中小企业发展战略问题探讨

一、中小企业发展战略选择 在经济全球化、知识经济、可持续发展的全新背景下,特别是由于信息技术的快速发展,企业的经营环境和竞争环境都发生了很大变化,实践要求企业战略理论要有所突破,甚至要重建战略思想.针对中小企业的发展特点,可考虑的战略有以下几点.     

企业成本领先战略和差异化战略融合的分析

当今,全球经济一体化及全球信息化进程加快,使企业间的竞争越来越激烈,面对激烈的竞争和快速变化的市场,企业要想依靠单一的竞争战略采维持长期的竞争优势变得越来越困难,成本领先战略与差异化战略并不总是相互冲突的.企业为了能适应激烈的竞争,采取成本领先战略与差异化战略相结合的战略显得十分必要.     

区域一体化战略、社会网络与商业信用——基于京津冀一体化的证据

区域一体化战略对微观企业行为的影响及作用渠道是事关中国经济高质量发展的重要问题，但学术界尚未有深入研究.本文以京津冀一体化国家战略的实施为研究场景，从企业商业信用的微观视角检验了区域一体化这一正式制度推行对社会网络这一非正式制度作用发挥的替代性影响.基于京津冀“区域内非本地”的综合社会网络关系研究发现，区域社会网络较低的上市公司在一体化政策全面实施后所获得的商业信用显著提升，且结果主要体现在信息不对称较高的企业，竞争程度较弱的行业和供应链依赖度低的企业，以及更多地体现在无高管政治关联、高管兼任网络中心度较低的企业和工作网络类型中.结论表明区域一体化政策有助于系统性降低整个市场的交易成本，从而改善营商环境，为区域一体化战略支持经济高质量发展提供了微观机制检验，从而也为粤港澳、长三角等区域一体化国家战略的实施提供了政策启示.     

浅谈行政后勤管理

随着社会的进步和知识经济的不断发展,企业越来越认识到了进行行政后勤管理的重要性。企业要想在竞烈的竞争中不断做强做大,除了要有雄厚的资金、过硬的产品、先进的生产技术外,科学、系统、人性的行政后勤管理机制也是必不可少的。俗话说:"粮草未动,兵马先行",企业行政后勤工作的好与坏关系着整个企业的正常运转和企业的经营效益。     

高校后勤社会化的财务管理

近几年,高校的后勤改革逐步推进,而后勤社会化改革的最终目标是实现高校后勤服务的社会化,即后勤实体等同于社会企业的运行规则和管理标准.     

加速无形资产积累提升企业竞争实力

随着全球经济一体化进程的加快,我国所有企业面对的是一个全新的竞争环境.企业之间的竞争已不仅停留在有形资产的竞争,而且更多的表现在无形资产的竞争.     

论煤炭企业后勤管理工作

正煤炭企业属于劳动密集型企业,所需劳动力较多,而后勤管理工作是一个企业工作的重要组成部分,因此后勤管理工作在煤炭企业里面显得尤为重要,它在企业的管理和发展中具有基础性和保障性的重要作用。本文结合笔者的工作,分析了煤炭企业后勤管理工作中存在的问题,并提出了对策。煤炭企业后勤管理工作的重要性     

基于HSE模式石油后勤企业管理研究

HSE管理体系是国际石油天然气工业为减轻和消除石油天然气工业生产中可能产生的健康、安全与环境方面的风险,保护人身安全和生态环境制定的一套系统的管理办法。本文将HSE模式引入石油的后勤企业管理中,通过分析HSE管理模式,给出了HSE模式在石油后勤企业管理中的应用,为相关研究奠定了基础。     

建设“数字后勤” 提高医院后勤管理水平

随着社会主义市场经济的不断完善与发展,人民的生活水平也得到了相应的提高,对于社会保障和福利有了更多的要求。在这种情况下,医疗系统也需要随之不断地完善,特别是对医院的后勤管理在很大程度上都必须要加强。基于此,本文将从建设"数字后勤"入手,深入探讨如何在短期内提高我国医院的后勤管理水平,完善医疗系统。     

对企业知识多元化战略的理论思考

该文通过对企业知识多元化战略的内涵、动因和发展途径的分析,反映了实施知识多元化战略对企业技术创新能力和竞争优势的影响,以期能够对企业实施多元化战略产生重要的理论指导作用,增强企业在全球市场一体化和知识化过程中的竞争优势.     

