全国自贸试验区体系中改革开放措施异同比较研究

目前,中国自贸试验区已经形成兼具多边、区域、双边、单边开放的制度体系,逐步形成与世界主要经济体及区域、双边规则对接的“点状”“块状”或“网络”关系,中国自贸试验区战略体系逐步形成.通过深入对比分析4个自贸试验区战略功能定位、政府职能转变、投资与贸易便利化等方面政策制度创新、金融等重点开放领域的差异,可提高上海自贸试验区在全国新一轮改革开放进程中的示范与引领作用.     

上海自贸试验区建设与票据业务创新发展

促进贸易和投资便利是上海自贸试验区金融服务创新的重要内容。其中,票据业务创新发展可增强票据业务金融服务功能。从发展前景看,票据便利有利于满足自贸试验区内结算需求的增长,实现跨境人民币便捷支付以及改善金融机构融资需求。为完善票据业务发展和服务上海自贸试验区建设,建议修改完善票据业务法规制度,加快纸质票据电子化和电子票据业务发展,推动境外人民币参加银行运用电子商业汇票和商业承兑汇票业务的发展,在上海自贸试验区内先行先试融资性票据业务,试点电子票据交易平台建设并逐步在全国推广应用。     

中国(上海)自由贸易试验区金融综合监管制度创新研究

针对上海自贸试验区扩大金融开放的需要,借鉴国外经验,上海自贸试验区内金融综合监管制度创新可以有两种备选方案:第一种是在完善现有的分业监管体制,在自贸试验区内建立以人民银行为主导的有一行三会、地方政府参与的金融监管协调委员会制度;第二种是在自贸试验区内建立单一的金融监管部门,统一行使对银行、证券和保险的监管权。     

中国(上海)自由贸易试验区财税难点和对策研究

中国(上海)自由贸易试验区(以下简称“上海自贸试验区”)建设需要财政政策的有力支持,应通过设立上海自贸试验区财政局,建立健全自贸试验区财政机构和管理体制;适度增加中央对上海自贸试验区建设中重大事项的专项资金支持;积极创新投融资方式,健全政府投资引导机制;完善上海自贸试验区境外股权投资的税收制度;完善上海自贸试验区离岸业务的税收政策;完善上海自贸试验区税收征管体系.     

转型视角的上海自贸试验区功能扩展问题研究

在中国经济结构转变和上海城市发展转型背景下,旨在实现制度创新可复制、可推广的上海自贸试验区的主要目标在于创新开放模式,并实现对外开放与对内开放的相互衔接。对此,产业与地理的一体化发展作为核心的实现机制,决定了上海自贸试验区独特的平台属性及转型倾向。本文通过对转型导向下的上海自贸试验区预期演化路径展开深入的分析,从功能拓展的角度提出上海自贸试验区依托于现代服务业集聚和专业化的未来发展方向,并认为它的建设应纳入到国家深度融入全球价值链分工体系的总体政策框架与上海全球城市的战略转型框架之中,以降低"试错"式改革的成本,提高制度创新与复制的效率。     

中国(上海)自由贸易试验区改革开放成效与制度创新研究

上海自贸试验区挂牌一年来,深入贯彻党的十八届三中全会精神,立足国家战略,运行有序,总体进展符合设计预期,基本达到阶段性目标和试验效果。具体地说,上海自贸试验区在投资管理制度、贸易监管制度、金融制度和事中事后监管制度等4个方面实现了创新突破;在形成开放倒逼改革态势、推进服务业开放、接轨国际的制度框架和形成可复制可推广的制度创新经验等方面取得了试验成效。上海要积极对接新的国际投资贸易规则新变化,推动自贸试验区在更高层次的开放中与国际贸易投资规则更紧密结合。     

上海自贸试验区金融税制创新探讨

我国现行金融税制存在流转税税负偏高、重复征税、税收歧视和税制建设滞后等方面的问题.上海自贸试验区可以通过借鉴国际金融税制创新的经验,探索有利于自贸试验区发展的金融税制:构建公平、合理、确定的金融税制;打造富有国际竞争力的金融税制,以扭转上海自贸试验区成为国际税收“高地”的不利局面;积极探索“分项不分国”的综合限额抵免法;谨慎对待境外投资所得的税收饶让抵免.     

上海自贸试验区负面清单转化为全国负面清单的路径和措施

目前,在中国(上海)自贸试验区的各项实施制度中,"负面清单"制度是其中重要的一项,也将是未来自贸区可复制、可推广的一项关键制度。对此,可借鉴《美国双边投资协议2012年范本》,将上海自贸试验区负面清单转化为全国负面清单,向全国推广。     

建设开放度最高的自由贸易试验区当好新一轮改革开放领跑者——关于国务院《进一步深化中国(上海)自由贸易试验区改革开放方案》的解读

国务院《进一步深化中国(上海)自由贸易试验区改革开放方案》突出以制度创新为核心,加快释放改革红利;突出以政府职能转变为重点,充分发挥市场配置资源的决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用;突出以可复制可推广为目标,形成更多具有示范带动效应的制度创新成果;突出以风险可控为底线,构建科学有效的风险防控体系.该方案有六大突破:在加快推进政府职能转变上实现新突破;在深化与扩大开放相适应的投资管理制度创新上实现新突破;在推进与国际通行规则接轨的贸易监管制度创新上实现新突破;在加强自贸试验区与“四个中心”建设的联动上实现新突破;在加强自贸试验区与全球影响力科技创新中心建设的联动上实现新突破;在加强自贸试验区法制和政策保障上实现新突破.     

