中国特色的企业管理理论及其关键科学问题北大核心CSCDCSSCI

对中国企业管理实践经验与问题的理论归纳是中国管理学界面临的重要战略任务,目前这方面的研究进展并不理想,研究领域的“跟风”现象普遍,大多数研究只是对西方构念和理论在中国情境下进行了实证检验,而具有中国特色的企业管理理论进展缓慢.本文从制度和历史文化两方面揭示了中国企业面临的情境特征,总结了国内外学者对这些情境特征的理论阐述和研究发现.结合国家自然科学基金委管理科学部“十四五”规划相关领域的前期专家讨论意见,凝练出该领域四个值得深入探索的研究方向,即“中国企业组织演进、管理制度变迁及基础理论”、“市场-政府双重驱动下的企业管理理论”、“不同所有制企业及其产权多元化演化与企业管理理论”和“中国情境和文化要素对企业管理的作用机制”,也同时提出了每个方向的一些关键科学问题示例.     

中国本土管理研究的理论与实践问题:对徐淑英的访谈

如何处理好“管理研究的学术严谨性与实践相关性”问题,是管理学者最大的挑战之一.中国大陆管理学研究应从仅仅追求严谨性转变为既严谨又有着现实或潜在的社会影响.中国管理学者需要真正地进行探索性研究来发展中国管理的新构念和理论,依赖于现有文献的模仿和构建不会带来根本的创新.用中国的文化来理解当代中国的管理实践是构建本土理论的尚佳方法.本土研究既可以促进本地管理知识的发展,又可以通过展示中国的管理,区分与西方管理可能的相似或不同,以提升全球管理知识.没有本土的理论,就不能进行真正的比较研究.     

《管理评论》体例及要求北大核心

《管理评论》是由中国科学院大学主办的致力于管理理论研究与实践探讨的杂志,注重理论的深入研究与分析,注重与管理实践的密切结合.在内容上要求选题新颖、突出前沿问题、重点问题、难点问题、热点问题,兼具理论的科学性与实践的指导性,热忱欢迎广大管理研究和实际工作者不吝赐稿.     

2012'“中国·实践·管理”论坛观点综述

2012年12月8～9日,2012'“中国·实践·管理”论坛在上海交通大学成功举行.基于前两届论坛围绕“直面中国实践的管理研究内涵、路径、评价和倡议”的研讨成果,以“现象·本质·对策”为主题,探讨实践导向的管理研究相关问题.从实践导向管理研究的重要性、研究规范和路径的认知,研究进展与反思角度对参会学者的观点进行综述.     

中国城乡社会保障制度衔接初探

时至今日 ,中国社会保障制度改革的整体倾向仍然是沿袭计划经济时代所形成的城乡迥异且相互隔离的“二元”社会保障制度 ,改革实践和理论研究仍然未能突破城市和乡村社会保障制度改革和建设两个独立的小圈子 ,这是中国社会保障制度改革的一大误区。１ 消除城乡壁垒打破城乡二元社会保障结构、推动城乡社会保障制度的有机衔接是消除中国社会城乡壁垒的突破点。改革前中国工业化的积累主源始终没有转移到轻工业和基础工业上去 ,一直由农业和农村肩负这一重任。有关研究表明 ,从１９５２年到１９９０年 ,中国农业通过税收方式、“剪刀差”方式…     

网络环境下的管理理论研究和实践探索——“管理学在中国”2014年会(第7届)观点综述

“管理学在中国”2014年会(第7届)以“网络环境下的管理新挑战”为主题,从当前中国管理实践的新情境出发,结合网络科技发展引发的组织实践与理论变革,通过管理学者及实践者深度对话,围绕创建“网络环境下的管理理论”,从“管理学在中国”实践探索、“管理学在中国”理论研究、商业组织研究、政府与非营利组织研究等方面展开研讨.     

数字化时代的管理机遇与挑战——第13届“中国·实践·管理”论坛暨首届“问道管理”论坛回顾与展望

第13届“中国·实践·管理”论坛暨首届“问道管理”论坛以“数字化时代的管理机遇与挑战”为主题,深入探讨了数字时代管理实践方面的新现象、管理理论的新进展以及理论与现象如何融合、互相赋能的重大议题。在此次论坛中,与会学者基于数字时代的基本脉络与新情境、新要素,从多角度、多层次诠释新时代背景下的管理问题和对应的研究思路,并围绕数字时代的企业管理、创业创新、组织转型、组织应变和演化等具体议题,结合党的“二十大”精神的指引,深入研讨了管理实践与管理理论的融合、管理范式的变革方向、研究方法论风格的变迁等,以及如何利用多学科工具做契合国家重大需求的管理研究,对未来产生更多立足于本土实践、具有理论原创性、饱含中国智慧的优秀研究成果大有裨益。     

