交通运输系统规划、协调与发展研究

本文对规划交通运输系统时所涉及的一些问题进行了说明,对交通运输系统协调所具有具体内容加以分析探讨,并对交通运输系统的可持续发展提出一些建议举措。     

浅谈智能小区控制系统设计及实施

介绍了智能小区控制系统的具体组成,描述了系统设计方法,并对系统各个组成部分的构成及功能进行了阐述。指出智能化的住宅小区将是今后的发展趋势。     

浅析数据挖掘系统的发展

简介了数据挖掘技术,按照系统功能和应用模式对数据挖掘系统的发展进行划分,对各个发展阶段做了详细描述,展示了数据挖掘系统的应用现状,归纳了目前研究面临的困难,并展望了未来的发展.     

网络还原卡在计算机实验室中的应用

高校计算机实验室普遍存在着机器使用密度大,应用软件类型繁多的特点,原有的硬盘还原技术给实验室管理带来工作量繁锁等较多的不便.考虑到既能充分利用实验室的网络设备,又能与原有的还原技术相结合,本文提出了采用网络还原卡作为计算机实验室的管理工具,并重点介绍了网络对拷功能和数据保护问题.应用中证明,它既保证了硬盘还原技术的性质,又利用网络批量解决的优势代替了原有单机还原的繁锁.实践证明采用网络还原卡明显加强了实验室管理能力,提高了工作效率.     

浅析数据挖掘系统的发展

简介了数据挖掘技术,按照系统功能和应用模式对数据挖掘系统的发展进行划分,对各个发展阶段做了详细描述,展示了数据挖掘系统的应用现状,归纳了目前研究面临的困难,并展望了未来的发展。     

网络还原卡在计算机实验室中的应用

高校计算机实验室普遍存在着机器使用密度大,应用软件类型繁多的特点,原有的硬盘还原技术给实验室管理带来工作量繁锁等较多的不便。考虑到既能充分利用实验室的网络设备,又能与原有的还原技术相结合,本文提出了采用网络还原卡作为计算机实验室的管理工具,并重点介绍了网络对拷功能和数据保护问题。应用中证明,它既保证了硬盘还原技术的性质,又利用网络批量解决的优势代替了原有单机还原的繁锁。实践证明采用网络还原卡明显加强了实验室管理能力,提高了工作效率。     

信息技术在供电营业厅管理中的应用

营业厅是供电企业的外在形象的“代言人”,提高供电营业厅整体服务能力和服务水平势在必行。因此,营业厅的信息化建设管理显得尤为重要,排队系统、自助缴费系统、评价系统、监控系统等信息技术在营业厅服务管理中的应用,不仅使客户享受到人性化的服务,也有效提升了营业厅的管理水平,展示全新的企业服务形象。     

供应链系统的复杂适应性及其仿真实现

从复杂适应系统的特征出发,论证了供应链系统是一个复杂适应系统.由于复杂适应系统的非线性和动态性等特点,运用传统的数理分析方法分析和研究复杂供应链系统显得有所不足,进而利用系统仿真工具Promodel软件建立了一个多级复杂供应链网络模型,通过仿真对该系统的运行进行了分析和评价.     

关于创新系统的比较研究

从学界的讨论来看,对创新系统的研究主要分为几个层面,如国家创新系统、区域创新系统、区域技术创新系统等。本文对这些层面的创新系统进行了比较讨论。认为,国家创新系统是在国家层次上推动创新的网络互动系统,体现国家战略目标和意志。区域创新系统是在区域层次上推动创新要素的发展与互动网络的形成,体现区域发展战略目标。区域技术创新系统则突出了在区域层次上推动以技术创新与发展区域专有技术为主的网络互动系统特性,是发展区域创新系统的基础性阶段。对于中国的各个区域而言,中国地方政府制度创新的空间较小,产业政策必然更多的是受国家政策的影响,区域创新系统宜突出其技术创新体系的特色。     

企业创新的系统观——SMB系统

本文介绍了利于企业创新的SMB系统。儒家思想讲求人的精神、思想、身体的统一和谐,而企业可以视为具有强烈目的性的生命体,因此,这一思想也适用于企业。据此我们定义了企业的SMB(精神,思想,身体)系统。精神系统可进一步区分为深层组织和表层组织。深层组织利于突变型创新,而表层组织利于渐变性创新。最后,本文强调了应从系统的视角进行企业的创新。     

