基于资源保存理论的组织政治知觉对国有企业员工工作绩效的影响机理研究

通过对1 224份国有企业员工的问卷分析,探讨了组织政治知觉对角色内绩效和组织公民行为的影响,并利用潜调节结构方程模型检验了工作自主性的调节作用。研究表明,一般性政治行为知觉对角色内绩效和参与组织活动以及参与公益活动2类组织公民行为有显著负向影响;保持沉默静待好处知觉对角色内绩效和4维度组织公民行为有显著正向影响;政治性薪酬和晋升政策知觉对角色内绩效和尽职行为有显著负向影响,对助人行为、参与组织活动、参与公益活动有显著正向影响;工作自主性显著正向调节了组织政治知觉与角色内绩效和除尽职行为外的其他组织公民行为之间的关系。研究结论显示,不同组织政治知觉对员工角色内、角色外绩效的影响存在差异,揭示出组织政治的两面性:既可促进员工绩效的提升,又可导致员工行为错位,这成为国有企业运行低效的一个重要原因。     

组织社会化与员工行为绩效——基于个人—组织匹配视角的纵向实证研究

作为人力资源管理实践的重要内容,组织社会化(organizational socialization)是促进员工适应组织并提升其行为绩效的关键因素,但是组织社会化对员工行为绩效影响过程的作用机制如何,目前国内外相关研究还没有形成一致结论。本研究采用纵向实证研究方法,以我国249名新进企业员工作为调查对象,通过历时一年的跟踪调查,就组织社会化、个人—组织匹配、员工绩效和组织公民行为之间关系的模型进行了探索与验证,考察了在不同时期组织社会化影响员工绩效及组织公民行为的内在作用机制。研究发现,随着时间的变化,组织社会化对员工绩效及组织公民行为的影响效应呈现有规律性变化。对于工作绩效,随着员工组织社会化进程的推进,组织社会化对员工绩效的影响从直接效应转变为完全中介效应;对于组织公民行为,随着员工组织社会化进程的推进,组织社会化对员工组织公民行为的影响从原来的部分中介效应转变为完全中介效应。     

高绩效人力资源实践对员工工作绩效的影响

通过对187家企业的374位员工及其直接领导的问卷调查,考察了高绩效人力资源实践对员工的角色内绩效和组织公民行为的直接影响,探讨了员工知觉到的胜任特征在高绩效人力资源实践与员工角色内绩效和组织公民行为之间的中介作用。研究结果显示,高绩效人力资源实践对员工知觉到的胜任特征、角色内绩效和组织公民行为有显著积极影响;员工知觉到的胜任特征对员工角色内绩效和组织公民行为有显著积极影响;员工知觉到的胜任特征在高绩效人力资源实践与员工角色内绩效和组织公民行为之间起部分中介作用。     

高绩效人力资源实践对员工工作绩效的影响北大核心CSSCI

通过对187家企业的374位员工及其直接领导的问卷调查,考察了高绩效人力资源实践对员工的角色内绩效和组织公民行为的直接影响,探讨了员工知觉到的胜任特征在高绩效人力资源实践与员工角色内绩效和组织公民行为之间的中介作用。研究结果显示,高绩效人力资源实践对员工知觉到的胜任特征、角色内绩效和组织公民行为有显著积极影响;员工知觉到的胜任特征对员工角色内绩效和组织公民行为有显著积极影响;员工知觉到的胜任特征在高绩效人力资源实践与员工角色内绩效和组织公民行为之间起部分中介作用。     

互惠的激励作用研究：经验证据及启示

本文运用在中国文化背景下开发的互惠量表,基于对西安某合资制药企业210名员工的调查,考察了企业的三种类型互惠行为对员工的角色内绩效,组织公民行为和工作满意度的影响,结果发现广义互惠与对组织内个人有利的公民行为、工作满意度分别呈正相关关系;平衡互惠与角色内绩效、对组织内个人有利的公民行为、对组织有利的公民行为和工作满意度均呈现显著的正相关关系;而负互惠与工作满意度呈现显著的负相关关系.     

