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1.
Gul Aldikacti Marshall Hiromi Taniguchi 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2012,23(1):213-235
While research has shown that having a “good” job significantly promotes formal volunteering, we have limited knowledge of
how this paid work-to-volunteer work relationship may differ between men and women. Based on the gender-identification spillover
theory, we hypothesize that because of the societal expectations that women should be caring, giving and communal, positive
job traits such as authority and autonomy promote women’s volunteering more than men’s. Our analysis of data from the National
Survey of Midlife in the United States shows that women who exercise supervisory authority on the job volunteer significantly
more hours than women who do not, whereas job authority makes no difference in the number of hours volunteered for men. Meanwhile,
job autonomy promotes men’s volunteering, but not women’s. Implications of these and related findings for future research
on gender and volunteering are discussed. 相似文献
2.
Karina M. Shreffler Amy E. Pirretti Robert Drago 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2010,31(2):228-240
Fertility among employed women remains far below their desired preferences. Although research has shown that fertility intentions
significantly predict subsequent behavior, little is known about the factors that contribute to intentions. We assess the
impacts of perceived self and partner work-to-family and family-to-work conflict on the fertility intentions of both women
and men. Using a national probability sample of men and women in dual-earner families (N = 630), we find that men’s perceptions of their wives’ work–family conflict significantly predict men’s fertility intentions,
even though men’s own work–family conflict does not. Neither women’s own work–family conflict nor their perceptions of their
husbands’ work–family conflict predicts women’s fertility intentions. 相似文献
3.
Rik Scarce 《The American Sociologist》1995,26(1):87-112
In 1993 the author, then a Ph.D. candidate in sociology, was jailed for 159 days after refusing to violate the American Sociological
Association’sCode of Ethics provisions prohibiting the sharing of confidential research data with law enforcement authorities. This article discusses
theCode, presents the facts of the case, answers critics of the author’s and the ASA’s stance, summarizes an attorney’s analysis
of researcher’s rights in the eyes of the law, and concludes by urging sociologists to seek federal legislation protecting
them and their work product from intrusions by public and private institutions.
with emphases in environmental sociology, social movements, research methods, and science and technology at Montana State
University. 相似文献
4.
Barbara Ryan 《The American Sociologist》1990,21(2):164-178
This work is a biographical essay on the academic career of Helena Znaniecka Lopata, a noted sociologist in her own right
and the daughter of Florian Znaniecki, a principal contributor to qualitative and humanistic sociology. Lopata’s story documents
the difficulties of establishing a career in a social climate that did not place high value on women beyond their wife and
mothering roles. Once she defied her cultural expectations, she also had to overcome the shadow of her father’s legacy and,
finally, she had to find acceptance for doing research on women’s everyday life experiences. Lopata’s work provides important
insights into the sociological study of social roles and of gender as a structural component of stratified social systems.
She has published articles on the women’s movement, politics and the family, and the abortion controversy. Her book,Feminism and the Women’s Movement: Dynamics of Change in Social Movement Ideology and Activism, is forthcoming from Unwin Hyman.
A version of this paper was presented at the 1989 Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association, San Francisco,
CA. 相似文献
5.
Laurie Newman DiPadova a Ph.D. candidate Ralph S. Brower a Ph.D. student 《The American Sociologist》1992,23(3):37-56
This article discussesMax Weber’s Methodology, Lowell L. Bennion’s (1933) published doctoral dissertation from the University of Strasbourg, France. This book is important
because it is the first systematic English language treatment of Weber’s work. It also suggests an early link between Weberian
and Durkheimian scholarship and foreshadows later debates regarding Talcott Parsons’ interpretation of Weber. Additionally
the book provides a unique contribution by applying Weber’s “Calvinism-Capitalism” thesis to the development of Mormonism.
We explore the academic context in which the book was written and its reception by American sociologists at the time. After
summarizing the text, we examine its perspective on the issues later raised about Parsons’ account of Weber. We conclude by
looking at Lowell Bennion as a sociologist and a devout Mormon, and the unique connection that he forged between his religion
and Max Weber’s ideas.
