基于作业成本法的供应链利益分配模式构建

供应链管理通过建立供、产、销及客户间的战略合作伙伴关系,来最大程度的减少内耗与浪费,以实现供应链整体效率的最优来获取利润。为了维持供应链的稳定和效率,供应链成员企业间需要建立一种公平、公正的利益分配机制。本文力图从供应链成本归集和风险角度来建立供应链利益分配模型,来探讨供应链的整体利益分配问题。     

供应链企业合作协同的博弈分析

供应链管理的关键是节点企业间的战略合作,但是企业的短期行为会使合作陷入困境.通过对所构建的博弈模型进行重复博弈分析,证明了只要博弈双方以长期利益为目标,合作才是最优战略,同时也说明了供应链企业间建立长期合作伙伴关系的可能性与必然性.     

浅析供应链管理中的冲突及其对策

供应链企业间的冲突是供应链管理的重要组成部分,是许多企业多年来一直在思考的问题。本文从分析了供应链的冲突的基本特征、产生冲突的影响因素以及解决冲突的对策。     

供应链的信息共享机制研究

现在企业间的竞争实际上是供应链的竞争,信息共享是实现供应链管理的基础,关系到供应链的整体效益。本文通过对供应链节点企业缺乏信任而导致信息不共享的问题进行分析,提出供应链信息共享的激励策略和信任合作机制。     

供应链集成的新思路:管理界面集成

管理界面作为管理集成的基本问题,可以表示供应链中结点企业间具体的联系方式。通过管理界面集成原理分析,提出了供应链管理界面集成的三种模式,不仅为供应链集成研究提供了新的思路,还为供应链管理的整体哲学思想增添了新的内涵。     

浅谈现代企业诚信供应的作用

在现代供应链管理中,为了使整个供应链达到最优以获得更大的利益,必须对供应链进行整合,而合作关系的建立和发展是以信任关系为基础的。分析了信任在供应链中对于企业间合作关系的重要作用,对供应链企业间的信任机制的构建作了细致的探讨。     

目标成本管理下制造商与供应商之间的委托代理关系

在一个由制造商和供应商组成的供应链实施目标成本管理时,必须考虑成员企业间的目标成本传递问题。由此引发制造商和供应商的委托代理关系、建立委托代理机制以及目标成本管理对这种关系的影响。     

供应链质量管理中抽样检验决策的非合作博弈分析

保证产品质量是建立与维护供应链企业间长期稳定合作关系的重要基础.本文提出一种供应链质量管理中抽样检验决策的非合作博弈模型,以分析供应链的下游制造商应如何根据供应商产品的质量水平确定其抽检方案.仿真结果表明,供应链背景下抽检方案不同于单个企业各自优化的制造商抽检方案.考虑供应链企业间互动关系的抽检方案与不考虑这种关系的独立抽检方案相比,能有效降低抽样成本,并使供应商和制造商获得更大的期望收益.     

供应链的内部竞争与外部竞争及相互转化

沃尔玛给人们留下印象最深刻的,是它的一整套先进高效的物流和供应链系统。时下,企业大多关注如何有效地进行供应链管理,如何加强供应链中各个节点企业间的合作。但在供应链中各个节点企业之间、各供应链之间是否存在竞争?这些问题往往被企业所忽略。     

供应链企业间的知识管理研究

随着知识经济时代的到来,知识管理成为供应链管理的核心内容。本文探讨了供应链中的知识管理的含义,分析了供应链企业间的知识共享模式,并提出了基于知识共享的供应链管理的实施策略。     

