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1.
Yonatan Reshef 《Journal of Labor Research》2007,28(4):677-696
In the public sector, Canadian governments intervene frequently in labor disputes by suspending collective bargaining and
curtailing legal strikes. Previous research has focused on the contours of government intervention, such as its overall effects
on collective bargaining and strikes. The discussion highlights one actor, a government, restricting the behavior of another
actor, a union, using legislation and policy making. As a result, we know less about more micro-level elements and implications
of the process of government intervention. I address these themes using a detailed case study of the Alberta Teachers’ Association
and the strikes it coordinated in 2002.
相似文献
Yonatan ReshefEmail: |
2.
Jane D. Poulsen 《Sociological Forum》2006,21(1):3-30
This paper contributes to research examining class formation processes among capitalists by analyzing the fracturing of multiemployer collective bargaining associations in the U.S. coal mining and steel industries. The paper evaluates three theories of bargaining decentralization and offers an alternative account. Analyzing both the earlier stability of multiemployer bargaining and its subsequent decline, the paper attributes decentralization to changes in relationships of interdependence and power among unionized firms. While broad processes of economic restructuring gave rise to these shifts, social processes involving conflict and negotiation determined the specific direction of institutional change.
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Jane D. PoulsenEmail: |
3.
Did the legalization of abortion increase women’s household bargaining power? Evidence from labor supply 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Sonia Oreffice 《Review of Economics of the Household》2007,5(2):181-207
I estimate the impact of abortion legalization on spouses’ labor supplies to test whether legalization increased women’s household
bargaining power, in a collective household behavior framework. Based on CPS data, I find that wives’ labor supply decreased
and their husbands’ increased, which is consistent with the bargaining hypothesis. This contrasts with most studies of abortion
and birth control technologies, which predict a labor supply effect only for women, and of opposite sign. Also consistent
with the bargaining interpretation, I estimate no significant impact on anti-abortion religious couples or on those who regularly
used contraceptives. PSID data yield supportive evidence.
相似文献
Sonia OrefficeEmail: |
4.
Most analysis of intrahousehold decisions has been conducted using aggregate revealed preference data where preferences of
individual agents are never observed, only the household consumption outcomes are observed. We examine household behavior
in a bargaining framework by combining stated preference information from individual members of the household with revealed
preference information on the household’s actual choices. The resulting model provides information on the degree to which
the decision is the result of a bargaining process as well as information on the factors affecting bargaining power.
相似文献
Wiktor AdamowiczEmail: |
5.
Collective Models of Labor Supply with Nonconvex Budget Sets and Nonparticipation: A Calibration Approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Frederic Vermeulen Olivier Bargain Miriam Beblo Denis Beninger Richard Blundell Raquel Carrasco Maria-Concetta Chiuri François Laisney Valérie Lechene Nicolas Moreau Michal Myck Javier Ruiz-Castillo 《Review of Economics of the Household》2006,4(2):113-127
We suggest a methodology to calibrate a collective model with household-specific bargaining rules and marriage-specific preferences
that incorporate leisure externalities. The empirical identification relies on the assumption that some aspects of individual
preferences remain the same after marriage, so that estimation on single individuals can be used. The procedure maps the complete
Pareto frontier of each household in the dataset and we define alternative measures of a power index. The latter is then regressed
on relevant bargaining factors, including a set of variables retracing the potential relative contributions of the spouses
to household disposable income. In its capacity to handle complex budget sets and labor force participation decisions of both
spouses, this framework allows the comparison of unitary and collective predictions of labor supply reactions and welfare
changes entailed by fiscal reforms in a realistic setting (see Michal Myck et al., 2006; Denis Beninger et al., 2006).
相似文献
Frederic VermeulenEmail: |
6.
Family Financial Risk Taking When the Wife Earns More 总被引:4,自引:4,他引:0
Nancy Ammon Jianakoplos Alexandra Bernasek 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2008,29(2):289-306
This study investigates whether the relative bargaining power of spouses plays a role in explaining household financial risk
taking. Traditional models assume that household decisions are made based on pooled resources and common preferences. In contrast,
bargaining models hypothesize that household decisions depend on the relative bargaining power of spouses. According to bargaining
models, if women are more risk averse, then households should exhibit less financial risk taking as the bargaining power of
the wife increases. Results of an analysis of household financial risk taking in a sample of dual-earner, married households
from the 2004 Survey of Consumer Finances are more consistent with decision making based on pooled resources rather than on the relative bargaining power of spouses.
相似文献
Alexandra BernasekEmail: |
7.
