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1.
Greg Piper Sylke V. Schnepf 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2008,19(2):103-124
The predominant part of the literature states that women are more likely to donate to charitable causes but men are more generous
in terms of the amount given. The last result generally derives from the focus on mean amount given. This article examines
gender differences in giving focusing on the distribution of amounts donated and the probability of giving using micro-data
on individual giving to charitable causes for Great Britain. Results indicate that women are generally more generous than
men also in terms of the amounts donated. Quantile regression analysis shows that this pattern is robust if we take into account
gender differences in individual characteristics such as household structure, education, and income. The article also investigates
differences in gender preferences for varying charitable causes. Results are presented separately for single and married people,
highlighting the very different gender patterns of giving behaviour found in the two groups.
相似文献
Sylke V. SchnepfEmail: |
2.
Real option theory suggests that individual migration may be delayed beyond the Marshallian trigger since the option value
to waiting may be sufficiently positive in the face of uncertainty. In this paper we present a model where a multi-member
family is the decision- making unit. Therefore, migration may now be partly driven by the desire to diversify the location
of family members in order to reduce income risk. Our two-period model incorporates both the option and the portfolio motive
as the triggers determining family’s optimum timing of migration. The optimum delay before migration is shown to depend on
the uncertainty parameters of the model including risk aversion and income volatility. We use aggregate Canadian data on immigrant
visa issuance and landing to capture average waiting period for migrants from Hong Kong.
相似文献
Lieng HuaEmail: |
3.
People’s connection to land is an important contributor to identity in traditional southern society. In small southern communities,
to know where someone lives is to know who someone is because place assigns biography. Studies have investigated the physical
and economic implications of landscape change in the South, but comparatively little research focuses on the impacts to culture
of urban growth. We consider how sense of place (as an indicator of culture) may be impacted, over time, by physical and structural
changes in a locale. This point of departure examines the temporal dimension of sense of place, or how place perceptions may
vary as familiar places and practices are altered by landscape moderations. We review the literature on sense of place and
changing Southern landscapes and also offer a conceptual framework for analyzing sense of place over the long-term.
相似文献
Wayne C. ZippererEmail: |
4.
David S. Loughran Ashlesha Datar M. Rebecca Kilburn 《Review of Economics of the Household》2008,6(3):223-242
The theoretical and empirical literature on parental investment focuses on whether child-specific parental investments reinforce
or compensate for a child’s initial endowments. However, many parental investments, such as neighborhood quality and family
size and structure, are shared wholly or in part among all children in a household. The empirical results of this paper imply
that such household parental investments compensate for low endowments, as proxied by low birth weight.
相似文献
M. Rebecca KilburnEmail: |
5.
Plurality rule is mostly criticized from being capable of choosing an alternative considered as worst by a strict majority.
This paper considers elections in which the agenda consists of potential candidates strategically choosing whether or not
to enter the election. In this context, we examine the ability of scoring rules to fulfil the Condorcet criterion. We show
for the case of three potential candidates that Plurality rule is the only scoring rule that satisfies a version of the Condorcet
criterion in two cases: 1) when preferences are single-peaked and, 2) when preferences are single-dipped.
相似文献
Bernardo MorenoEmail: |
M. Socorro Puy (Corresponding author)Email: |
6.
Towards a Theoretical Ethnography of Migration 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
David Fitzgerald 《Qualitative sociology》2006,29(1):1-24
Ethnographers' long-standing interest in migration has taken on new significance as researchers grapple with globalization
on the ground. Building on the transnationalism literature, I explore how recent appeals to use local archival work and revisits
to achieve historical depth can be applied fruitfully to ethnographies of migration. I argue for multi-sited fieldwork in
countries of migrants' origin and destination and the removal of national blinders so that both domestic and international
migrations are brought into the same frame for comparison. Finally, I amend the extended case method by arguing for the engagement
of case studies with theoretical research programs in ways that attend to the representativeness of the case. The utility
of these strategies is demonstrated with examples from the migration literature and five years of ethnographic fieldwork among
Mexican migrants.
相似文献
David FitzgeraldEmail: |
7.
We study and compare equilibrium platforms in models of unidimensional electoral competition with two and four policy motivated
parties. We first analyze the plurality game, where the party getting the most votes is elected and implements its proposed
platform. Restrictions on the set of credible announcements are needed to get existence of equilibria. Comparing equilibria
with two and four parties, we obtain that moderate parties react to the introduction of extreme parties by proposing the same
or more extreme equilibrium platforms. We then study the proportional system, where the policy implemented is a weighted sum
of the proposals, with the voting shares as weights. Here, the existence of extreme parties leads moderate ones to choose
more centrist platforms. We finally test the robustness of our results with respect to, first, the enlargement of the strategy
space to entry decisions and, second, to asymmetric distributions of voters' blisspoints.
