唐代的廊下食与公厨

廊下食，又名廊餐、廊食、常食；公厨，又称官厨，指朝廷各部寺监及地方州那衙门自设的食堂，二者均是唐政府为维持国家机器正常运转。提高官吏责任心的一种优崇措施。因史料散乱，史界对此问题的研究还甚为薄弱，本文力足搜求散见各处的史料，对唐代廊下食与公厨的沿革、作用、食料来源诸问题试作探讨，以期使该问题的研究更进一步，并就教于方家。     

姜薯复配代餐粉的配方优化与血糖生成指数评价

以姜薯粉、黑豆粉、魔芋粉、枸杞粉、绿茶粉为主要原料,通过正交试验,考查了不同配料比对姜薯代餐粉感官评分的影响.正交试验结果表明,姜薯代餐粉的最佳配比为姜薯粉47％、黑豆粉23％、魔芋粉15％、枸杞粉10％、绿茶粉5％,感官评分达到89分.在此配方条件下,分析了代餐粉的营养特性.结果表明姜薯代餐粉具有低能量、高蛋白、高膳...     

当美味沦落为"垃圾"

消费产生垃圾,照理,垃圾是不洁之物,人人见而避之,闻而躲之.将如此污秽的东西作为"食物"实在闻所未闻,振聋发聩.我们要说的当然不是真正的垃圾,而是"垃圾食品",这些食物虽无垃圾之形,却含垃圾之实,对身体有百害而无一利,比作"垃圾"很贴切.     

绕阳湾的船餐

正小时候,一碗打卤面就能让我们像头小猪似的急不可耐,现在的我们则很难在食物面前展露贪吃的笑颜。在果腹早已不是吃饭之目的的今天,在品味大餐美味也已不算事儿的当下,我们若还是执意要以食物来哄哄自己,那非得要有就餐方式与就餐环境的完美配合不可。盘锦绕阳湾的船餐,刚好能成全这个。鱼在船上炖熟了菜色的多样性并非绕阳湾船餐所长,让它引以为傲的是食材的顶极新鲜。清一色的河鲜,河鱼、河虾、河蟹、河蚌,都由张亚镇带头在当天捕来,绝不过夜。伙房的厨     

代餐减肥真这么神奇?

最近,各色代餐食品又火得一塌糊涂,特别受上班族和减肥人士的推崇.代餐食品之所以"火",是因为和减肥搭上了关系,比如代餐粉、代餐棒、代餐汤、代餐奶昔等,代餐饼干也是众多代餐食品中的一种. 所谓代餐,从字面意思上讲就是取代部分或全部正餐的食物,能够快速、便捷地为人体提供大量的各种营养物质.     

中美城市生活垃圾的计费法比较研究

生活垃圾收费是促进垃圾量减少和资源回收,推动垃圾处理产业化的重要经济工具.中国城市生活垃圾计量与收费问题是国内学术界近年来争论的焦点之一.美国在城市生活垃圾收费方面所采用的按排计费法从法律保障、类型多样灵活及符合市场经济规律等方面,为中国城市生活垃圾计量与收费提供了一个理想模式,对中国城市生活垃圾收费制度的改善,提供了重要的借鉴意义.     

《苦闷的象征》与西方文化思潮

厨川白村的传世名著《苦闷的象征》（以下简称《苦》），是日本现代文艺心理学的开山之作。它与西方的心理学、哲学、美学有着明显继承关系，但不是简单的承袭，而是进行了改造和融铸，形成了独到的见解。本文意在理清《苦》与西方文化思潮的具体关系，希望厨川对西方文化的态度能给我们某些启发。　　没有弗洛伊德的精神分析心理学，就不会有《苦》，这并非夸大其词。《苦》不仅多次提及精神分析心理学，而且在揭示人间苦和文艺的关系时，先引用介绍它，作为自己的理论铺垫，甚至整个论述过程始终未脱离它。厨川主要接受、吸收了精神分析心…     

吉林省农村垃圾治理模式研究

文章在对吉林省农村垃圾治理现状实地调研的基础上,综合阐述吉林省农村垃圾主要来源、分类,现行垃圾治理模式、组织方式,以及村民垃圾治理的观念、态度,结合我省实际情况,围绕“治理理念”、“治理技术”“机构设置”、“法律法规”四个方面,提出在我省具有可行性的“整体性治理”模式,以期实现保护生态环境、减少垃圾污染、生活垃圾资源化的目标。     

