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1.
代志明 《西北人口》2010,31(4):54-58
目前正在全国各地进行试点的中国城镇居民基本医疗保险制度存在基金盈余过多问题.过高的基金盈余势必影响城镇居民的参保积极性。本文通过构建武汉市城镇居民基本医疗保险社会统筹基金盈余模型.测算了基金盈余的敏感性,从中找到了造成基金盈余过多的关键因素,并据此提出一些旨在缩小基金盈余的具体措施。  相似文献   

2.
基本医疗保险"系统老龄化"及其对策研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
在人口老龄化背景下,退休年龄不变、退休后不缴费的政策,必然导致基本医疗保险"系统老龄化".文章运用寿险精算与非寿险精算相结合的方法,建立分析模型揭示了这一趋势,研究"系统老龄化"对基本医疗保险基金的影响,并以Z市社会医疗保险中心提供的数据进行测算分析.在此基础上,提出完善制度以降低"系统老龄化"程度,进而降低基金风险、实现基本医疗保险制度持续健康运行的若干政策建议.  相似文献   

3.
社会医疗保险系统老龄化必将增加基金支付风险,从而影响制度的持续健康运行。文章根据基金长期精算平衡的原理,提出社会医疗保险纵向平衡费率这一概念,并运用寿险精算与非寿险精算相结合的方法,建立纵向平衡费率计算模型,再以浙江省杭州市本级的数据进行实证分析,为制定降低社会医疗保险基金风险的政策提供科学依据。  相似文献   

4.
老年人口的医疗需求和医疗保险制度改革   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
文章分析了中国老年人的医疗需求、医疗保险体制改革对老年人的影响,以及人口老龄化对中国医疗保险的影响,提出了旨在提倡离退休人员医疗费用社会统筹,建立合理的医疗保险费用筹措机制,建立医疗费用支出的制约机制,建立医疗保险基金的监管机制,对低收入弱势老年群体的医疗保障问题给予特殊关注的建议。  相似文献   

5.
医疗保险费用支付方式是指医疗保险费用拨付的途径和方法。合理的医疗保险费用支付方式会形成医疗服务供给者、医疗服务需求者及医保基金经营者之间的制约关系,调节被保  相似文献   

6.
中国养老保险制度未来偿付能力的精算预测与评价   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
中国的养老保险制度虽然已基本上建立起来了 ,但由于制度建立之前没有基金的积累 ,以及在转轨过程中自身面临着制度性的矛盾 ,因此中国的养老保险基金未来是否具有充足的偿付能力无疑是政府和公众都极为担心的问题。本文通过建立基金收支预测的精算模型 ,对中国社会养老保险基金未来的偿付能力进行了测算 ,并提出了一些应当重视的政策建议  相似文献   

7.
构建多层次的老年人口医疗保障体系   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文从一般的理论层面和深化医疗保险制度改革、完善养老保险制度的角度,对构建多层次老年人口医疗保障体系的必要性的现实意义进行了论证, 并在此基础上提出了建立多层次老年人口医疗保障体系的设想。文章认为应采取一系列的措施,建立包括基本医疗保险、退休职工大病医疗保险、老年人口社会医疗救助、医疗互助基金、老人医疗专项基金在内的“五位一体”的老年人口医疗保障体系, 以解决城镇老年人口“病有所医”的问题。  相似文献   

8.
本文针对当前我国各种养老保险制度并存、不同养老保险制度其筹资标准和待遇标准差异较大及社会养老保险基金投资运营收益率较低等问题,从养老保险模式、养老保险的筹资渠道和筹资标准及养老保险基金投资监管等方面就建立全国一体化的社会养老保险进行了制度设计。然后根据社会养老保险一体化设计方案建立计量模型就我国社会养老保险的替代率和支出水平进行了测算。通过对社会养老保险设一体化计方案的测算和分析可知,该设计方案符合我国国情。本文试图为我国政府制定全国统一的社会养老保险制度提供理论支撑和实证分析的依据,进而有效地解决我国因"未富先老"及人口老龄化逐步加深而对社会经济发展造成的负面影响。  相似文献   

9.
医疗体制改革与社会医疗保险基金合理利用原则的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
中国医疗体制改革是社会主义经济体制改革的重要部分。中国的公费和劳保医疗制度为保障人民健康 ,做出了巨大的贡献。然而 ,4 0多年的实践证明 ,这种公费医疗体制不适合社会主义市场经济体制改革的趋势 ,所以导致了一系列的问题 ,如 :医疗费用激增 ,医疗服务质量下降 ,医疗机构配置不合理 ,以及医疗资源的浪费等。本文在医疗保险基金的筹资—利用系统中 ,分析了改革试点各种统账方式的利弊。在了解了医疗基金的性质、特征及支付管理内容的基础上 ,探讨了中国医疗保险基金支付方式的原则 ,分析了总额预付制在现阶段实施的可行性 ,为合理利用医疗保险基金的原则提出了较基础的评价  相似文献   