相似文献
Georges Casamatta (Corresponding author)Email: |
Philippe De DonderEmail: |
8.
Winston T. H. Koh 《Social Choice and Welfare》2005,25(1):207-220
We present a general framework to study the project selection problem in an organization of fallible decision-makers. We show
that when the organizational size and the majority rule for project acceptance are optimized simultaneously, the optimal quality of decision-making, as determined by the decision criterion, is invariant, and depends only on the expertise of decision-makers. This result clarifies that the circumstances under which the decision-making
quality varies with the organizational structure are situations where the organizational size or majority rule is restricted
from reaching the optimal level. Moreover, in contrast to earlier findings in the literature that the hierarchy and the polyarchy
are generally sub-optimal structures, we show that when the size, structure and decision criterion are simultaneously optimized,
the hierarchy and the polyarchy are in fact the only possible optimal organizational structures when decision-making costs are present.
相似文献
Winston T. H. KohEmail: |
9.
The economics of gay and lesbian couples: Introduction to a special issue on gay and lesbian households 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article presents a simple conceptual framework integrating three couple-related outcomes analyzed in this volume: wage
differentials in earnings related to couple formation, household formation (including cohabitation and registration as Registered
Domestic Partnership), and intra-household allocation of income. It also discusses some of the articles’ main findings.
相似文献
Lisa K. Jepsen (Corresponding author)Email: |
10.
The inverse plurality rule—an axiomatization 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Under the ‘inverse plurality rule’, voters specify only their least preferred alternative. Our first result establishes that
this rule is the only scoring rule that satisfies the minimal veto condition (MV). We then prove that the inverse plurality
rule is characterized by MV and the four well known conditions that characterize scoring rules; namely, Anonymity (A), Neutrality
(N), Reinforcement (RE) and Continuity (CO). Our new characterization result is related to the characterizations of approval
voting and of the widely used plurality rule. We finally show how the axiomatization of the inverse plurality rule can be
extended to the axiomatization of elementary scoring rules (vote for t-alternatives scoring rules).
We are indebted to two anonymous referees for their most useful comments.
相似文献
Eyal Baharad (Corresponding author)Email: |
Shmuel NitzanEmail: |
11.
Most analysis of intrahousehold decisions has been conducted using aggregate revealed preference data where preferences of
individual agents are never observed, only the household consumption outcomes are observed. We examine household behavior
in a bargaining framework by combining stated preference information from individual members of the household with revealed
preference information on the household’s actual choices. The resulting model provides information on the degree to which
the decision is the result of a bargaining process as well as information on the factors affecting bargaining power.
相似文献
Wiktor AdamowiczEmail: |
12.
Daniel Sieber 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2008,36(4):333-340
Absent fathers are often excluded from the treatment of their children for various reasons. They are often marginalized by
mothers, and unintentionally excluded by clinicians. Absent fathers are also excluded from treatment in fear that their presence
might undermine the competencies of single mothers, which social service agencies serve to empower. This article will discuss
the potential benefits of including absent fathers in family therapy, and how to work with them once engaged in treatment.
相似文献
Daniel SieberEmail: |
13.
We examined the role of human capital in determining economic well-being and marital status of mothers with children. We analyzed
1996 data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), a nationally representative survey of 36,700 American
households conducted by the Census Bureau. The results indicate that among the human capital variables postsecondary education
significantly improves the economic well-being of mothers irrespective of their marital status. Also, educated mothers are
more likely to be married. These findings are especially relevant as we debate the importance of marriage in poverty alleviation.
相似文献
Jeoung-hee KimEmail: |
14.
This paper analyzes gendered social identity in Japan and the United States, countries with comparable postindustrial economic systems but distinct cultural traditions. Using national surveys (1995), we find gender differences in value orientations to be neither systematic nor consistent. They often disappeared after controlling for demographic and human-capital variables, though not so often for Japan. Other variables proved more important predictors of values than gender, although in different ways in Japan and the United States. We conclude by reassessing the use of the term gender in social research and the cultural meaning of gender relations by addressing the feminist concerns with issues of gender location.
相似文献
Tania LeveyEmail: |
15.
This paper analyzes nature protection by a social planner under different ‘utilitarian’ social welfare functions. For that purpose we construct an integrated model of the economy and the ecosystem with explicit consideration of nonhuman species and with competition between human and nonhuman species for land and prey biomass. We characterize and compare the efficient allocations when social welfare is anthropocentric (only consumers have positive welfare weights), when social welfare is biocentric (only nonhuman species have positive welfare weights) and when social welfare is nonanthropocentric (all species have positive welfare weights). Not surprisingly, biocentric social welfare calls for suspending all economic activities. It is more important, however, that both anthropocentrism and nonanthropocentrism make the case for nature protection through different channels, though. Our analysis suggests that one may dispense with the concept of nonanthropocentric social welfare provided that in the anthropocentric framework the consumers' intrinsic valuation of nature is properly accounted for.
