸收公众存款罪中的投资人界定为证人。针对投资合同效力，可结合民法典及刑事立法精神，将集资诈骗罪中的投资合同认定为无效合同；非法吸收公众存款罪中则应结合当事人的主观意图等对投资合同的有效性、是否可撤销等进行具体区分。同时建议设立公告程序及诉讼代表人制度，充分保障非法集资案件中投资人及第三人参与诉讼的合法权益。
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| 关 键 词： | 非法集资 投资人诉讼地位 投资合同效力 公告程序 诉讼代表人制度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-10-28 |
Reflection and Solution to Status of Illegal Fund-raising Investors and Effectiveness of Investment Contracts |
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| SHI Wei,WANG Mei.Reflection and Solution to Status of Illegal Fund-raising Investors and Effectiveness of Investment Contracts[J].Journal of Xihua University:Philosophy & Social Sciences,2021,40(1):52-57. |
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| Authors: | SHI Wei WANG Mei |
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| Affiliation: | Dongcheng District People's Court of Beijing, Beijing, 100007, China |
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| Abstract: | At present, China's legal framework still lacks clear legal provisions on the litigation status of investors and the effectiveness of investment contracts in illegal fund-raising cases, which makes it difficult to unify the judgment standards of different cases. In addition, such cases are generally characterized by the intersection of punishment and people, and the lack of corresponding norms in handling procedures has become a serious problem in judicial practice. In view of the litigation status of investors, it is better to define the investors in the crime of fund-raising fraud as victims and the investors in the crime of illegally absorbing public deposits as witnesses by combining the principles of protection of legal interests, legitimacy of criminal victims and favorable judicial practice. As to the validity of investment contracts, the investment contract in the crime of fund-raising fraud can be regarded as invalid contract in combination with the spirit of the Civil Code and criminal legislation. In the crime of illegally absorbing public deposits, the validity and revocability of investment contracts should be specifically distinguished according to the subjective intentions of the parties. At the same time, it is suggested to set up announcement procedure and litigation representative system to fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of investors and third parties involved in illegal fund-raising cases. |
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