10.
瑞士养老基金投资管理经历了2001~2003年瑞士金融市场持续熊市的严峻考验,时至2003年底,瑞士养老基金资产价值仍低于按最低保证利率测算的养老金资产价值。养老基金投资机构形成了如何在不利投资环境下进行养老金资产负债管理的管理技术和管理方法。瑞士养老基金投资管理经验对发展中国家或转型国家如何实现动态的养老基金管理具有十分重要的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

11.
城镇企业职工基本养老保险基金支付能力预测研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
封铁英  刘芳 《西北人口》2010,31(2):10-17
随着人口老龄化进程的加剧。我国城镇企业职工基本养老保险基金收支出现了巨大缺口并呈现逐步扩大的趋势,导致基金支付能力持续下降。本文应用社会保障精算方法与技术,以社会养老保险现行政策为导向。引入2005年颁布的《国务院关于完善企业职工基本养老保险制度的决定》中新养老金计发办法的经济参数。构建城镇企业职工基本养老保险基金收入与基金支出测算模型,其中以2006年新政策实施年为时间界限。分别构建“老人”、2006年前退休的“中人”(“老中人”)、2006年后退休的“中人”(“新中人”)、“新人”四类群体的基本养老保险基金支出洲算模型。从而推导出城镇企业职工基本养老保险基金支付能力预测精算模型。以期对养老保险基金失衡风险和支竹能力危机进行及时预测。并为社会养老保险政策调整和制度完善提供量化依据。  相似文献   

12.
新农合的财政补助水平与农民需求存在较大缺口,客观上需要政府提高补助水平。但由于农民有限理性的存在,在个人缴费在先且与财政补助同比增长的制度安排下,形成了农民既需要参合补助,又不愿因增加个人缴费以获得补助的悖论,且此情况会因制度供给缺陷而激化。因此,需要对新农合的参合补助路径进行优化。设计灵活的参合缴费模式,调整农民缴费与政府补助的增长幅度,提高农民医疗补偿的比例都是可行的选择。  相似文献   

13.
《Mobilities》2013,8(3):486-509
Abstract

No longer just bodies at rest, the dead are increasingly on the move. Noting that much of the literature on mobility is focused on the living, this paper considers what the mobilities of the corpse, the dead body and more specifically bodily remains add to our understanding of subjects and objects (living or dead) on the move. In this paper, I argue that mobility is a spatial tactic for negotiating dominant British necroregimes and attaining a culturally appropriate funeral and body/remain ‘disposal’. The article begins by exploring the transfer of the state’s responsibilities to the Death Care Industry. I then look at the agency of the governed (non-Abrahamic Indian and Chinese minorities), through a montage of experiences, to show that while mobility is a strategy to challenge the contours of state ‘necropower’, a circuit of guilt and culture of corruption exists and has real effects. The paper seeks to understand the sociocultural changes enacted by the state and in conjunction with the Death Care Industry that have major implications for the transportation of dead bodies and remains in an increasingly mobile world.  相似文献   

14.
包国宪  高选 《西北人口》2010,31(4):124-128,F0003
在调研和梳理国内文献的基础上,对目前甘肃省新农舍筹资出现的问题进行分析,研究结论:制度设计上存在中央、地方政府和农民在筹资过程中博弈关系,导致筹资机制的可操作性低,存在地方财政压力大、农民工游离在新型农村合作医疗制度之外、筹资成本太高和农民对合作医疗制度的公平性缺乏信心等现实性问题。提出筹资标准合理化、筹资模式高效化和以立法形式来保障筹资,提高新农合筹资的能力。  相似文献   

15.
张刚  王钦池 《当代中国人口》2008,25(6):7-11,32-34
2008年12月7—8日,由北京大学数字中国研究院和中国人口与发展研究中心主办、中国标准化研究院人口与健康信息技术研究中心和中国仪器仪表学会医疗仪器分会电子健康专业委员会协办的“数字健康论坛”在北京大学举行。此次论坛是北京大学和国际数字地球学会联合主办的“第五届数字中国发展高层论坛暨信息主管峰会”的分论坛,主题为电子信息与空间技术在人口与健康领域的应用。  相似文献   

16.