基于采购商投资的双源采购与供应商定价决策

随着供应链的全球化发展,供应链成员企业的合作越来越紧密。许多采购商通过直接对供应商投资提高供应的可靠性或降低采购成本。本文研究双供应商-单采购商的两级供应链中采购商投资、供应商定价以及采购商采购决策。在此供应链中,供应商和采购商之间存在先后决策的Stackelberg博弈,供应商之间存在同时决策的贝特兰德博弈。本文考虑异质供应商,即供应成本与稳定性存在差异,接受采购商投资后两者的改进效应也不同,建立了采购商投资、供应商定价、采购商采购三阶段博弈模型,基于凸优化理论和博弈分析方法对问题进行分析,并应用邻域搜索的自适应差分计划算法对问题进行求解。研究了供应链成员企业的最优均衡决策,分析供应成本、供应稳定性以及投资改进效应对最优均衡决策的影响。     

加征关税下的跨国供应链决策及补贴策略研究

本文讨论加征关税视角下的供应链决策及补贴策略问题。基于本国制造商、分销商与国外进口零售商所组成的三级跨国供应链,分别讨论了政府不补贴、政府补贴下的供应链决策,研究加征关税和补贴对供应链的影响,并分析保持产品销售价不变补贴策略(I)、保持制造商利润不变补贴策略(II)及社会福利最大化补贴策略(III)的效应。结果表明,加征关税导致产品销售价增大和本国企业批发价、供应链各企业利润及社会福利的降低,但政府提高补贴使得产品销售价减小和供应链各企业利润增大,而社会福利随着补贴的增大先增大后减小。随着加征关税税率及补贴的增大,供应链更多地表现为补贴的作用,补贴能有效减小加征关税的影响。在较低关税税率下,策略(III)激励产品出口作用显著,但政府补贴支出过高;策略(II)相较策略(I)激励效果更显著,但补贴支出更大。在较高关税税率下,策略(II)更能激励制造商出口,策略(I)以较低的补贴支出激励制造商出口,更有利于维持国际市场稳定。     

基于税盾效应的供应链贸易信用融资优化决策研究

针对中小企业融资困境的现实，本文基于贸易信用融资模式，引入税盾效应，建立了由单一核心供应商和单一经销商组成的含税盾的贸易信用模型，探讨有融资需求的经销商进行订货、核心供应商定价的决定策略，探究不同计息方式的价值实现和融资模式优选。通过stackbelberg博弈、比较分析和算例验证，研究发现以订货量确定为基准，融资需求出现的时点对供应链企业计息方式的选择均有影响。税法关于利息抵扣上限、贸易信用贷款利率、订货量等均影响经销商计息方式的选择，融资额度影响其订货策略；生产成本的差额、定价策略影响供应商的计息方式。     

A network-based approach to integrated supply chain design

The inherent complexity of supply chains, combined with their economic importance, has prompted research in supply chain management. While there has been a significant amount of work reported in modelling supply chains, the effectiveness of these models in addressing the complex area of supply chain management is questionable. What is giving added urgency to the need for research in this area are the recent developments in communications that offer the promise of connecting suppliers, assemblers and customers in a seamless network of information that can form integrated supply chain management. This paper aims to address the deficiency in modelling by proposing a methodology that models the integrated supply chain as an abstracted network, called a Trans-Net. The Trans-Net approach offers three main potential advantages. First, the multiple participants in a supply chain can be modelled without undue complexity. Second, it is an approach that allows users to examine the interactions between different considerations so that important attributes such as cost and lead-time can be readily calculated and bottleneck areas identified. Third, it applies a mathematical formalism to the problem, with the potential of being relatively straightforward to computerize.     

具有激励特征的供应商动态评价方法

在建立供应链合作关系之前,对供应商的评价、选择是企业的重要决策问题之一.本文首先提出了一套评价供应商的指标体系,并在应用一种无需一致性检验的方法G1法的基础上,提出具有激励特征的供应商动态评价方法,体现对不同时期供应商业绩改善的激励,以促进供应商不断提高业绩,更好地加强制造商与供应商的合作关系.     