互联网环境下的理论发展与创新——2014“中国·实践·管理”论坛观点综述

2014“中国·实践·管理”论坛以“互联网思维与企业管理创新”为主题,通过主题报告、分论坛以及企业家论坛,深入探讨了新时期下中国企业管理实践中的科学问题及中国本土化理论的创新与发展.论坛再次强调了“直面中国管理实践”的紧迫性,探索了构建中国本土化理论的方式方法,分享了互联网情境下的企业转型和创新问题.通过学术界与企业界的深入交流,推动了实践导向的管理研究.     

《管理评论》体例及要求北大核心CSSCI

《管理评论》是由中国科学院大学主办的致力于管理理论研究与实践探讨的杂志,注重理论的深入研究与分析,注重与管理实践的密切结合。在内容上要求选题新颖、突出前沿问题、重点问题、难点问题、热点问题,兼具理论的科学性与实践的指导性,热忱欢迎广大管理研究和实际工作者不吝赐稿。     

《管理评论》体例及要求

《管理评论》是由中国科学院研究生院主办的致力于管理理论研究与实践探讨的杂志,注重理论的深入研究与分析,注重与管理实践的密切结合。在内容上要求选题新颖、突出前沿问题、重点问题、难点问题、热点问题,兼具理论的科学性与实践的指导性,热忱欢迎广大管理研究和实际工作者不吝赐稿。     

Power,authority and legitimacy

Management, human resources, organization, control, leadership, etc., all seem to be just so many euphemisms for power, and this suggests a discourse of management and organization that calls things by their proper name. This paper on the contrary stresses the need to resolve the concept of ‘power’ itself into more differentiated notions, and proposes that clarification may be derived from distinctions once explicit in the vocabulary of Classical antiquity, but lost in modern European languages. It argues that nothing but confusion in thinking about organizations, management and legitimation can result from the failure to recognize that the phenomena this vocabulary identifies and distinguishes are irreducibly different.     

Criteria for selecting a production control philosophy

Logistic objectives constitute a compromise between having short leadtimes and a low volume of work in progress on the one hand and a high resource loading and due date obligation on the other. Miscellaneous production planning approaches offered today provide different combinations of logistic objectives for satisfying a manufacturing strategy. To combine the strength of the various approaches into a unified system, a new approach based on a dynamic and distributed production planning methodology is proposed. To customize the approach, various analyses and specifications have to be made and for that reason some important characteristics and criteria for analysing production control philosophies will be given.     

The social construction of the meaning of acute stressors: a qualitative study of the personal accounts of police officers using a stress counselling service

The police profession is one in which acute stressors are encountered more frequently than in other occupations. Using the personal accounts of 35 police officers attending an in-house stress counselling clinic, the aim of the present study was to provide a qualitative examination of how the institutional context of policing influenced the ways in which acute stressors signified to individual police officers experiencing felt distress. Using the framework of Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy as an analytical tool, it is argued that beliefs contributing to the experience of felt distress are related to the way in which policing as both an identity and an activity is constructed through the police organizational culture. Not only do these constructions influence the ways in which officers perceive themselves and their environments, but they also operate at the collective level to 'normalize' some emotional responses and to 'pathologize' others which, it is argued, could impact upon the outcomes of interventions such as stress counselling.     

The moderating role of social support in Karasek's job strain model

This paper examines whether social support is a boundary-determining criterion in the job strain model of Karasek (1979). The particular focus is the extent to which different sources of social support, work overload and task control influence job satisfaction, depersonalization and supervisor assessments of work performance. Hypotheses are tested using prospective survey data from 80 clerical staff in a university setting. Results revealed 3-way interactions among levels of support (supervisor, co-worker, non-work), perceived task control and work overload on levels of work performance and employee adjustment (self-report). After controlling for levels of negative affect in all analyses, there was evidence that high levels of supervisor support mitigated against the negative effects of high strain jobs on levels of job satisfaction and reduced reported levels of depersonalization. Moreover, high levels of non-work support and co-worker support also mitigated against the negative effects of high strain jobs on levels of work performance. The results are discussed in terms of the importance of social support networks both at, and beyond, the work context.     