以结构性改革率先探索高标准自贸试验

上海自贸试验区经过3年的改革试验,基本形成了五大制度创新成果,发挥了示范引领、服务全国的作用.下一步,要对照国际最高标准、最好水平的自由贸易区,以更大的勇气和智慧推进制度创新,核心是“三个率先”:率先推进自贸试验区制度创新系统集成,在更大程度上发挥示范引领效应;率先推进高标准国际投资贸易规则压力测试,在更高层次上发挥先行先试作用;率先推进自贸试验区与一系列重大国家战略协同联动,在更广领域中发挥服务全国大局功能.     

Regulated freedoms: the market and the state,agriculture and the environment

We argue that a “free” market — that is, a market in which the state does not intervene — is a theoretical impossibility in a state society. In place of the natural economy view of a market apart from the state, we offer a social economy view of the inescapable social structuring of markets through state regulation. Even when states institute policies which prevent “interference” in a market, the enforcement power of the state is no less required. We thus distinguish between two forms of regulation: negative regulation — regulation which prevents interference — and positive regulation — regulation which enables interference. These two forms of regulation make possible two different conceptions of freedom, what Isaiah Berlin once termed “negative freedom” from agency and “positive freedom” to have agency. We argue that positive and negative freedom and positive and negative regulation are inseparable; freedom is always contextual. Through a discussion of the debate between industrial agriculture and environmentalists, we show that both supporters and critics of the “free” market are alike in their advocacy, often unacknowledged, of both negative and positive forms of regulation. Rather then a lessening of regulation, this debate represents the institution of a new regulatory regime out of the contest of interests. We conclude by considering the implications for democracy of the contextual character of freedom.     

Relating the Central and the Local

Although a number of valuable models of central‐local relationships in the nonprofit sector have been developed, particularly in relation to federal structures, there has been a tendency to assume that in any given organizational relationship central‐local structures will follow one common pattern. We argue that wider strategies are available: central dependency along one dimension may run with greater local autonomy along another. Such mixed tight‐loose structures may be of considerable importance in the “boundaryless” organizational environment of the future.     

Disappointing and deviant youth and the rage of the elders

A generalized adult hostility toward youth derives from the complexities of the parent/child relationship, often mirrored in the helper/client and therapist/patient dyads. Parents derive considerable or little narcissistic gain from the accomplishments of their offspring, and conversely, are disappointed or even mortified by their failures. This is particularly true of narcissistically vulnerable parents—helpers and therapists as well—and accounts for widespread attitudes of competition, disparagement, and outright hostility toward young people. In the extreme, the pathological situations of emotional exploitation, incest, and physical abuse occur, but lesser forms of exploitation, such as personally gratifying advocacy, political gain, cultism, and enhancement of professional status, point to similar, but seemingly less destructive, forms of narcissistic gain. Youth may respond by conforming, defying, disappointing, and deviating. Adults may be either pleased, or enraged.     

State and Regional Professional Associations—the Case of the CSA and the PSA

The CSA and the PSA share several critical challenges including maintaining a stable membership, providing opportunities for students to present their work while at the same time maintaining their position as an organization of professional sociologists, meeting the needs of a diverse membership and balancing the teaching and research needs of this diverse membership. The need is for the CSA and the PSA to work together to form an even closer partnership.     

Private property and the problem of the miraculous: the kramats and the city of Cape Town

This paper seeks to explore the place of kramats the graves of Muslim saints or Auliyah – in the landscape of contemporary Cape Town. The kramat sites have been proclaimed as heritage sites because of their importance as tangible signs of Islam at the Cape. At the same time, the process of the kramats becoming heritage sites has contained moments of intense, often sensational, public contestation. Offering a reading of the discourses surrounding two contested kramats in Cape Town, this paper explores the way kramats mark out a miraculous space in the prosaic modern city and introduce into the post-apartheid evaluation of heritage, alternative conceptions of space and notions of temporality. They are sites of impossibility where, it is claimed, the laws of nature themselves are interrupted to mark the intangible particularities of the site. This paper explores what happens when this miraculous space is subject to the demands of private property and municipal law and the conflicts that arise from this collision of different conceptual and experiential modalities. It considers the effects of the entanglement of legend and history that result from the production of these sites as heritage in a market-driven economy.     

Between the market and the hard place: neoliberalization and the Polish LGBT movement

ABSTRACT

Whilst the fall of state socialism in 1989 opened up a space for the Polish LGBT movement to emerge and develop, over the last three decades the process has taken place against the backdrop of material and ideological constraints of neoliberalization, a point that has been largely overlooked in the scholarship on the Polish LGBT movement. Informed by interviews with Polish LGBT activists this article explores the contradictory ways in which processes of neoliberalization and market logic influence and often constrain the Polish LGBT movement. The argument is that neoliberalization and its logic profusely affect what is possible and desirable for the Polish LGBT movement on a personal, local as well as a national level. The contradictory effects of the processes of neoliberalization combined with the political climate, with minimal or no state support for LGBT organizing, result in a movement that is at the mercy of the market-like environment, under-resourced, dependent almost entirely on voluntary labor and spatially scarce.