我国农村社区卫生服务的现状与对策

农村社区卫生服务是我国卫生事业改革的重要课题,也是建设社会主义新农村的重要内容。经过近些年的努力,我国农村社区卫生服务取得了较大成绩,但仍然存在硬软件、资金、管理及服务内容不到位等方面的问题,基于当前现状,应着力从服务理念、政府主导功能、多元化资金渠道、信息化建设以及服务评估制度等方面加以完善。     

我国合作金融改革与农村社会保障问题探索

长期以来,人们忽视了合作金融与社会保障体系的制度性联系,这也是我国农村社会保障体系难以建立的原因之一。因此,我们有必要重新认识合作金融在我国农村社会保障体系中的重要地位,客观分析我国农村社会保障的发展困境与资金状况,探求深化合作金融改革与农村社会保障体系建设的基本对策,更好地为全面建设我国小康社会服务。     

“六大引擎”助推南昌农村敬老院驶上“快车道”

近日,南昌市人民政府出台以“健全资金保障机制,加快推动法人登记,努力增强服务力量,开展星级表彰活动”等为主要内容的进一步规范农村敬老院管理与服务工作的意见。提出“舒适、卫生、健康、和谐”的农村敬老院建设目标。其“六项举措”为推进全市农村敬老院建设标准化、工作队伍专业化、管理制度化和服务优质化提供了政策保障。     

农村敬老院建设笔谭：当前江西农村敬老院发展中亟待解决的问题

老龄化的到来是社会发展的必然趋势,而我国却“未富先老”。特别在广大的农村社区,老龄化所带来的一系列问题将给社会很大的压力。因此,作为应对老龄化重要力量的农村敬老院的建设显得十分迫切。近年来,江西省大力推进“敬老工程”,农村敬老院的硬件建设得到根本的改变。但是,敬老院的制度建设、人员配备、服务方式、资金筹集等问题成为老年社会工作的当务之急。     

社会工作方法在社区工作中的应用-以合肥市标准化示范社区建设为例

从我国社区建设的实践来看,社区社会工作包括社区服务、社区社会救助、社区卫生、社区治安和社区教育等五个方面的主要内容.本文立足于标准化示范社区建设的实践,运用社会工作的理论与方法,对当前社区工作中的工作方法进行了探讨.虽然专业性社会工作服务机构相对缺乏,但是很多社区工作者已经运用了诸多社会工作方法与技巧,为社会工作的本土...     

建立健全农村社会化养老服务体系

养老保障的基本标志不仅仅表现为储备必要的养老保险资金，而且还体现在社会化养老服务的发育程度上，兴建社会化养老服务和活动场所，是建立健全农村社会化养老保障体系的重要内容。我国从五十年代开始创办敬老院，形成社会化养老服务的雏形，为社会化养老服务打下了良好的基础。今后应以敬老院为依托，兴建农村养老社会化服务和活动的基础设施。然而，敬老院将成为农村社会化养老的主要服务和活动场所与现有敬老院数量少、容量小的矛盾；老人们日益增长的物质文化需要与敬老院设施简陋、资金贫乏的矛盾非常突出。必须在老龄化高峰期来临前…     

当前江西农村敬老院发展中亟待解决的问题

老龄化的到来是社会发展的必然趋势,而我国却"未富先老"。特别在广大的农村社区,老龄化所带来的一系列问题将给社会很大的压力。因此,作为应对老龄化重要力量的农村敬老院的建设显得十分迫切。近年来,江西省大力推进"敬老工程",农村敬老院的硬件建设得到根本的改变。但是,敬老院的制度建设、人员配备、服务方式、资金筹集等问题成为老年社会工作的当务之急。本专题以当前江西农村五保供养为例,从不同的侧面,对农村敬老院的发展问题进行了一些探讨。     

政府经济伦理视角下的中国农村资金外流问题研究

我国农村资金存在着严重外流问题，这会阻碍农村经济结构调整、增加农民负担、诱发正常金融业务的萎缩、加剧银行与-＆＇_lkN的矛盾、影响政府宏观调控能力。政府义利观的冲突是造成农村资金外流的重要原因。只有以现代政府经济伦理学为指导，强化政府服务职能、建立健全农村经济支持的体系建设，才能从根本上遏制农村资金外流，实现地区利益与全社会利益的协调统一。     

城镇化进程中农村公共阅读服务体系建设的创新路径

近年来农家书屋在全国农村广泛建立并发挥作用,农村的公共阅读服务也受到越来越多的关注.随着国家对城镇化进程的稳妥推进及对城镇化质量要求的不断提高,农村公共阅读服务体系建设面临巨大的机遇和挑战.国家投入大量的人力和资金,但不平衡不充分的问题仍然存在.深入了解农村阅读服务环境,掌握农民日益增长的阅读需要,以小城镇为服务主阵地,健全农村公共阅读服务网络,创新服务方式和内容,做好阅读推广人才队伍建设是构建农村公共阅读服务体系的进路所在.     