Background

Midwifery programs leading to registration as a midwife in Australia have undergone significant change over the last 20 years. During this time accreditation and governance around midwifery education has been reviewed and refined, moving from state to national jurisdiction. A major change has been the mandated inclusion of Continuity of Care Experiences as a clinical practice-based learning component.

Aim

The purpose of this discussion is to present the history of the governance and accreditation of Australian midwifery programs. With a particular focus on the evolution of the Continuity of Care Experience as a now mandated clinical practice based experience.

Methods

Historical and contemporary documents, research and grey literature, are drawn together to provide a historical account of midwifery programs in Australia. This will form the background to the inclusion of the Continuity of Care Experience and discuss research requirements to enhance the model to ensure it is educationally sound.

Discussion

The structure and processes for the Continuity of Care Experience vary between universities and there is currently no standard format across Australia. As such, how it is interpreted and conducted varies amongst students, childbearing women, academics and midwives. The Continuity of Care Experience has always been strongly advocated for; however there is scant evidence available in terms of its educational theory underpinnings.

Conclusion

Research concerned with the intended learning objectives and outcomes for the Continuity of Care Experience will support the learning model and ensure it continues into the future as an educationally sound learning experience for midwifery students.  相似文献   

17.

Background

Being involved in any child protection system is complex and multifaceted and none more so than in non-voluntary Assumption of Care which occurs in New South Wales when, for child protection concerns, the Department of Family and Community Services removes a newborn baby from her/his mother.

Objective

This research studied childbearing women’s and professionals’ experiences of Assumption of Care at birth to increase understanding of individual participants’ stories, how they made sense of meanings and how these experiences framed their lives.

Method

A narrative inquiry framework guided interviews with four groups: childbearing women, midwives, social workers and Family and Community Services case managers. Holistic form was used for reading, interpreting and analysing the narratives.

Findings

This research found unwanted emotional (isolation, shame, guilt, loss, disenfranchised grief) and physical consequences (depression, substance abuse complications) for women experiencing an Assumption of Care at the time of birth. There were also conflicting ethical and moral positions for the professionals involved. The use/abuse of power, concealment of facts and disenfranchised grief were identified as intertwined plots that caused or increased tensions.

Discussion

Both the women and the professionals felt pressure from trying to achieve competing and overlapping roles. The unwanted effects of Assumption of Care are exacerbated by the current child protection and maternity care systems.

Conclusion

To address the tensions raised in this study, we suggest a two-fold change to maternity care for women at risk of an Assumption of Care: a therapeutic justice model of maternity care and continuity of midwifery care with a dedicated midwife. Introducing these changes could increase women’s and children’s safety and wellbeing.  相似文献   

18.
关于北京市宣武区社区居家养老模式初探   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
王海涛  杨贵星  周利生 《西北人口》2007,28(3):47-50,53
2005年以来,北京市宣武区在辖区牛街街道和大栅栏街道试点推行了居家养老工作。在开展居家养老试点工作中,始终从老年人的实际需求出发,坚持“抓好软件、优化硬件、老人受益”的原则,以高龄困难老年人为重点服务对象,面向全体老年人,使广大老年人居家就可以享受到“就近、快捷、优质”的服务。通过“政府扶持,加强领导;依托社区,构建居家养老服务平台;社会参与,全方位推进居家养老服务工作”的运作格局,取得了“投资少、见效快、老人得实惠”的良好效果。本文对宣武区居家养老试点工作进行了全面系统的总结,使之具有较强的理论性和可操作性,对于今后开展居家养老工作具有一定的借鉴作用。  相似文献   

19.
This paper examines the influence of population control ideology on the draft plan for the UN Cairo Conference on Population and Development. It is argued that this draft plan can only be fully understood in the context of the recent history of the population control movement and of the empirical reality of population control in particular countries. The paper focuses on the origins of the ideology of population control in the eugenics movement initially, and more recently in organisations such as International Planned Parenthood Federation. The role of the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), in promoting an incremental approach towards the wider acceptance of population control since the first intergovernmental conference on population in Bucharest in 1974, is outlined. Despite the serious loss of credibility for the UN, through the association of the UNFPA with the Chinese population control programme — the most coercive programme of its type in history — the UN in the draft plan for Cairo continues to promote the ideology of population control. This paper argues for the need to develop a more positive model of development, which acknowledges the complementarity between the lack of development of poorer countries and their potential for significant progress, and the overdevelopment of industrialised regions, whose future growth is increasingly based on intense competition for shrinking markets.This article is based on a paper, presented to the International Geographical Union Congress at Prague, 21–27 August 1994.  相似文献   

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