SME internationalisation process: Key issues and contributions,existing gaps and the future research agenda

The literature that studies internationalisation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), despite being only recent, has already become very extensive and fragmented, taking different approaches and contributing across diverse facets of internationalisation. There is also a need to analyse and systematise those issues that have received the attention in the field of SME internationalisation. This study aims to develop a systematic literature review on SME internationalisation. We correspondingly make recourse to the Web of Science and Scopus database, and analyse a total of 366 articles, spanning the period from 1995 to 2017, to identify the core issues and contributions made by the existing literature. The results enable the categorisation of the existing literature into three main areas of research: i) Internationalisation process, ii) Specific factors/variables influencing internationalisation; and iii) Internationalisation and performance. This structuring then establishes the grounds for grasping the gaps existing in the literature and to propose a future research agenda.     

The virtue of courage: From historical European roots to current management studies

This article discusses the concept of courage – stemming from the ancient European traditions of this virtue – systematically analyzing 45 management studies that deepen the role of such virtue in business organizations. From the analysis, three major themes emerge: 1) the concept of courage in organizations, 2) the concept of moral courage in organizations, and 3) the concept of collective courage of organizations. Moreover, findings show that management research on the virtue of courage has progressed over the years and that – notwithstanding its strong European roots – the studies involved in the conversation are mainly not based in Europe. The contribution of this article is threefold. First, it sheds light on a still under-researched virtue, pointing out its relevance in business contexts. Second, it clearly highlights that a shift is occurring in scholars' interest, as an organizational and collective perspective of moral courage is slowly emerging. Finally, it shows that management scholars mainly embrace Aristotle's view of the virtue of courage, discarding the Christian approach introduced by Aquinas.     

A dynamic perspective on the resilience of firms: A systematic literature review and a framework for future research

This study aims to answer the following research question: how is the resilience of firms defined in the business and management field? In doing so, we answer recent calls for research about a more thorough conceptualisation of the resilience of firms and its definition. We conducted a systematic literature review of 66 selected papers published between 2000 and 2017. By means of inductive content analysis, we analyse the definitions of ‘resilience’ and elaborate a novel conceptual framework that introduces a dynamic perspective on the resilience of firms. The proposed framework overcomes existing definitional fragmentation and raises awareness of the temporal dimension in the conceptualisation of the resilience of firms. We contribute to extant business and management literature on the resilience of firms by proposing a model that articulates two main paths for explaining organisational resilience, i.e. absorptive resilience and adaptive resilience paths. We also identify a set of key capabilities needed to be successfully resilient at the different stages of the two paths.     

Measuring the leanness of manufacturing systems—A case study of Ford Motor Company and General Motors

In spite of the vast research published on lean manufacturing systems in several disciplines in the last decade, the concept remains underdeveloped for two reasons. First, it lacks a generally accepted definition. Different authors define lean in terms of its objectives, which vary, overlap and differ in different firms. Second, no study has developed a systematic and relative measure of lean production systems. With the lack of such a measure, two companies cannot be rated objectively on their progress toward becoming lean. This paper has two goals: first, to define manufacturing leanness as a unifying concept, and, second, to develop a systematic, long-term measure of leanness. Manufacturing leanness is a strategy to incur less input to better achieve the organization’s goals through producing better output. The systematic measure of leanness has seven characteristics: relative, dynamic, long-term fuzzy logical, objective, integrative and comprehensive. The leanness measure utilizes the fuzzy-logic methodology since lean is a matter of degree. Applying the measure to compare the production leanness of Ford Motor Company and General Motors, the paper selects Honda Motor Company as the benchmarking firm. Selecting just-in-time (JIT), Kaizen, and quality controls as lean attributes, the paper uses surrogates for these attributes extracted from audited financial statements over the years 2001–2003. The results show that Ford’s system is more than 17% leaner than GM’s system vis-à-vis the benchmarked company’s system.     