Her field is organizational behavior and theory; her primary area of research is the relationship between organizational hierarchy
and managerial leadership.
He is currently investigating the modes of white collar resistance in public bureaucracies. 相似文献
6.
Recent research on children in out-of-home care has highlighted their demographic characteristics, their physical and mental
health status, and case outcomes, yet the body of literature examining children’s perspectives on care is relatively limited.
This review provides an overview of almost two dozen studies examining children’s experiences of care. Findings from studies
involving interviews with current and former foster youth are reviewed in relation to four child welfare goals: (1) protecting
children from harm; (2) fostering children’s well-being; (3) supporting children’s families; and (4) promoting permanence.
Implications for improved child welfare practice are offered. 相似文献
7.
Pension Participation: Do Parents Transmit Time Preference? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Elena Gouskova Ngina Chiteji Frank Stafford 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2010,31(2):138-150
A wide range of economic and health behaviors are influenced by individuals’ attitudes toward the future—including investments
in human capital, health capital and financial capital. Intergenerational correlations in such behaviors suggest an important
role the family may play in transmitting time preferences to children. This article presents a model of parental investment
in future-oriented capital, where parents shape their children’s time preference rates. The research identifies a dual role
for a parent’s time preference rate in the process of shaping the offspring’s attitude toward the future, and discusses paths
through which parents may socialize children to be patient. The model’s implications are studied by investigating the parent–child
correlation in pension participation using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics 相似文献
8.
Alan Fowler 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2012,23(1):5-25
International comparative research on civil society has subordinated Africa’s diversity and specificities to other geographies
and histories. Results are prejudiced global conceptualisations, questionable enumeration, problematic theory formulation
and ill-conceived approaches to development initiatives intended to make African civil society ‘stronger’ and states more
democratic. This article sets out a case for an endogenous approach to civil society enquiry as a political category sensitive
to the continent’s particularisms. In order to locate discussion about meanings, measures and measuring, a conceptual framework
for research is described which avoids conflation with other epistemologies. Such a contribution will assist in sharpening
thinking and discussion about the boundary characteristics of what is to be investigated. 相似文献
9.
Randle W. Nelsen 《The American Sociologist》2003,34(4):25-39
Selected writings from Reuel Denney’s work as a social analyst are reviewed in order to establish and highlight his often-overlooked
contributions to sociology. Denney’s cultural studies of Americans at play, with specific reference to his writings on the
subcultures of football and hot-rodding, and on television and the electronic media, advertising and architecture, are reviewed
in examining some major themes emphasized in his sociology. These writings are discussed against the backdrop of Denney’s
early life experiences drawn from his autobiography to better enable readers to gain an appreciation of his sociological thinking.
The beginnings of a Denney postmodern are sketched as a conclusion to this paper’s major contention that Denney anticipated
much of today’s sociology as cultural studies. As one of Reuel’s students, nearly forty years ago, I hope that this article
serves not only to highlight Denney’s contributions and place within the discipline of sociology, but also that my personal
recollections will serve to reveal the strong attachments we students felt toward him as our teacher, mentor, and friend.
nt|mis|His teaching and research combine his interests in higher education and the professions, bureaucracy, social thought,
mass media, and popular culture. His most recent book, Schooling As Entertainment: Corporate Education Meets Popular Culture, is available from Cedarreek Press. 相似文献
10.
Gary D. Jaworski 《The American Sociologist》1998,29(2):4-16
The history of sociology exhibits what might be called, after Gallie (1956), an “essentially contested “ canon. The key figures,
sacred texts, and central ideas that constitute the sociological tradition are inherently in dispute. This essay examines
the “contested canon “ within a historical framework to provide at least a partial explanation for the restricted interpretation
of Georg Simmel as a structuralist sociologist. The sites of this contest are two New York City institutions, Columbia University
and the New School for Social Research, both of which offered mid-century readings of Simmel’s works. At Columbia in the mid-1950s,
Robert K. Merton advanced a structural reading of Simmel’s work. During the same broad period, the New School’s Albert Salomon
championed a phenomenological reading of Simmel in his classes and seminars. Despite penetrating insights into Simmel’s links
to the phenomenological tradition, Salomon’s interpretation has had less salience than the approach advanced by Merton. The
differential success of these competing interpretations is explained in large measure by the institutionalization and dominance
of Merton’s research tradition relative to Salomon’s. 相似文献
11.