Supply chain contamination: An exploratory approach on the collateral effects of negative corporate events

The present work investigates the impact of negative events on supply chain partners. Through a contextualised discussion of the literature on supply chains and on the efficient market hypothesis, it is proposed that negative events negatively impact the market value of suppliers and customers. Following an exploratory approach, 307 companies (21 source companies, 158 suppliers and 128 customers) comprehending 20 cases of environmental disaster, corporate social irresponsibility, operational failure, corporate fraud and corruption were analysed. Results show that in 12 out of the 20 cases investigated supply chain partners indeed had their market value penalised, encompassing, to a greater or lesser degree, all five categories of cases considered. Yet, while both suppliers and customers absorbed the outcomes of negative events, suppliers seem to be at greater risk of sustaining such losses. Likewise, cases in which the source companies were also negatively affected seem to be slightly more prone to cause losses among suppliers and customers. In this sense, the concept of supply chain contamination is coined to address the observed outcomes. The study offers new insights into the applicability of the efficient market hypothesis and contributes to the assessment of the dissemination of negative events in supply chains, a theme that, despite its potential detrimental consequences for firms and stakeholders, has not yet been sufficiently treated in the Management literature.     

Supply‐Chain Research Opportunities with the Poor as Suppliers or Distributors in Developing Countries

Many social enterprises and some companies have developed supply chains with the poor as suppliers or distributors to alleviate poverty and to create revenues for themselves. Such supply chains have created new research opportunities because they raise issues fundamentally different from those examined in the existing operations management literature. We report this phenomenon of supply chains with the poor as suppliers or distributors in developing countries and identify operations management (OM) research opportunities. We also provide some stylized models to serve as potential seeds for modeling‐based research in this area.     

Drivers and Enablers That Foster Environmental Management Capabilities in Small‐ and Medium‐Sized Suppliers in Supply Chains

The limited capabilities and resources available within many small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises frequently hamper an effective response to environmental pressures, which in turn hurts large buying firms (i.e., customers). Using a case study method with multiple suppliers of two large buying firms, we mapped factors that initiated and improved environmental capabilities in small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises over time. Through several specific mechanisms, buyers' green supply chain management initiated and then enabled the improvement of suppliers' environmental capabilities. Independent of buyers, internal championing of environmental concerns also provided an impetus for small‐ and medium‐sized enterprise suppliers to acquire resources outside the supply chain. Thus, synergistic linkages emerged in supportive buyer‐supplier relationships, resource acquisition, and capability development. When these findings are combined with earlier research on larger suppliers, an integrative framework emerges that provides direction for suppliers, buyers, and public agencies seeking to improve environmental performance.     

考虑努力水平和决策风险偏好的供应链期权销量担保模型

对销售商和供应商组成的简单两级供应链,在供应链参与企业的风险偏好影响其决策选择,以及在需求随机并受销售商营销努力水平影响的市场环境下,建立了基于销量担保期权的供应链契约模型。提供了一种基于期望损失的期权定价方法,分析了努力水平和决策风险偏好双重因素对参与企业的决策及其供应链协调的影响。研究表明在考虑努力水平和决策风险偏好差异时,单纯的期权销量契约无法实现供应链协调。为此,引入收益共享和努力成本共担策略,对原契约模型加以修正。在修正契约中,当收益共享比例和努力成本共担比例满足一定条件时,修正的期权销量担保契约可以实现供应链协调。最后,提供了一种模型优化分析方法,并通过案例分析说明了研究结论的有效性。     

基于讨价还价模型的持股型供应链最优订货与定价策略研究

论文分析了风险规避型供应商和制造商组成的供应链系统，为了降低供应的不确定等因素，通过制造商投资供应商并持股的方式降低供应链的整体风险。构造均值-方差模型刻画制造商和供应商的风险偏好特征，并通过构建纳什讨价还价模型分析供应商和制造商的交易谈判过程。论文证明了纳什讨价还价模型存在唯一的均衡合同，并对均衡合同进行了比较静态分析，提出了可供实践企业参考的管理启示。