寒风中的拾荒者

居住的小区不是全封闭的,常有骑着自行车的拾荒者进来,围着垃圾箱翻掏,捡一些可回收的东西去卖钱.我家楼下正好有只垃圾箱,去扔垃圾时常会碰上他们,一来二去的也熟了,就会打上个招呼. 进入初冬后,每个双休日在小区散步或去扔垃圾时,总会见到这些拾荒者为生计忙碌着.在寒风中,或是看到他们骑着自行车远去的背影,或是见到他们半身探入垃圾箱内,正在翻掏着垃圾的身影.     

中秋销售火爆 厨王鸡餐桌受宠

刚出锅的厨王鸡,冒着热气,还未靠近便让人感受到沁人心脾的阵阵药材香味,让人顿感食欲大增,排队购买者络绎不绝,这是发生在今年中秋节当天大润发、家世客、家乐福、国货等岛城几十家卖场的厨王鸡热卖现场的一景。据统计,仅中秋节当天,我市各大卖场的厨王鸡现场热卖专柜共售出厨王鸡11200余只,销售量最大的大润发店达到了日销售1000余只的纪录,创下了厨王鸡日销售量的最高纪录。     

The Nazi rag-pickers and their wine: the politics of waste and recycling in Nazi Germany

This article offers a first attempt to examine systematically the politics of waste and recycling in the Third Reich, one of the first modern states to articulate ‘zero waste’ as a political goal. It presupposes that waste, both in its material realities and its everyday representations, offers a powerful guide to any society's implicit order. With respect to Nazi Germany, the suggestion that such presumably neutral materials as trash, waste and garbage order social relations has particularly sinister implications. Focusing on scrap collectors and salvaging practices inside Germany and in Nazi-occupied Europe, this article argues that waste management and recycling were integral to the Nazi racial order and crystallized as central strategies to administer the chaos of war. Hundreds of thousands of volunteers in party, industry and society performed their loyalty and re-imposed order by collecting paper, bottles, metal scrap, kitchen garbage, rags and bones with the explicit goal of closing the energy cycle, extending the Reich's resource base and increasing the regime's war-making capabilities. In pursuit of these goals, the Nazi state attempted not only to conquer its many enemies but also to erase the evidence of its own proliferating military setbacks. These efforts notwithstanding, the reclamation of waste did not have the power to reverse the fortunes of war. The Nazi politics of zero waste recycled chaos instead.     

新城镇居民城市融入过程中的文化消费研究

新城镇居民在融入城市的过程中,存在一定的文化需求与文化消费问题。文化是新城镇居民融入城市的桥梁。调查显示,新城镇居民人均月文化消费支出约为117元,约占其月平均收入的4?1％,不论是文化消费额还是文化消费支出与月收入之比都偏低。同时,新城镇居民文化消费存在一定的个体差异,居住地文化设施、新城镇居民身份认同、身体健康状况也对其文化消费产生显著影响。其中,市民身份认同既是影响文化消费的因素也是以文化消费促进新城镇居民城市融入的中介变量。因此,从有利于新城镇居民城市融入的角度出发,一方面要从文化本身出发加强公共文化服务供给;另一方面要跳出文化审视文化消费,尤其是要培育新城镇居民的身份认同。     

The Role of Social Distrust in Risk-Benefit Analysis: A Study of the Siting of a Hazardous Waste Disposal Facility

Distrust of social institutions is becoming an important component of risk communication and policy analysis. To assess the impact of social distrust on decision making, we examine the role of distrust of information sources on the willingness to accept a hazardous waste disposal facility in one's neighborhood. Using a prospective-reference utility model, distrust of information sources is analyzed a possible influence on individual choice in a risk-benefit tradeoff. Using contingent valuation survey data on the siting of a hazardous waste disposal facility, we find that respondents are particularly distrustful of both governmental officials and waste disposal businesses. We find that social distrust increases the perceived risk of a facility and influences the likelihood of accepting a referendum to site a hazardous waste disposal facility. The level of compensation offered in the contingent valuation scenario also is found to influence a respondent's risk perception.     