相似文献
Thomas Eichner (Corresponding author)Email: |
Rüdiger PethigEmail: |
16.
Judith P. Siegel 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2007,35(4):223-227
A case of attempted maternal-filial suicide is discussed from the perspective of trauma, emotional regulation and defense
mechanisms. Case details which include childhood sexual abuse, observed parental violence and emotional neglect allow for
an illustration of the impact of childhood family experiences on adult intimacy and coping patterns. Domestic violence and
the perception of protection are also explored. Emotional regulation in the experience of despair is approached from an object
relations perspective. Based on this, implications for prevention and treatment are presented.
相似文献
Judith P. SiegelEmail: |
17.
Parenthood and Commitment to the Legal Profession: Are Mothers Less Committed than Fathers? 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
Jean E. Wallace 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2008,29(3):478-495
This research examined the relationship between parenthood and career commitment. Karasek’s (Administrative Science Quarterly 24:285–308, 1979) Job Demand-Job Control Model was used as a theoretic framework for hypothesizing the relationships between work and family
demands, job control and social support and parents’ career commitment. Questionnaire data from a sample of practicing lawyers
with children were used to test this model. The results show fathers generally reported more work demands than mothers; whereas,
mothers reported more family demands than fathers. Job control and social support did not moderate relationships between work
and family demands and parents’ career commitment. Perhaps the most surprising finding of this study, contrary to assumptions
in the literature and the workplace, was that mothers practicing law are significantly more committed to their careers than fathers. This paper closes by discussing possible explanations for these findings.
相似文献
Jean E. WallaceEmail: |
18.
Cynthia J. Cranford 《Qualitative sociology》2007,30(4):361-381
The literature recognizes the need for unions to change their strategies in order to organize women but whether these strategies
reinforce or undermine gender inequality is insufficiently examined. An ethnography of the Los Angeles Justice for Janitors
movement demonstrates how women can mitigate unequal gender relations tied to social reproduction through unions. Secondary
documents, participant observation and in-depth interviews with Latina/o immigrant janitors and with union staff show how
women janitors constructed a union motherhood that undermined the invisibility and devaluation of caregiving generally performed
by women. As they moved into union leadership, women worker leaders made caregiving more visible in union practice and recognized
its value in the way they framed a broader unionism for the family. Attention to how unions contend with social reproduction
extends our understanding of the consequences of union renewal for gender inequality.
Cynthia Cranford is an Assistant Professor of Sociology. She is the co-author of Self-Employed Workers Organize: Law, Policy and Unions (McGill-Queens University Press) and has published articles in Social Problems, Gender & Society and other journals on the intersection of economic restructuring, immigrant labor and gender. She is currently doing research on the restructuring of home care in Toronto. 相似文献
Cynthia J. CranfordEmail: |
Cynthia Cranford is an Assistant Professor of Sociology. She is the co-author of Self-Employed Workers Organize: Law, Policy and Unions (McGill-Queens University Press) and has published articles in Social Problems, Gender & Society and other journals on the intersection of economic restructuring, immigrant labor and gender. She is currently doing research on the restructuring of home care in Toronto. 相似文献
19.
Richard A. Mackey 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2008,36(3):225-234
This paper presents ideas for understanding the self that is responsive to contemporary trends in professional practice. In
addition to psychosocial factors, which have been associated historically with the practice of clinical social work, the paper
integrates neurobiological factors into the discussion. The intent of the paper is to offer practitioners a conceptual framework
for thinking biopsychosocially about clients. The framework underscores diagnostic understanding as the basis for the choice
of specific interventive modes and techniques, and the centrality of a therapeutic relationship as the vehicle through which
a new sense of self may emerge for clients.
相似文献
Richard A. MackeyEmail: |
20.
This article explores the specific context of a single event criminal assault, (i.e., a stranger non-sexual assault that occurred
during a robbery) and shares the theoretical framework that successfully guided the clinician’s assessment, treatment planning,
and interventions. Based on a literature review and employing a case study, this article presents the potential norms of trauma
aftermath following a single event non-sexual criminal assault. It provides an overview of those theoretical frameworks that
have consistently proven effective with this population; this article shares the rationale for selecting cognitive trauma
therapy and illustrates its application to an assault survivor.
相似文献
Nancy L. BeckermanEmail: |