团队心理授权、组织公民行为与团队绩效的关系

本文旨在探讨团队心理授权对团队绩效产生影响的作用机制,即团队心理授权是否会通过团队水平组织公民行为的中介作用对团队绩效产生影响.采用多元回归和结构方程建模分析了团队心理授权、团队水平组织公民行为以及团队绩效之间的关系,研究样本自于32家企业的156个工作团队的568名员工.结果表明:团队心理授权对团队水平组织公民行为、团队绩效有正向影响;团队水平组织公民行为在团队心理授权与团队主动性之间具有完全中介作用,在团队心理授权与团队工作绩效之间具有部分中介作用.     

“似好实坏”：强制性公民行为对员工时间侵占的影响机制——基于正念的调节作用

强制性公民行为是背离了员工初衷的组织公民行为,也是诱发员工职场偏差行为的影响因素。员工的时间侵占行为作为一种极具隐蔽性、形式多样且低风险性的职场偏差行为,既可以帮助员工在组织中营造出“似好”的强制性公民行为假象以迎合组织的期待,又可以缓解员工由于被迫实施组织公民行为的消极体验,但对于组织来说则是一种“实坏”的结果。引入情绪耗竭这一中介机制,既丰富了强制性公民行为与情绪耗竭之间关系的理论视角,又为强制性公民行为通过情绪耗竭影响员工时间侵占行为提供了合理的解释机制。员工正念通过使员工的情绪耗竭状态得以缓和,来缓解情绪耗竭在强制性公民行为及员工的时间侵占行为这二者之中扮演的完全中介效应。     

企业员工组织公民行为管理

企业员工组织公民行为理论自提出以来就受到广泛关注。本文就企业员工组织公民行为理论的定义和作用以及对组织绩效、关系绩效的关系进行了介绍。其次简要论述了对企业员工组织公民行为在人力资源管理工作 ,以及对组织绩效作用。     

团队差序氛围如何影响团队成员的工作表现?——一个有调节的中介作用模型的构建与检验

在中国社会和组织中,"圈子现象"在一定程度上造成了团队差序氛围的普遍存在,它深刻影响着团队内成员的行为、人际互动规则及绩效表现,并成为当前组织行为领域研究的前沿主题。虽然已有研究开始探讨团队差序氛围的影响模式,然而目前关于团队差序氛围如何影响团队成员工作表现的相关研究却十分缺乏。本研究在权威关系模型和社会信息加工理论的基础上,构建了一个有调节的中介作用模型,以探讨团队差序氛围影响团队成员工作表现(工作绩效和组织公民行为)的中介心理机制及边界条件。本文认为,团队差序氛围会通过上下级价值观匹配感知的中介作用,对团队成员的工作绩效和组织公民行为产生间接的消极影响;该间接影响过程会受到团队信任的调节。本文以59名主管和235名员工为对象,通过对两阶段主管—员工配对调查所获取的数据进行分析,结果支持了本研究的预期。本研究的发现,有利于我们了解团队差序氛围影响员工工作绩效和组织公为行为的内在机理,指导管理者采取有针对性的措施,以期有效地管理企业员工的工作绩效表现。     

个性化人力资源管理实践对员工创新绩效的影响:组织公民行为的中介效应

个性化HRM实践是指在组织战略的指引下,围绕人力资源个体或某一群体的个性差异和需求特点,在招聘选拔、培训开发、绩效考核、薪酬福利与雇佣安排等方面制定的具有个性化特征的管理方案。为探索个性化HRM实践对员工创新绩效的影响,以及组织公民行为在二者关系中的作用,运用194名基层管理者问卷调查数据的结构方程模型分析结果显示:个性化HRM实践的个性化考核和个性化工作安排因子对员工的创新绩效有显著的正向影响,而个性化培训、个性化招聘和个性化工作设计因子则通过组织公民行为的完全中介作用影响创新绩效。这一结论表明个性化HRM实践能够给予员工工作自主性,增强其对组织的认同,并促进创新绩效的提升。     