This paper analyses the sustainability of family bargaining agreements by developing a non-cooperative game between two spouses
with symmetric preferences. To that end, we develop, by using a general utility function, a repeated non-cooperative game
involving two players with symmetric preferences, where the characterization of a Nash sub-game perfect equilibrium allows
us to demonstrate that the spouse with the greater bargaining power has a greater incentive to reach an agreement. This result
is also reproduced by using a particular example of linear preferences in consumption. However, the influence of the bargaining
power on the sustainability of a bargaining solution depends on the specification of the individual preferences, as well as
the degree of altruism between the spouses.
相似文献
José Alberto Molina (Corresponding author)Email: |
8.
This paper examines the structure and the main characteristics of the Chinese banking industry. In particular, the paper analyses
the problematic aspects of credit relations of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The SMEs are facing several problems in
accessing the bank loans market, dominated by the political and contractual weight of state-owned enterprises. However, some
recent reforms have improved the situation, a fundamental condition for additional positive results. Nevertheless, further
and more pervasive modernization efforts are needed to consolidate these results and to develop the relationships between
banks and SMEs.
相似文献
Rubens PauluzzoEmail: |
9.
Gerd Hanekamp 《Poiesis & praxis》2005,3(4):310-314
Business ethics of innovation strives to give orientation in settings where new products, new markets, new environments are predominant. The provision of new products and solutions is inseparably intertwined with the consequences of their use. These can be manifold and in some cases an (unwanted) consequence might even preclude them from being used. A case in point is illustrated by an example from the pharmaceutical industry.An earlier version of this paper appeared in the Newsletter No. 49, September 2004 of the Europäische Akademie GmbH, ISSN 1432–0150.
相似文献
Gerd HanekampEmail: |
10.
Debra Osnowitz 《Qualitative sociology》2007,30(4):459-479
The Freelance Editorial Association, founded in the 1980s, was an organization of editorial professionals working on contract.
Through its 15 years of operation, the organization developed a model of collective representation and sought to improve employment
practices and work relations for these contingent workers. Expanding through occupational networks, the association established
a program of services and a set of principles for advocacy, which it applied on behalf of members seeking resolution of disputes
with clients. The organization, however, proved unsustainable. Resource constraints, labor market structures, and the underlying
dynamics of occupational networks, which operated in the interests of clients as well as freelancers, undermined its model.
Although the association addressed many individual needs, it generated little leverage toward promoting collective interests.
Its efforts, however, offer caveats for the development of new models of collective representation.
Debra Osnowitz is Visiting Assistant Professor at the University of Massachusetts, Lowell. Her research interests include multiple forms of contingent work and their implications for organizations, occupations, and individuals. Her current project addresses contract professionals and the institutional arrangements that support their work. 相似文献
Debra OsnowitzEmail: |
Debra Osnowitz is Visiting Assistant Professor at the University of Massachusetts, Lowell. Her research interests include multiple forms of contingent work and their implications for organizations, occupations, and individuals. Her current project addresses contract professionals and the institutional arrangements that support their work. 相似文献
11.
In recent years, both Australia and New Zealand have embarked on significant labor market reforms which have resulted in more
decentralized and individualized systems of industrial relations. Although both countries share a common heritage of state-sponsored
conciliation and arbitration, which fostered a centralized approach to labor market regulation, each has responded in its
own way to economic and political pressures to reform its long-established industrial relations system. Despite differences
in the process of indusrial relations reform, both countries now have industrial relations systems which are more individualistic
and in which unions play a less significant role than in the past.
相似文献
Russell D. LansburyEmail: |
12.
The effects of sexual orientation and marital status on how couples hold their money 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marieka Klawitter 《Review of Economics of the Household》2008,6(4):423-446
Previous research has shown that intrahousehold bargaining power in different-sex couples affects household expenditures and
how families hold their money. This article examines the portfolio of bank accounts held by same-sex and different-sex couples
and its relationship to bargaining power and individual and relationship characteristics. Data from the U.S. Survey of Consumer
Finances suggest that married couples are much more likely to hold money jointly than are same-sex or unmarried different-sex
couples, even after accounting for the effects of other characteristics. However, many couples of all types hold money in
joint accounts and do so more often in longer term relationships and when rearing children. Proxies for bargaining power help
predict whether money will be held in individual accounts for unmarried different-sex and same-sex couples, but not for married
couples. These patterns could reflect greater matching of married couples on preferences or the effects of legal and social
institutions that differ by marital status and sexual orientation.
相似文献
Marieka KlawitterEmail: |
13.
Plurality rule is mostly criticized from being capable of choosing an alternative considered as worst by a strict majority.
This paper considers elections in which the agenda consists of potential candidates strategically choosing whether or not
to enter the election. In this context, we examine the ability of scoring rules to fulfil the Condorcet criterion. We show
for the case of three potential candidates that Plurality rule is the only scoring rule that satisfies a version of the Condorcet
criterion in two cases: 1) when preferences are single-peaked and, 2) when preferences are single-dipped.
