交易间隔、超高频波动率与VaR ——利用日内信息预测金融市场风险

 金融市场风险价值研究一般采用日收益数据，并基于GARCH类模型进行估计和预测，这必然会损失部分日内信息。本文尝试使用中国股市日内分笔超高频数据，在分析日内波动特性的基础上，通过UHF-GARCH模型对交易间隔等日内信息建模，得到超高频波动率UHFV。本文用ARFIMA模型对超高频波动率UHFV建模，应用到风险价值VaR的预测中，并同基于日数据的GARCH类模型的VaR预测能力进行比较。VaR似然比和动态分位数等回测检验的结果显示，超高频数据波动率UHFV模型的预测能力强于采用日数据的GARCH类模型。     

BMM模型在商业银行操作风险度量中的应用

文章利用极值理论中的BMM模型对商业银行操作风险损失极端值分布进行估计,采用广义极值分布构建VaR模型,组建极值数据组,运用极大似然估计法估计两个参数,进而计算操作风险损失VaR。最后结合我国商业银行1994~2008年的220个操作风险损失数据进行实证研究,结果显示BMM模型具有超越样本的估计能力,在数据较少条件下能得到较准确结果,用其度量商业银行的操作风险损失VaR是合理的,这为我国商业银行操作风险度量和管理提供一定的量化依据。     

基于高频数据的市场价格久期集聚特征分析

在金融高频数据中,价格久期反映了交易者的交易策略,从时间维度反映了信息的传导过程。文章采用股票交易的分笔数据,在自回归条件久期模型中引入信息交易特征变量:交易强度、每笔平均交易量和百分比买卖价差,分析价格久期集聚特征与市场信息交易之间的关系。     

医疗保险定点医院损失分布估计

本文应用了风险模型的损失分布及其估计方法,在分析社会医疗保险医疗赔付模式下,根据定点医院相关数据对风险模型的损失分布进行了实证分析和估计。并采用蒙特卡罗方法进行了数据仿真,表明估计结果的有效性。     

股指期货操作的风险度量及管理策略

文章利用VaR-GARCH模型分别时SP500指数期货和恒生指数期货操作面临的风险进行了研究.分别运用基于GED分布和T分布的GARCH模型估计了两个市场95%和99%置信水平下的上涨和下跌的条件VaR.研究发现,对于SP500指数期货和恒生指数期货基于GED分布和T分布的VaR-GARCH模型都是充分的:股指期货市场在不同的时期面临的风险水平不同,仍存在因波动率阶段性差异产生的系统性风险:多空双方的风险暴露不对等,空头头寸的交易结算保证全水平通常要高于多头头寸持有者,这是由于双方的交易方向不同造成的.     

竞争风险下我国住房抵押贷款风险的实证研究

 本文利用我国住房抵押贷款持续期数据,对贷款终止的提前还款和违约这两种情形展开研究,估计了竞争风险下Cox比例危险模型,刻画我国住房抵押贷款的两类风险概率随协变量变化的时间效应。对竞争风险下的Cox比例危险模型,本文计算了相应的Cox-Snell残差和Deviance残差用于模型的拟合检验,检验表明本文估计的竞争风险模型用于抵押贷款持续期数据的分析是合适的。本文进一步讨论了基于持续期的贷款终止风险研究在银行抵押贷款证券化和信贷风险管理中的意义。     

沪深300股指期货风险规避策略

文章首先利用最小二乘回归模型、VAR模型、VECM模型和GARCH模型对最优套期保值比率进行了估计,再用沪深300股指期货模拟交易的数据基于风险收益的方法进行了套期保值有效性的比较和验证.结论表明:用传统的最小二乘回归模型估计的套期保值比率效果最好.     