Transformational leadership climate: Performance linkages, mechanisms, and boundary conditions at the organizational level

Transformational leadership (TFL) climate describes the degree to which leaders throughout an organization engage in TFL behaviors. In this study, we investigate performance linkages, mechanisms, and boundary conditions of TFL climate at the organizational level of analysis. In a sample of 158 independent organizations, 18,094 employees provided data on TFL climate, positive affective climate, trust climate, and employees' task performance behavior and organizational citizenship behavior. In addition, human resource managers rated overall employee productivity. Study results yielded a pattern of moderated mediation for overall employee productivity and employees' aggregate task performance behavior, in that an organization's TFL climate was indirectly (through positive affective climate) related with these outcome variables under conditions of high trust climate, but not under conditions of low trust climate. Further, we found an organization's TFL climate to indirectly relate with employees' aggregate organizational citizenship behavior through positive affective climate, largely independent of the level of trust climate.     

Do leaders reap what they sow? Leader and employee outcomes of leader organizational cynicism about change

Despite increased attention given to the attitude of organizational cynicism, few studies have examined the impact of leader cynicism in organizations. The present study sought to investigate relationships between leader cynicism about organizational change (CAOC) and outcomes relevant to both the leader (performance and organizational citizenship behavior ratings) and his/her employees (employee organizational commitment and CAOC). Using data from 106 manufacturing managers, leader CAOC was found to negatively influence both leader and employee outcomes. Of particular importance, transformational leader behavior was found to fully mediate these relationships and thus served as an important explanatory mechanism. A discussion concerning the potential consequences of these findings for organizations is provided.     

High Performance Work Systems and Organizational Performance: An Empirical Study on Manufacturing and Service Organizations in Pakistan

A two level analysis was conducted to examine the impact of High Performance Work Systems (HPWS) on organizational performance by investigating four most prevailing theories in HPWS literature i.e., human capital (Resource based view), social exchange, relational coordination, employee attitudes and behaviours. It was proposed that HPWS predicts improved organizational performance and this relationship can be strengthened through intervention of human capital development, degree of social exchange among organizations and its members and productive relationships among employees. It was further argued that HPWS results into employee motivation, job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behaviours, which ultimately results into better organizational performance. Results from 17 manufacturing and service organizations confirmed the significance of association of implemented and perceived HPWS with managerial and employee rated organizational performance. Mediation analysis confirmed the contribution of human capital, social exchange, relational coordination and OCB towards organizational performance but no influence was found for employee attitudes on HPWS-performance linkage.     

Contextualizing Cultural Orientation and Organizational Citizenship Behavior

This research attempts a more contextualized approach to examining organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Borrowing from theory in international and cross cultural management as well as organizational behavior, context is conceptualized as multi-level and as a shaper of meaning and variability in employee citizenship behaviors. By centralizing the unique socio-cultural, political and historical national context (i.e., omnibus context) of Lebanon at the core of our theorizing, we hypothesize, contrary to previous research, a positive relationship between idiocentrism and employee engagement in organizational citizenship behaviors. Furthermore, we explore the influence that unit level OCB (i.e., discrete context) has on the idiocentrism–OCB relationship. Our analysis confirms the positive relationship between idiocentrism and OCB in this unique context. In addition, our cross-level analysis suggests that in workgroups with higher levels of unit level OCB, idiocentrism is more strongly related to employee engagement in OCB. The findings highlight the value added in contextualizing research on OCB and employee behavior in general.     