湖北洪湖市:农村幸福院项目建设全面铺开

正日前,湖北省洪湖市民政局争取到的中央资金资助农村幸福院项目建设已全面铺开。为把这件实事办好,该市民政部门将今年定为社会化养老服务推进年,在建设规模、覆盖面、政策保障方面加大了力度,对确定的60个村的中央资金资助项目采取"五项措施"全速推进。一是健全组织机构,成立农村幸福院建设领导小组。负责指导协调农村幸福院建设工作,各镇、村成立相应的领导机构;负责本辖区农村幸福院建设工作,领导小组下辖督导组、协调组、宣传组,工作     

Rural Victorian service provider responses to the National Disability Insurance Scheme

The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) has transformed the nature of funding available to health and human service organisations to provide services to people with disability in Australia. However, there is relatively scant literature on the rural implementation of the NDIS, particularly how rural NDIS service providers are affected by the NDIS. Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with 20 health professionals employed by rural providers, and analysed data using rural and remote health and organisational change frameworks to understand how rural providers were impacted by and responded to the NDIS. The findings suggest rural providers were impacted to differing extents and responded to the NDIS in different ways. Participants reported that disability and community health services were affected more than hospitals and private allied health practices. Impacted rural providers responded by changing the nature and types of services, service processes and their workforce, and redefining organisational characteristics. Impacted rural providers may require additional support to continue providing services, and those less impacted may require other incentives to better engage with the NDIS. Rural proofing of NDIS policy could reveal suitable supports and incentives to ensure rural people with disability can access required services.     

Chapter 17. Rural Mental Health

SUMMARY

Mental health services available in many rural communities are too limited in scope and availability to meet the needs of rural citizens. The future of mental health services for the rural poor will be impacted by state government decisions about Medicaid funding priorities. It is important that rural practitioners, especially those that work in the fields of mental health, health, and aging services, engage in advocacy for better coverage of the rural poor and low-income elderly persons. This chapter discusses issues of advocacy related to improving the provision of mental health services to older rural citizens as an important goal in the larger effort to expand and improve rural mental health service delivery throughout the nation.     

中国村级公共卫生服务供给研究——以政策环境为视角

以政策环境为研究视角,通过对中国村级公共卫生服务供给进行梳理,发现政策执行主体的责任意识得到强化,但也制约了政策实施效果;政策执行客体的满意度及获得感有所增强,但客体也影响了政策有效落地;政策外部环境得到改善,但政策普及任重而道远.为此,提出通过提升政策执行主体的履职能力、加强政策执行客体的认同感、优化政策的执行环境、改善政策的执行手段,以促进村级公共卫生服务供给不断优化.     

农村社区志愿服务发展的SWOT分析

近些年,社区志愿服务在国家民政部门的主导下取得了长足进展,农村社区志愿服务也逐渐丰富发展起来。当前农村社区志愿服务存在着农民参与意识不强,参与度低,"行政化"色彩浓厚,社会化水平低,制度体系不健全,服务水平偏低等问题。为了更好地促进农村社区志愿服务,应该坚持以人为本的原则不动摇,切实加强对农村社区志愿服务活动的指导和扶持,构建农村社区志愿者服务网络体系,建立健全农村社区志愿者队伍建设的制度体系,积极探索农村社工指导下的社区志愿服务模式。     

城市社区老人心理健康服务现状调查——来自重庆市主城社区的调查数据

以重庆市主城社区老人为调查对象,从老人的基本情况、心理健康状况、心理健康服务需求、心理服务支持系统等方面的调查数据进行详细分析,得出了家庭、邻里同辈群体是老人心理健康的重要支持系统、需要建立完善的城市社区老人心理健康服务体系等结论。     

Services for the Rural Elderly

This paper examines the interaction between social policy and community characteristics as they relate to the development of formal long-term care services for the rural elderly. A model for the conversion of policy opportunity into actual services for the rural elderly is presented. This model suggests that while social policy in rural areas is a constant, selected community level characteristics contribute to or impede service development.     

Enhancing Social Support for Migrant Families: A Case Study of Community Services in a Shanghai Urban Village and Implications for Intervention

Recent years have witnessed the growing emphasis of the Chinese central government to develop community services as a method of building communities and strengthening social solidarity. With the increased involvement of multi‐generation households in China's internal rural‐to‐urban migration, however, little is known about what community services are available for migrant families. Nor do we know much about how such services can enhance social support for migrants, which is crucial for their psychological well‐being in managing the ongoing challenges that arise from migration and further integration into cities. This article presents a case study conducted in Shanghai where social services are emerging in a few urban villages. We begin with a brief background on China's rural‐to‐urban migration and the emergence of urban villages, followed by a discussion of community services and social support for Chinese migrant families. We then document existing services in an urban village to explore how they can influence migrant families' social support. Drawing on the perspective of service providers, we highlight the effects social work interventions can have on improving social support for migrant families. Finally, we propose an intervention framework based on multi‐dimensions of social support, emphasizing an integration of formal and informal social support through community services for migrant populations.     

Providing mental health services to older people living in rural communities

Rural dwelling elders who experience mental health problems often have difficulty finding help since rural communities often lack adequate mental health service providers. This paper reports on the initial phase of a 5-year, interdisciplinary clinical research study that is testing the effectiveness of providing a home delivered, therapeutic psychosocial intervention, aimed at improving the emotional wellbeing and the quality of life of medically frail elders who live in rural communities. In the early phases of this study, the clinical research team encountered a number of interesting and often unanticipated challenges as it attempted to recruit study participants and provide services to them. In this article, we examine these challenges and share what we have learned so far about providing mental health services to elderly persons living in rural environments.     

社区残疾人服务现状调查——以武汉市为例

残疾人社区服务是残疾人服务体系的重要组成部分。掌握当前社区残疾人服务的状况是完善社区残疾人服务的重要环节。本文以武汉市36个社区为样本,从社区工作人员的专业认知情况、社区工作人员参与社区残疾人服务情况、社区实际提供的残疾人服务内容、残疾人对服务内容的反馈等方面进行了抽样调查,以期为政策的制定提供参考。