基于首末位质量因子的BP神经网络财务风险预警模型

上市公司往往存在粉饰财务数据来美化企业经营状况的动机,这会降低财务风险预警模型预测的准确性。文章利用Benford律和Myer指数两种数据质量评估方法,构建Benford和Myer质量因子,引入BP神经网络模型,构造BM-BP神经网络财务风险预警模型;并进一步利用2000—2019年中国A股上市公司数据,评价数据质量因子对财务风险预警模型预测准确性的影响,分析新模型预测准确性的稳定性。实证分析结果显示:Benford和Myer质量因子提高了BP神经网络财务风险预警模型预测的准确性;在不同质量因子的比较结果中,包含评选指标Benford和Myer质量因子的BP神经网络财务风险预警模型具有较高的预测准确率和较低的二类误判率,稳定性良好;利用决策树算法筛选指标有效提高了新模型的预测准确性。     

索赔次数服从复合Poisson—Geometric分布的风险模型的参数估计

文章分析了索赔次数服从复Poisson—Geometric分布时的风险模型，给出了参数的矩估计，采用随机模拟的方法考察了矩估计不存在的比率，同时还给出了参数的极大似然估计；通过大量Monte-Carlo模拟考察了点估计的精度，认为矩估计优于极大似然估计，并且通过实例分析说明了本文方法的应用。     

国外非参数项目反应理论的回顾与展望

人们讨论数学测量模型与实际应用之间的关系,在共同发现的教育测量中大数据矩阵和在态度与个性测量中发现的小数据矩阵之间存在差异。非参数法是根据估计项目反应函数(非条件和条件)和项目间协方差进行估计。     

Cross-correlating wavelet coefficients with applications to high-frequency financial time series

This paper uses a new concept in wavelet analysis to explore a financial transaction data set including returns, durations, and volume. The concept is based on a decomposition of the Allan covariance of two series into cross-covariances of wavelet coefficients, which allows a natural interpretation of cross-correlations in terms of frequencies. It is applied to financial transaction data including returns, durations between transactions, and trading volume. At high frequencies, we find significant spillover from durations to volume and a strong contemporaneous relation between durations and returns, whereas a strong causality between volume and volatility exists at various frequencies.     

Long memory in intertrade durations,counts and realized volatility of NYSE stocks

We study the persistence of intertrade durations, counts (number of transactions in equally spaced intervals of clock time), squared returns and realized volatility in 10 stocks trading on the New York Stock Exchange. A semiparametric analysis reveals the presence of long memory in all of these series, with potentially the same memory parameter. We introduce a parametric latent-variable long-memory stochastic duration (LMSD) model which is shown to better fit the data than the autoregressive conditional duration model (ACD) in a variety of ways. The empirical evidence we present here is in agreement with theoretical results on the propagation of memory from durations to counts and realized volatility presented in Deo et al. (2009).     

Factor Multivariate Stochastic Volatility via Wishart Processes

This paper proposes a high dimensional factor multivariate stochastic volatility (MSV) model in which factor covariance matrices are driven by Wishart random processes. The framework allows for unrestricted specification of intertemporal sensitivities, which can capture the persistence in volatilities, kurtosis in returns, and correlation breakdowns and contagion effects in volatilities. The factor structure allows addressing high dimensional setups used in portfolio analysis and risk management, as well as modeling conditional means and conditional variances within the model framework. Owing to the complexity of the model, we perform inference using Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation from the posterior distribution. A simulation study is carried out to demonstrate the efficiency of the estimation algorithm. We illustrate our model on a data set that includes 88 individual equity returns and the two Fama–French size and value factors. With this application, we demonstrate the ability of the model to address high dimensional applications suitable for asset allocation, risk management, and asset pricing.     