Systematic search as a source of technical innovation: An empirical test

The objective of the study is to increase the probability of identifying venture ideas with commercial potential. To accomplish that objective, we test competing search theories. Historically, the commonly accepted approach to discovery has been alertness, a state of heightened awareness during which one engages in boundaryless search. An emerging approach is constrained, systematic search, which is the application of rigorous search techniques within domains where an entrepreneur is most knowledgeable. We conduct an experiment in which we randomly assign 60 information technology professionals into 2 groups to evaluate these competing search theories. The findings suggest that systematic search is superior to alertness in discovering commercially viable innovations. We also found that systematic search may have pedagogical promise.     

A new framework of firm-level innovation capability: A propensity–ability perspective

One of the critical topics in contemporary innovation management literature concerns what constitutes innovation capability (IC) at the firm level. There have been many attempts to conceptualize and operationalize this capability. Still, they either fail to discriminate the elements that characterize IC or to present consistent, comparable elements across distinct models or frameworks. This paper reports the results of a systematic approach to formulate a firm-level IC framework. To do so, the authors conducted an extensive systematic literature review, screened 19,589 papers, and analyzed in detail 186 documents that directly address empirical or theoretical elements of IC. The researchers cross-analyzed these papers for direct and indirect references to ICs (and related concepts, such as innovation orientation, innovation competence, and innovativeness) and generated thematic categories. We drew on a hybrid approach moving between inductive and deductive coding and theme development. We adopted an ex-ante theoretical perspective of the propensity/ability axis built upon the willingness–ability approach and the dynamic capability lens. The proposed synthetizing framework is coherent with Teece’s (2014) ordinary and dynamic capabilities. It comprises two sets of elements: on one hand, structural and contextual antecedents that characterize an organization's propensity toward innovation and, on the other hand, actions and resource-related capacities that act as causal mechanisms that, articulated within functions—sensing, seizing, and transforming—constitute the ability to generate innovation.     

A systematic review of executive coaching outcomes: Is it the journey or the destination that matters the most?

In this article, we focus on a specific type of personal and professional development practice -executive coaching- and present the most extensive systematic review of executive coaching outcome studies published in peer-reviewed scholarly journals to date. We focus only on coaching provided by external coaches to organizational members. Our purpose is twofold: First, to present and evaluate how executive coaching outcome studies are designed and researched (particularly regarding methodological rigor and context-sensitivity). Secondly, to provide a comprehensive review of what we know about executive coaching outcomes, what are the contextual drivers that affect coaching interventions and what the current gaps in our understanding of coaching practice. On that basis, we discuss and provide a research agenda that might significantly shift the field. We argue that methodological rigor is as important as context-sensitivity in the design of executive coaching outcome studies. We conclude with a discussion of implications for practice.     

Management innovation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of past decades of research

Managerial innovation has gained increased popularity in research and practice because of its positive effects on organisational renewal and performance. Regardless of the growing number of studies on management innovation, there is still a lack of research that integrates and synthesises this body of knowledge. This study undertakes a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to gain insight into existing empirical studies on management innovation. Our content analysis and review of 66 studies from 1981 to 2017 analyses the trends and background of research into management innovation. In addition, we develop a model of management innovation grounded in selected theoretical lenses to advance our understanding of the different drivers, moderators, mediators and outcomes of management innovation. Results of the meta-analysis show that management innovation is positively related to organisational size (r_c = .282), knowledge management (r_c = 0.608), organisational learning (r_c = 0.692), firms’ overall performance (r_c = 0.393), and financial performance (r_c = 0.269). Finally, we have identified several research gaps and provided a future research agenda in the context of managerial innovation.     

Societal effects of social media in organizations: Reflective points deriving from a systematic literature review and a bibliometric meta-analysis

Social media provides its users with uninterrupted access to information for a variety of matters. On the one hand, social media helps people to express themselves freely and access various content, thus, forming a global view. On the other hand, social media may easily lead individuals to form polarized attitudes by impacting their behaviour in various contexts (e.g., organizational contexts). Such contradiction cannot be neglected. It is found to be an essential societal phenomenon that needs further investigation. The study first aims at realizing how existing literature of different domains analyse and conceptualize the effects of social media. Then, it leverages such societal effects on organizations. A total of 231 articles were used for a systematic literature review (SLR) and bibliometric meta-analysis on this topic and were further analysed with VOSviewer software. The study organizes the existing literature on this topic and provides issues, perceptions, and theories that are used to explain the effects of social media in society, and then it reflects on the potential impact on organizations.