Dividing Justly in Bargaining Problems with Claims 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Theoretical research on claims problems has concentrated on normative properties and axiomatizations of solution concepts. We complement these analyses by empirical evidence on the predictability of three classical solution concepts in a bankruptcy problem. We examine both people’s impartial normative evaluations as well as their actual negotiation behavior in a bargaining with claims environment. We measure people’s judgments on the normative attractiveness of solution concepts with the help of a survey and also observe actual agreements in a bargaining experiment with real money at stake. We find that the proportional solution is the normatively most attractive rule, whereas actual negotiation agreements are closest to the ‘constrained equal-award’ solution. 相似文献
12.
Michaela L. Z. Farber Christine Anlauf Sabatino 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2007,24(4):385-402
Through collaborative action-oriented community research, agency-based clinicians, and university-based researchers engaged
in a two-year theory-driven evaluation of a therapeutic summer camp for grieving children. The evaluation examined the camp
practice model and children’s engagement in therapeutic camp activities and psychosocial functioning based on the camp staff
and parental caregivers’ assessments. The first year findings led to a synergistic decision-making process that strengthened
one of camp therapeutic activities. The overall results reveal a high consistency among staff on assessments of engagement
and psychosocial functioning, and parental caregivers’ satisfaction with the camp. Limitations of research evaluation and
implications for practice are considered. 相似文献
13.
Sen’s classic social choice result supposedly demonstrates a conflict between Pareto and minimal forms of liberalism. By providing
the first direct mathematical proof of this seminal result, we underscore a significantly different interpretation: rather
than conflicts among rights, Sen’s result occurs because the liberalism assumption negates the requirement that voters have
transitive preferences. This explanation enriches interpretations of Sen’s conclusion by introducing radically new kinds of
societal conflicts, by suggesting ways to sidestep these difficulties, and by providing insight into other approaches that
have been used to avoid the difficulties.
Our thanks to two referees for excellent suggestions. Saari’s research was supported by NSF grants DMI 0233798, 0640817, and
DMS 0631362. 相似文献
14.
15.
Since the early 1990s the Chinese government has allowed foreign humanitarian non-governmental organizations to aid children
residing in official state-run orphanages. As one aspect of a larger research project on child abandonment and forms of orphanage
care in contemporary China, this article examines an innovative state-civil society partnership of a Western infant special
care unit housed within a large official state-run institution. The “Tomorrow’s Children” special care unit, funded and managed by middle-class Western
volunteers, uses First World medical practices and universalistic ideologies of children and childhood to care for the institution’s
most severely ill and disabled children. This article utilizes ethnographic methods to discuss conflicts over children’s best
interests that arise between Western volunteer employers and the local working-class and poor Chinese caregivers who are expected
to implement the imported practices. I contend that disagreements over appropriate childcare hinge on cultural and class-based
understandings of childhood and differential access to social and financial resources. This research grounds discussions of
globalization in a detailed case study by exposing the tensions and negotiations that occur at the local level in processes
of transnational exchange. 相似文献
16.
This article addresses the issue of engaging client diversity in therapeutic practice by elaborating a dialogical model of
engagement that is sensitive to and inclusive of the spiritual dimension in the therapeutic encounter. Drawing on Martin Buber’s
writings on the ‘I–Thou’ relationship, the concept of intersubjectivity, research on spirituality in therapy, and the authors’
clinical experiences of collaboratively engaging the spiritual dimension in therapy, strategies of engagement are critically
examined. Treatment benefits of practices that facilitate the inclusion of client spiritual values and beliefs in the therapeutic
conversation are explored and potential therapeutic pitfalls are identified. 相似文献
17.