Factor Multivariate Stochastic Volatility via Wishart Processes

This paper proposes a high dimensional factor multivariate stochastic volatility (MSV) model in which factor covariance matrices are driven by Wishart random processes. The framework allows for unrestricted specification of intertemporal sensitivities, which can capture the persistence in volatilities, kurtosis in returns, and correlation breakdowns and contagion effects in volatilities. The factor structure allows addressing high dimensional setups used in portfolio analysis and risk management, as well as modeling conditional means and conditional variances within the model framework. Owing to the complexity of the model, we perform inference using Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation from the posterior distribution. A simulation study is carried out to demonstrate the efficiency of the estimation algorithm. We illustrate our model on a data set that includes 88 individual equity returns and the two Fama-French size and value factors. With this application, we demonstrate the ability of the model to address high dimensional applications suitable for asset allocation, risk management, and asset pricing.     

Statistical Modeling of Temporal Dependence in Financial Data via a Copula Function

In financial analysis it is useful to study the dependence between two or more time series as well as the temporal dependence in a univariate time series. This article is concerned with the statistical modeling of the dependence structure in a univariate financial time series using the concept of copula. We treat the series of financial returns as a first order Markov process. The Archimedean two-parameter BB7 copula is adopted to describe the underlying dependence structure between two consecutive returns, while the log-Dagum distribution is employed to model the margins marked by skewness and kurtosis. A simulation study is carried out to evaluate the performance of the maximum likelihood estimates. Furthermore, we apply the model to the daily returns of four stocks and, finally, we illustrate how its fitting to data can be improved when the dependence between consecutive returns is described through a copula function.     

Inverse Gaussian Distribution for Modeling Conditional Durations in Finance

The durations between market activities such as trades and quotes provide useful information on the underlying assets while analyzing financial time series. In this article, we propose a stochastic conditional duration model based on the inverse Gaussian distribution. The non-monotonic nature of the failure rate of the inverse Gaussian distribution makes it suitable for modeling the durations in financial time series. The parameters of the proposed model are estimated by an efficient importance sampling method. A simulation experiment is conducted to check the performance of the estimators. These estimates are used to compute estimated hazard functions and to compare with the empirical hazard functions. Finally, a real data analysis is provided to illustrate the practical utility of the models.     

A semi-parametric method for estimating the beta coefficients of the hidden two-sided asset return jumps

ABSTRACT

We introduce a new methodology for estimating the parameters of a two-sided jump model, which aims at decomposing the daily stock return evolution into (unobservable) positive and negative jumps as well as Brownian noise. The parameters of interest are the jump beta coefficients which measure the influence of the market jumps on the stock returns, and are latent components. For this purpose, at first we use the Variance Gamma (VG) distribution which is frequently used in modeling financial time series and leads to the revelation of the hidden market jumps' distributions. Then, our method is based on the central moments of the stock returns for estimating the parameters of the model. It is proved that the proposed method provides always a solution in terms of the jump beta coefficients. We thus achieve a semi-parametric fit to the empirical data. The methodology itself serves as a criterion to test the fit of any sets of parameters to the empirical returns. The analysis is applied to NASDAQ and Google returns during the 2006–2008 period.     

Normal mixture method for stock daily returns over different sub-periods

In this paper, the normal mixture model, as an alternative distribution, is utilized to represent the characteristics of stock daily returns over different bull and bear markets. Firstly, we conduct the normality test for the return data and compare the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistics of normal mixture models with different components. Secondly, we analyze the likely reasons why parameters change over different sub-periods. Our empirical examination proves that majority of the data series reject the normality assumption and mixture models with three components can model the behavior of daily returns more appropriately and steadily. This result has both statistical and economic significance.     

Finite sample performance of sequential designs for model identification

Classical regression analysis is usually performed in two steps. In the first step, an appropriate model is identified to describe the data generating process and in the second step, statistical inference is performed in the identified model. An intuitively appealing approach to the design of experiment for these different purposes are sequential strategies, which use parts of the sample for model identification and adapt the design according to the outcome of the identification steps. In this article, we investigate the finite sample properties of two sequential design strategies, which were recently proposed in the literature. A detailed comparison of sequential designs for model discrimination in several regression models is given by means of a simulation study. Some non-sequential designs are also included in the study.