国际物流系统运作研究

国际物流的发展与经济全球化密切相关。国际物流跨越不同国家和地区,与国内物流相比,具有特殊性。国际物流系统一端联结着生产,另一端联结着消费,是一个复杂开放的运作系统。国际物流系统运作要对国际物流进行系统整合、系统分析和系统管理。国际物流中心是国际物流系统运作的集中区,发挥着集散、控制和协调等核心作用。     

A model for reverse logistics entry by third-party providers

Reverse logistics has become an important entity in the US economy. Nonetheless, many companies are not capable of or are unwilling to enter the reverse logistics market. Such reluctance appears to be attributed to lack of knowledge of reverse logistics. This paper reviews current industry practices in reverse logistics. Specifically, we examine the issues and processes that an organization has to address to engage in the reverse logistics business. A reverse logistics decision-making model is developed to guide the process of examining the feasibility of implementing reverse logistics in third-party providers such as transportation companies. The purpose of this model is to help those companies who would like to pursue reverse logistics as a new market. A field study was conducted with a larger US transportation company to validate the proposed model.     

金融危机、竞争战略与财务绩效——基于中国物流上市公司的研究

在测算上市物流公司财务指标属性重要度和综合财务绩效的基础上,研究了不同时期2种竞争战略与综合财务绩效的关系.首先采用有序信息表、粗糙集理论序信息系统约简算法对38家上市物流公司的19个财务指标进行约简,分别得到12个(2005年)和11(2009年)个指标.在序意义下,金融危机前现金能力指标最为重要,危机后营运能力指标的权重升至第一.研究发现,无论危机爆发前还是爆发后,上市物流公司实施低成本战略总是有利于财务绩效改善的.     

The role of absorptive capacity and innovation strategy in the design of industry 4.0 business Models - A comparison between SMEs and large enterprises

Technological innovations often lead to redesigns in the business models of established companies, requiring them to incorporate new external knowledge into internal activities. Against this background, this study integrates the concepts of business model design, absorptive capacity, and innovation strategy into a novel research model, which analyzes the redesign of established business models in response to the emergence of Industry 4.0. Industry 4.0, also known as the Industrial Internet of Things, constitutes a contemporary research context that is highly relevant for corporate practice but scarcely regarded in management literature until now. The article contains an analysis of data from 221 German industrial enterprises, conducted through structural equation modeling, with separate data for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and large enterprises. First, the results indicate that the acquisition, assimilation, transformation, and exploitation of knowledge from the environment enable companies to engage in both exploratory and exploitative innovation strategies. Furthermore, the paper includes an evaluation of the role of exploratory and exploitative innovation strategies that reflects in efficiency-centered and novelty-centered business model designs. The distinct characteristics differentiating SMEs from large enterprises are also explained. The implications of absorptive capacity on innovation strategies, which influence the redesign of extant business models, are discussed from a research and managerial perspective.     

Issues in end-of-life product recovery and reverse logistics

There is a fundamental shift in waste management responsibility from the private waste management industry and local governments towards manufacturers, distributors, and retailers. In recent years the responsibility of manufacturers has been extended to cover the entire life of certain products. This also includes responsibility for the products safe disposal. As the enforcement of environmental legislation becomes more stringent and an increasing number of customers are demanding take-back of their old products, companies are beginning to focus on possible distribution channels for the return of their products i.e. reverse logistics. The aim of this paper is to examine the emerging issues in reverse logistics, in particular the information requirements for reverse logistics within the Extended Enterprise. A study of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) will illustrate the specific information flow between the key players within the automotive industry. This paper addresses the initial development of possible distribution channels, their key operational decisions and supporting information systems for the recycling of end of life products.     

