Women and children in the USSR

Selected official data concerning women and children in the USSR are presented. Data are included on percentage of women in the urban and rural population by republic, women in the labor force, female educational status and occupations, marital status, mothers with children, life expectancy, health care, birth rate, infant mortality, child care, and education.     

Women and children in the USSR

Selected official data for 1986 and 1987 concerning women and children in the USSR are presented. The data include number of women by Union republic for selected years, 1939-1987; age distribution; elected and appointed officials; labor force participation; educational status; and occupations.     

东西部经济增长决定因素和扩散与回流的比较研究

 本文基于增长极理论构建了空间计量模型对实施西部大开发以来第一个五年的西部和东部经济增长效益和溢出作用进行比较研究。统计模型估计显示，固定资产的增长是非农业经济增长的主要决定因素，但是西部资产边际产出只及东部的三分之二；FDI的效益远高于国内资本，且西进的FDI比在东部有更高的边际效益；西部与东部最大的差别源于劳动力边际效益的巨大差距；西部和东部经济都有显著的集聚倾向。对增长外溢作用的检验表明西部中心城市对县级经济有回流作用，西部中心城市和县级经济都受到东部中心城市的扩散作用，而东部中心城市增长虽比西部快，但是增速却因西部中心城市的增长而相对减缓。     

我国统计学高等教育与学科建设若干问题研究

统计学是 2 0世纪人类取得突出成就的学科之一 ,可是目前我国统计学专业高等教育和学科建设面对的现实却很严峻 :随着企业纷纷裁减合并统计从业人员 ,撤消专职统计岗位以及政府统计部门机构精简、编制压缩 ,传统的社会经济统计在市场选择中处于尴尬地位 ;高校统计学专业生源锐减 ,毕业生就业困难 ;社会经济统计学专业发展步履维艰 ,令人困惑 ;在国家颁布实施的学科分类体系中 ,统计学的归属问题分歧较大 ,引发许多争论。如国家技术监督局制定的ＧＢ Ｔ1 4745- 96《学科分类与代码》中 ,统计学作为与经济学并列的一级学科 ,归入哲学与人文科…     

Territorial-ethnic differentials in fertility and mortality in the USSR

Geographic and ethnic differences in fertility and mortality in the USSR are analyzed. Trends within individual Union republics are explored according to sex, age, cause of death, and ethnic group.     

On the consistency and the robustness in model selection criteria

Abstract

In the model selection problem, the consistency of the selection criterion has been often discussed. This paper derives a family of criteria based on a robust statistical divergence family by using a generalized Bayesian procedure. The proposed family can achieve both consistency and robustness at the same time since it has good performance with respect to contamination by outliers under appropriate circumstances. We show the selection accuracy of the proposed criterion family compared with the conventional methods through numerical experiments.     

Stochastic Monotonicity and Conditioning in the Limit

Suppose that {( X _n , Y _n )} is a sequence of pairs of cector-valued stochastic variables which converges weakly to ( X , Y ), and that { y _n } converges to y . Sufficient conditions for the conditional distribution of X _n given Y = y are given in terms of stochastic monotonicity. Conditions, which guarantee that also moments of the conditional distributions converge to the moments of the ones of the limit, are also derived.     

Family size and composition in the USSR

Trends in family size and composition in the USSR over the past 30 years are analyzed, based on data from censuses conducted since 1959. Trends are examined according to territory and urban or rural area. Aspects considered include changes in the number of families, family size, incidence of divorce, single-parent families, and ethnic composition.     

Statistics and risk in the nuclear industry

Nuclear power, after a decade of being ignored, is again becoming an option—perhaps the preferred option—for future power generation in Britain. Can it be done safely? As importantly, can existing plant be decommissioned safely? Granville Tunnicliffe Wilson has worked on a series of statistical projects with the nuclear industry, stretching over a period of 30 years. He looks at the part statistics has played in past safety assurance and the questions that are now being asked about its role. He also reveals past cases where operators failed to follow valid statistical indicators of plant failure.     

20世纪统计学的回顾与展望

一、2 0世纪统计学的发展按照统计学科体系的基本原理与应用的不同 ,统计学可分为理论统计学与应用统计学两大类。理论统计学指的是统计学的数学性原理 ,也就是数理统计学 ,具有通用方法论的理学性质。应用统计学指的是基于理论统计学的基本原理 ,应用于各个领域的数据处理方法 ,统计解析方法及统计推测方法。其特征有二 :一是其数理性原理为各研究领域通用 ;二是具有对应于某特定领域的特有的分析方法。比如经济统计学中的指数分析法 ,医药统计学中的生存解析法等。理论统计学的基础理论在 2 0世纪的 2 0— 30年代已经基本完成。其中由英国…     

Mortality and life expectancy of the population in the active ages

The author analyzes recent mortality trends in the USSR. Differences according to sex, Union republic, and urban or rural area are examined. Reasons for increased mortality rates are considered, and primary causes of death are described.     

中国教育获得差距：基于泰尔系数分解的分析

利用教育泰尔系数对中国人口教育获得总差异及各省区差异进行测算.将总差异按省区进行分解,结果显示全国总差异主要来源于各省内部差异.进一步比较省内城镇和农村的教育泰尔系数,指出改善城乡教育不平等状况要着重搞好九年义务教育的推广和普及、农村进城人口子女的教育.     

Too many males in China: the causes and the consequences

We expect that, roughly, as many boys will be born into the world as girls. However, in some places, social pressures combined with modern medicine seriously distort the ratio of the sexes. In China, there are a million excess male births each year. Thérèse Hesketh looks at what this will mean for the generation that lacks women.