企业跨部门心理安全、知识分享与组织绩效间关系的实证研究

知识分享是组织学习研究领域中的一个热点话题,本研究旨在探讨跨部门心理安全对组织内部知识分享以及组织绩效的影响机制。本文实证研究发现,组织跨部门心理安全与组织知识分享、组织绩效之间均存在"倒U"关系,而知识分享会对组织绩效的提升产生正向影响,知识分享在跨部门心理安全对组织绩效的作用中扮演中介角色。研究发现有助于加深我们对跨部门心理安全与组织知识分享、组织绩效间作用关系的深入了解,为企业管理实践提供有益的借鉴和启示。     

绩效评价对组织公民行为的影响:组织承诺的中介作用

本文构建了一个结构方程模型,探讨了组织承诺在绩效评价和组织公民行为关系之间的中介作用。研究结果显示：绩效评价对组织公民行为产生正向影响,而组织承诺对绩效评价和组织公民行为间的关系具有中介作用。组织承诺的中介作用在绩效评价的不同层面上有所区别：对绩效评价系统与组织公民行为的关系,具有完全中介作用;对绩效评价程序与组织公民行为的关系,具有部分中介作用。以此为基础,本文对今后同类研究的方向和管理实践提出了建议。     

Take it to the top: Imagined interactions with leaders elevates organizational identification

Organizational identification is an important predictor of workplace behavior. The more strongly an individual identifies with their employing organization, the more motivated they will be to behave in ways that promote its success. In this paper we develop a new approach to fostering organizational identification based on principles of mental simulation. Across seven experiments we demonstrate that imagining positive contact with an organizational leader increases identification with the organization they represent. Experiments 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B, 3A and 3B replicated the basic effect against progressively varied control conditions, utilizing both scenario and field experiments. Experiment 4 demonstrated that as a consequence of heightened organizational identification following the imagined contact task, participants reported greater intentions to engage in organizational citizenship behaviors. We conclude by discussing the potential application of this technique as a simple and effective way for organizations to foster employees' motivation and performance.     

Self-Esteem Within the Work and Organizational Context: A Review of the Organization-Based Self-Esteem Literature

On numerous occasions it has been suggested that an individual’s self-esteem, formed around work and organizational experiences, plays a significant role in determining employee motivation, work-related attitudes and behaviors. We review more than a decade of research on an organization-based conceptualization of self-esteem. It is observed that sources of organization structure, signals about worth from the organization, as well as, success-building role conditions predict organization-based self-esteem. In addition, organization-based self-esteem is related to job satisfaction, organizational commitment, motivation, citizenship behavior, in-role performance, and turnover intentions, as well as, other important organization-related attitudes and behaviors. Explanations for these effects and directions for future research are discussed.     

Economic and social leader–member exchange relationships and follower performance

This exploratory study investigated the link between economic and social leader–member exchange relationships and follower work performance and organizational citizenship behavior. Instead of viewing exchange relationships between leaders and subordinates on a continuum from low to high quality, we conceptualize social and economic exchange relationships as relationships with different qualities, rather than different levels of quality. Data from 552 followers and 78 leaders supported our two-dimensional model of leader–member exchange relationships. Furthermore, an economic leader–member exchange relationship was negatively related to both work performance and organizational citizenship behavior. As expected, positive relationships were obtained for a social leader–member exchange relationship and work performance and organizational citizenship behavior. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.     

企业环境下个人获取知识和输出知识能力对组织公民行为影响的研究

很多研究者关注企业组织环境下个体如何获取和输出知识、以及个体获取和输出知识与其前因和结果的关系,但是,这些研究至少在以下两方面有待进一步完善:一是未考察个体获取和输出知识对组织公民行为的作用机制,二是鲜有研究将获取知识和输出知识同时纳入研究范畴中。本研究的目的正是希望针对以上问题,考察企业环境中个体获取知识能力和输出知识能力对于组织公民行为的影响机制。对216个样本的实证研究结果表明,个人获取知识能力能够提升个人组织公民行为,而且这种影响是通过输出知识能力的完全中介作用实现的。本研究结果不仅丰富了个体学习和组织学习的相关理论,而且为企业推动组织学习提供了新的思路:企业管理实践中,只有在组织中对人们"获取知识"和"输出知识"齐抓共管,才能更好地促进个体组织公民行为,更好地建设学习型组织,推动组织的可持续生存和健康和谐发展。