Green logistics management and performance: Some empirical evidence from Chinese manufacturing exporters

The value chain of many business enterprises is increasingly required to demonstrate the profitability of their primary activities, starting from inbound logistics to operations, outbound logistics, marketing sales, and finally to services. The adoption of green logistics management (GLM) presents an opportunity for Chinese manufacturing exporters to competently respond to the escalating expectation of the international community for resources conservation and to achieve environmental performance profitably. This study makes several important contributions to the literature on managing logistics with environmental considerations. First, the authors identify the components of GLM: (i) procedure-based practices, (ii) evaluation-based practices, (iii) partner-based practices, and (iv) general environmental management practices. Second, they relate GLM to environmental and operational performance in a developing country context. Third, they identify the institutional and operational antecedents that prompt the adoption of GLM by export-oriented manufacturing enterprises in China. Fourth, they examine the moderating effect of environmental regulatory pressure on the GLM-performance linkage. The results are based on a survey of manufacturing exporters in China. The commonly held view that economic motivation is related to the adoption of GLM is not supported. However, GLM positively affects both environmental and operational performance, and regulatory pressure enhances the GLM-performance relationship.     

第三方物流企业市场导向度对绩效影响的实证研究

本文以重庆市第三方物流企业为样本,借鉴Narver和Slater设计的市场导向问卷,就第三方物流企业的市场导向度对绩效的影响进行了实证研究。结果表明,样本企业已经具有中等水平的市场导向度,市场导向对企业绩效有积极影响,第三方物流企业的顾客导向和职能部门间组织协调与企业绩效正相关,竞争者导向对企业绩效的影响不显著。中国第三方物流企业实施市场导向战略是必要的,但基于环境和行业发展的独特性,在实施市场导向战略时要具有自己的特色。     

A strategy for third-party logistics systems: A case analysis using the blue ocean strategy

One of today's most frequently discussed topics in the business world is how to escape from the intense Red Ocean and how to create an uncontested Blue Ocean. However, because there are few practical guidelines available on this topic, we will introduce a case study of a third-party logistics (3PL) provider, CJ-Global Logistics Service (CJ-GLS), to show how it aspires to be a leader in the newly introduced 3PL industry in South Korea. CJ-GLS is a latecomer in the logistics industry, and its resources, such as the number of trucks and warehouses, are relatively small in comparison to those of established companies. But, it has achieved a distinct competitive advantage through innovative information technology (i.e., RFID—radio frequency identification), which has enabled it to create an uncontested market space, electronic logistics business. One remarkable fact about CJ-GLS is that its swift growth comes not from attracting competitors’ customers from the existing Red Ocean market but from creating a Blue Ocean market (3PL market), which previously existing incumbents ignored, and also from constructing a new business model founded on a RFID-based, ubiquitous-oriented 3PL system. Analyzed through a Four Actions Framework and characterized as Blue Ocean, this case study provides valuable information on how a company reinforces its competitive advantage from the Red Ocean while it transitions into a Blue Ocean by utilizing advanced information communication technologies.     

PSS business model conceptualization and application*

The discussion about business models has gained considerable attention in the last decade. Business model frameworks have been developed in the literature as management methods helping companies to comprehend and analyse their current business logic and guide the deployment of new strategies. In response to calls for a deeper understanding of the application of a business model approach to product-service systems (PSS), this study develops a two-level hierarchical framework that (i) includes a set of components with pertinent, second-order variables to take into account when undergoing the shift from products to solutions; (ii) supports industrial companies, especially SMEs, in designing their future business model and in consistently planning the actions needed to implement it. The framework was applied and refined within real-life settings. The application to KINE – a robot solutions supplier – shows how key challenges faced by servitization firms may be thoroughly addressed through the adoption of a business model perspective.