相似文献
Bernardo MorenoEmail: |
M. Socorro Puy (Corresponding author)Email: |
14.
The comparison of the automobile industry in China and India allows us to shed light on the economic processes of emergence
at large. There is a stark contrast in the capacities of autonomisation and endogenisation of the sector in the two countries.
This contrast serves as an analyser of the relationships between the modes of sector opening and the paths of technological
catching-up that is at the core of the phenomenon of emergence.
相似文献
Joel RuetEmail: |
15.
The inverse plurality rule—an axiomatization 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Under the ‘inverse plurality rule’, voters specify only their least preferred alternative. Our first result establishes that
this rule is the only scoring rule that satisfies the minimal veto condition (MV). We then prove that the inverse plurality
rule is characterized by MV and the four well known conditions that characterize scoring rules; namely, Anonymity (A), Neutrality
(N), Reinforcement (RE) and Continuity (CO). Our new characterization result is related to the characterizations of approval
voting and of the widely used plurality rule. We finally show how the axiomatization of the inverse plurality rule can be
extended to the axiomatization of elementary scoring rules (vote for t-alternatives scoring rules).
We are indebted to two anonymous referees for their most useful comments.
相似文献
Eyal Baharad (Corresponding author)Email: |
Shmuel NitzanEmail: |
16.
Pamela Price 《Qualitative sociology》2006,29(3):301-316
The article explores political meanings in the context of recent economic and political changes in a village in south India.
Cultural constructions of political relations emerged in conversations between the author and village informants in Andhra
Pradesh. Informants perceived decline in the power and authority of former village lords and talked about the establishment
of authority in the new setting. In processes of democratization which had taken place, showing and receiving honor and respect
continued as political and social preoccupations. However, deserving honor and respect has become less a statement about political
superiority and domination and more about individual moral qualities.
相似文献
Pamela PriceEmail: |
17.
Judith P. Siegel 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2007,35(4):223-227
A case of attempted maternal-filial suicide is discussed from the perspective of trauma, emotional regulation and defense
mechanisms. Case details which include childhood sexual abuse, observed parental violence and emotional neglect allow for
an illustration of the impact of childhood family experiences on adult intimacy and coping patterns. Domestic violence and
the perception of protection are also explored. Emotional regulation in the experience of despair is approached from an object
relations perspective. Based on this, implications for prevention and treatment are presented.
相似文献
Judith P. SiegelEmail: |
18.
Collective and Unitary Models: A Clarification 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Martin Browning Pierre-André Chiappori Valérie Lechene 《Review of Economics of the Household》2006,4(1):5-14
In this note we identify and clarify a confusion that has arisen in the literature about the exact relationship between unitary
and collective models and what enters the Pareto weight and the sharing function. We suggest that we should denote as ‘unitary’
any model that leads to outcomes that satisfy the Slutsky conditions whether or not these outcomes depend on distribution
factors. In particular, income pooling is neither necessary nor sufficient for a unitary model. We also show that the presence
of prices or total expenditure in the sharing rule cannot be used as a test for a unitary model.
相似文献
Valérie LecheneEmail: |
19.
Orit Nuttman-Shwartz 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2007,35(4):237-244
One essential dilemma for modern clinical social work involves the relationship between the processes taking place inside
the self and the social, cultural, and political developments affecting a person from the outside. The group-analysis approach
focuses on four levels of relationships and communication within the group, among others a primordial level of shared myths,
archetypical images, and the collective unconscious as an important component of psychotherapy. This article describes group-analysis
therapy with women, analyzing a therapeutic process that used social myths to explore the formative institutionalization processes
participants had undergone, thereby expanding themselves, growing, and changing.
相似文献
Orit Nuttman-ShwartzEmail: Email: |
20.
Denis Beninger Olivier Bargain Miriam Beblo Richard Blundell Raquel Carrasco Maria-Concetta Chiuri François Laisney Valérie Lechene Ernesto Longobardi Nicolas Moreau Michal Myck Javier Ruiz-Castillo Frederic Vermeulen 《Review of Economics of the Household》2006,4(2):159-180
This paper proposes a comparison of the results of tax policy analysis obtained on the basis of unitary and collective representations
of the household. We first generate labour supplies consistent with the collective rationality, by use of a model calibrated
on microdata as described in Vermeulen et al. [Collective Models of Household Labor Supply with Nonconvex Budget Sets and
Nonparticipation: A Calibration Approach (2006)]. A unitary model is then estimated on these collective data and unitary and collective responses to a tax reform are compared.
We focus on the introduction of linear taxation in Germany. The exercise is replicated for other European countries and other
topical reforms. Distortions due to the use of a unitary model turn out to be important in predicting labour supply adjustments,
in the design of tax revenue neutral reforms, and in predicting a reform’s welfare implications.
相似文献
Denis BeningerEmail: |