Job insecurity, coping resources and personality dispositions in occupational strain

This paper presents research on the relationships between the work-related stressor of perceived job insecurity and various indicators of occupational strain, taking into account employees' personality dispositions (trait negative and positive affectivity) and coping resources. Respondents were 222 Australian public servants surveyed during organizational restructuring that involved downsizing and threat to job certainty. The research was formulated within an adaptation of Osipow, Doty, and Spokane's (1985) framework of stress-strain-coping that included the possible direct as well as moderating effects of personality dispositions in reporting occupational strain (Parkes, 1990). Findings from hierarchical regression analyses indicate consistent significant independent effects of personality dispositions, coping resources and perceived job insecurity on various indicators of strain. There was also support for the moderating roles of negative affectivity and self-care in the relation between perceived job insecurity and physical strain. Implications for the role of dispositional factors, especially negative affectivity, and the utility of various coping resources in accounting for occupational strain in times of threatened job security are discussed.     

Job stress, job strain, and psychological withdrawal among Dutch university staff: towards a dualprocess model for the effects of occupational stress

This study examined the antecedents of job strain (emotional exhaustion, health complaints) and withdrawal behaviour (e.g. lowered organizational commitment) among a cross-sectional sample of 131 academic staff members of the law department of a large Dutch university. Conservation of resources theory (Hobfoll, 1989) provided the theoretical background for this study. Strains and withdrawal behaviours were expected to be most prominent among those who reported having few resources and/or who reported high job demands. Structural equation modelling revealed that this was indeed the case. As predicted, differential patterns of effects emerged for job demands and job resources. Analysis of the effects of four job-specific stressors revealed that especially the structural aspects of a staff member's teaching task (e.g. the number of students in their classes) contributed strongly to perceived job demands. Theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed.     

Dermal Uptake of 18 Dilute Aqueous Chemicals: In Vivo Disappearance‐Method Measures Greatly Exceed In Vitro‐Based Predictions

Average rates of total dermal uptake (K_up) from short‐term (e.g., bathing) contact with dilute aqueous organic chemicals (DAOCs) are typically estimated from steady‐state in vitro diffusion‐cell measures of chemical permeability (K_p) through skin into receptor solution. Widely used (“PCR‐vitro”) methods estimate K_up by applying diffusion theory to increase K_p predictions made by a physico‐chemical regression (PCR) model that was fit to a large set of K_p measures. Here, K_up predictions for 18 DAOCs made by three PCR‐vitro models (EPA, NIOSH, and MH) were compared to previous in vivo measures obtained by methods unlikely to underestimate K_up. A new PCR model fit to all 18 measures is accurate to within approximately threefold (r = 0.91, p < 10^?5), but the PCR‐vitro predictions (r > 0.63) all tend to underestimate the K_up measures by mean factors (UF, and p value for testing UF = 1) of 10 (EPA, p < 10^?6), 11 (NIOSH, p < 10^?8), and 6.2 (MH, p = 0.018). For all three PCR‐vitro models, log(UF) correlates negatively with molecular weight (r² = 0.31 to 0.84, p = 0.017 to < 10^?6) but not with log(vapor pressure) as an additional predictor (p > 0.05), so vapor pressure appears not to explain the significant in vivo/PCR‐vitro discrepancy. Until this discrepancy is explained, careful in vivo measures of K_up should be obtained for more chemicals, the expanded in vivo database should be compared to in vitro‐based predictions, and in vivo data should be considered in assessing aqueous dermal exposure and its uncertainty.     

Systems Resilience for Multihazard Environments: Definition,Metrics, and Valuation for Decision Making

The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction reported that the 2011 natural disasters, including the earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan, resulted in $366 billion in direct damages and 29,782 fatalities worldwide. Storms and floods accounted for up to 70% of the 302 natural disasters worldwide in 2011, with earthquakes producing the greatest number of fatalities. Average annual losses in the United States amount to about $55 billion. Enhancing community and system resilience could lead to massive savings through risk reduction and expeditious recovery. The rational management of such reduction and recovery is facilitated by an appropriate definition of resilience and associated metrics. In this article, a resilience definition is provided that meets a set of requirements with clear relationships to the metrics of the relevant abstract notions of reliability and risk. Those metrics also meet logically consistent requirements drawn from measure theory, and provide a sound basis for the development of effective decision‐making tools for multihazard environments. Improving the resiliency of a system to meet target levels requires the examination of system enhancement alternatives in economic terms, within a decision‐making framework. Relevant decision analysis methods would typically require the examination of resilience based on its valuation by society at large. The article provides methods for valuation and benefit‐cost analysis based on concepts from risk analysis and management.     

UNIX系统性能监控简述及shell系统资源统计程序

本文简要阐述了unix系统中(主要以IBM的AIX为例)进行系统性能管理的几种命令行工具,并通过编写shell实例程序,运用其中提到的工具实现系统资源利用率的统计程序,为做好unix系统管理和调优提供参考.