Viviana A. Zelizer 《The American Sociologist》2010,41(4):423-428
With Mozart-like versatility, Charles Tilly’s brilliant investigations covered a remarkable range of topics and methodologies.
This paper highlights two of Tilly’s lesser-known contributions: as cultural analyst and as feminist scholar. It also introduces
his concern with the place of normative arguments in social research. 相似文献
18.
Theodore A. Lamb 《The American Sociologist》1993,24(3-4):26-36
This article presents a topic that sociologists rarely research but which holds great promise for the future—training. Sociologists
spend a good deal of time investigating education but generally neglect the field of training. Little effort is spent on investigating
training, why it’s done, how it’s done, what effect it has, who gets it, when it’s appropriate, or where it takes place. Sociologists
tend to leave these issues to psychologists of various specialties or to professional trainers and training developers. The
article identifies some major training-related issues, sociological specialty areas that apply to training-related research,
areas of research that are of likely interest to sociologists and what sociologists might do to get involved in training research.
He is on loan from the Armstrong Laboratory, Technical Training Research Division at Brooks AFB, TX, 78235.
The views expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Air Force
or the Department of Defense. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Southwest Sociological Association Annual
Conference in March 1993. 相似文献
19.
B. T. Matemilola A. N. Bany-Ariffin W. N. W. Azman-Saini 《Transition Studies Review》2012,18(3):601-612
Recent financial crisis which saw an increase in risk premium and shareholder’s required return around the world has been
in part attributed to firms excessive debt leverage. This paper tests the impact of debt leverage on shareholder’s required
return in South Africa. The paper specifies dynamic panel models and uses difference generalized method of moment (GMM) estimation
technique. The results show that long term debt is positively related to shareholder’s required return. Similarly, total debt
is positively related to shareholder’s required return. The results are robust to alternative model specification namely system
GMM. Based on the findings, the study suggests that debt leverage is an important risk factor to be priced in equity valuation.
The findings also suggest that the dynamic nature of firms’ capital structure decision should not be neglected. The paper
contributes to capital structure research by testing Modigliani and Miller proposition two on listed firms in South Africa.
Besides, it uses better estimation technique that controls for unobservable firm-specific effects and endogenous problem.
In addition, two measures of leverage are used as independent variable compared to a single measure commonly found in the
literature. 相似文献
20.
Our paper contributes to the literature on the Romanian banking sector by analyzing a particular credit institution, namely
the Cluj Napoca regional corporate business center of BCR Erste Bank Romania. Our choice is motivated by the fact that the
Cluj Napoca regional center represents the pilot used by Erste Bank in testing all structural changes, new technologies and
management and risk strategies. The analysis being developed focuses on the restructuration process taking place due to BCR’s
merger with Erste Group, in what was considered to be one of the most spectacular takeovers in Central and Eastern Europe,
therefore forming BCR Erste. The analyzed period also involves financial crisis circumstances. Considering the changes taking
place within both the internal and external environment of the bank we oriented our analysis towards the bank’s clients. More
precisely, we tested if, under the considered circumstances, we could find a connection between the bank’s clients’ reaction
to the events taking place and their perception upon the same phenomenon. Regression models are used in developing the analysis.
The results of the study come to prove the existence of a medium intensity relationship between clients’ perception on the
two considered phenomenon and their reaction. Such results are justified if we think that on one hand the restructuration
contributed towards positive effects while on the other we have negative effects due to the financial crisis. Our study has
the obvious limitation of only approaching one case study. The analysis performed on BCR Erste’s case could also be extended
to other banks. Conclusions therefore being reached and the potential effects of this type of research could be directly beneficial
for the local, regional and/or national economic environment. The information aimed to be obtained is in line with the bank’s
policy of orientation towards its clients. Besides analyzing clients’ perception, our analysis also considers its connection
to their reaction. Since clients’ behavior is always in the center of management’s attention, dimensioning this connection
bears significant practical implications. The distinctive element of the study is given by the analyzed period representing
for the chosen bank both its restructuration process and the period when the financial crisis peaked in its manifestation. 相似文献