繁荣发展广西少数民族文化事业的若干思考

少数民族文化是中华民族文化的重要组成部分。繁荣发展少数民族文化事业,是扎实推进社会主义文化强国建设的重要内容。结合党的十八大关于社会主义文化强国建设的精神,在总结党的十六大以来广西少数民族文化建设经验的基础上,联系实际,实事求是地分析制约广西少数民族文化事业发展的瓶颈问题,并对如何进一步繁荣发展广西少数民族文化事业进行了深入思考。     

地域文化对户县农民画艺术的影响

户县农民画具有鲜明的地域文化特征,它的诞生与发展受当地自然地理环境、历史文化、区域民俗文化、社会生活环境以及生活习惯等因素的影响,形成了纯朴、古拙、粗犷、强烈的艺术特色,它主要以户县美丽的田园风光、逼真的农家生活和丰富的传统民俗等为元素,多以主观性的构图、夸张的造型、强烈的色彩进行画面的表达,增添了画面的装饰性与趣味性,从而使其成为一枝耀眼夺目的艺术奇葩。     

试论培植当代中国法治文化的基点和路径

市场经济、民主政治和法治文化是实现法治的基础性条件。中外法治的实践充分表明,法治文化作为社会文化的重要组成部分,存在着不同的培植、生成模式。如何立足于我国国情、传统与民情,培育出既符合法治的共性,同时又具有中国特色的法治文化是建设中国特色社会主义法治的现实性课题。     

论和谐视阈下我国的大学文化建设

大学文化是大学建设发展的文化土壤，是大学间相互区分的基本标识。建设和发展优秀大学文化已经成为现代大学核心竞争力的重要组成部分。然而长期存在的主题性、结构性、组织性、建设性等难题严重制约了我国大学文化的建设和发展，损伤了大学文化在引领大学发展进程中的前沿地位和应有价值。以和谐理论指引大学文化建设、消弥矛盾与冲突，将是我国大学文化建设的一个必然的路径选择。     

The Effect of Family Structure on Female Labor Participation – Empirical Analysis based on the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

Using 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study baseline data, this paper examines the effects of family structure on labor force participation. In consideration of the possible endogeneity provoked by family structure, we constructed regression models with instrument variables. Intergenerational co‐residence significantly decreases women's labor force participation by 14%, while it has no effect on men's labor supply. One potential reason for this result is residential circumstance. As it is custom to live with elderly parents in multi‐generation families in China, adult women often share the burden of all housework and are responsible for elderly care; thus, cohabiting with parents seems to have negative effects on female labor participation. On the contrary, Chinese culture dictates that men do not spend as much time as women on housework, thus, the probability of working in the labor market is not influenced by residential circumstance. If women were freed from housework responsibilities, the implication is that their participation in the labor force would increase.     

“I Am So Glad That I Am a Group Worker”

This article explores the ominous consequences of the profession of social work and its schools’ gradual drift away from a long tradition of valuing practice and education that is community based and addresses private troubles and public issues. A series of pointed questions are offered that suggest what needs to happen to reverse course, in schools of social work, against the currents of corporatism and crude individualism infecting our politics, economy, social relations, and broad culture. The article concludes with a “modest proposal for the free school of social work.”     

菠菜人华考

菠菜原产伊朗即古波斯，大约于唐贞观年间经由尼泊尔人传入我国，现在是中国厨房的一种常见蔬菜。菠菜初名菠覆或波棱，这是一个西域国名颇陵的音译。菠菜在唐代栽培不广，文学作品没有表现，只在农书和本草类书籍中有记载。唐诗之所以没有提到菠菜，是因为菠菜在唐代始终是一种小众的菜蔬，食用者只是本草学家、炼丹服丹者、苦于面毒的人以及一些境况不佳的农民。宋代以后，随着菠菜的广泛栽培，地方志开始著录它，菠菜也开始出现在文人诗歌中，并被赋予了凌霜耐寒的坚忍品质，再加上苏轼、苏过父子等名家的题咏，就使得菠菜在中国的饮食文化中占据了一方小小的天地。