“开放经济下的国际商贸中心城市发展——2013广州报告会”会议综述

为探索在新型城市化和上海自由贸易试验区建设背景下，广州如何进一步推进国际商贸中心城市建设，由广东外语外贸大学广州国际商贸中心重点研究基地（以下简称基地）主办、《城市观察》杂志社协办的“开放经济下的国际商贸中心城市发展——2013广州报告会”，     

以国际商贸中心引领广州国家中心城市建设的战略研究

无论从历史传承还是从现实条件看,＂国际商贸中心＂都应作为广州现阶段经济发展和都市化进程的核心引擎。选择和实施以国际商贸中心引领广州城市可持续发展的战略,不是简单重复过去＂重商主义＂的老路,而是以现代流通为引领适应经济全球化的趋势,这不仅是广州基于历史传承、发展阶段和比较优势的必然选择,也是广州主动承担＂国家使命＂、贯彻扩大内需战略以及代表国家参与国际竞争的大势所趋。     

“开放经济下的国际商贸中心城市发展——203广州报告会”会议综述

正为探索在新型城市化和上海自由贸易试验区建设背景下,广州如何进一步推进国际商贸中心城市建设,由广东外语外贸大学广州国际商贸中心重点研究基地(以下简称基地)主办、《城市观察》杂志社协办的"开放经济下的国际商贸中心城市发展——2013广州报告会",于2013年12月14日在广东外语外贸大学召开。会议围绕开放经济下的国际商贸中心城市发展的主题,就自由贸易试验区、中心城市辐射     

广州建设粤港澳大湾区国际商贸中心的思路与对策探析——基于国际商贸中心城市竞争力视角

广州建立粤港澳大湾区国际商贸中心对"贸易强国"建设和"粤港澳大湾区建设"具有重要意义。首先详细分析广州建立粤港澳大湾区国际商贸中心的现状,剖析存在的问题,然后对珠三角9市进行国际商贸中心城市竞争力测评,通过比较分析进一步明晰广州面临的挑战,认为广州需从加强基础发展保障、打好产业创新基础、疏通对外联通渠道三个层次入手,通过打造粤港澳大湾区国际商品贸易集散中心、服务贸易示范中心、跨境电商联通中心、贸易创新培育中心、贸易服务扩散中心和综合交通枢纽中心,推动建成粤港澳大湾区国际商贸中心。     

广州建设国际商贸中心城市研究

在新时期、 新形势下,广州城市发展面临动力不足的严重挑战,也迎来了增长动力重构和发展方式转换的战略机遇期,建设国际商贸中心城市,是基于千年商都历史基础,维持城市竞争力的重要体现与战略选择.     

“开放经济下的国际商贸中心城市发展”研讨会在广州举行

正2013年12月14日,由广东外语外贸大学广州国际商贸中心重点研究基地主办、《城市观察》杂志社协办的"开放经济下的国际商贸中心城市发展――2013广州报告会"在广东外语外贸大学召开。来自广州市委宣传部、广州市委政策研究室、广州市政府研究室、广州市发展和改革委员会、广州市经济贸易委员会、广州市社会科学规划办、广州市社会科学界联合会、广州市对外贸易经济合作局等政府部门领     

构建广州国际商贸中心研究——基于现代服务业的视角

现代服务业是商贸业生产的主要中间投入来源,也是现代商贸业发展的保障。无论是从广州目前的服务业发展现状,还是从未来广州构建国际商贸中心的走势来看,大力发展现代服务业都是广州构建国际商贸中心的必要前提。未来广州国际商贸中心从本质上来讲应是一个发达的现代服务业体系。     

反思与批判:广州离国际商贸中心有多远——基于政府政策目标与实际绩效偏离的深层思考

广州是全国唯一商脉不断传承的"千年商都",具有客源多、商场多、商品多、商人多、体验多等特色优势,拥有足够优越的自然和地理条件、足够强大的商流和物流基础、足够好的商业文化和商业氛围、足够多的商业机会以及足够多的商业人才等一系列有利条件,是全国唯一具备创建世界一流国际商贸城市各种条件的国家中心城市。那么,广州为建设国际商贸中心提出了哪些政策目标?实际绩效如何?文章提出以繁荣大众商业为切入点,以培育和扶持本地商贸企业及商人群体为突破口,以打造世界一流的商贸产业链为主线,抢抓"一带一路"和"自由贸易区"建设两大机遇,早日建成真正的国际商贸中心。     

建设国际商贸中心目标下广州会展产业加快发展问题研究

作为现代商贸流通业的重要组成部分之一，广州会展产业加快发展，是实现现代商贸流通业快速发展，推进国际商贸中心城市建设的必然要求。本文通过对广州会展产业现实基础、比较优势、制约因素和政策措施的分析和思考，认为尽管存在着不利条件和外部竞争，广州会展产业的加快发展是可以实现的。     

“开放经济下的国际商贸吣城市发展”研讨会在广州举行

2013年12月14日，由广东外语外贸大学广州国际商贸中心重点研究基地主办、《城市观察》杂志社协办的“开放经济下的国际商贸中心城市发展……2013广州报告会”在广东外语外贸大学召开。来自广州市委宣传部、广州市委政策研究室、广州市政府研究室、广州市发展和改革委员会、广州市经济贸易委员会、广州市社会科学规划办、广州市社会科学界联合会、     

Abstinence versus Moderation Goals in Brief Motivational Treatment for Pathological Gambling

The present study examined the nature and impact of participant goal selection (abstinence versus moderation) in brief motivational treatment for pathological gambling via secondary analyses from a randomized controlled trial. The results demonstrated that the pattern of goal selection over time could be characterized by both fluidity and stability, whereby almost half of participants switched their goal at least one time, over 25 % of participants selected an unchanging goal of ‘quit most problematic type of gambling’, almost 20 % selected an unchanging goal of ‘quit all types of gambling’, and approximately 10 % selected an unchanging goal of ‘gamble in a controlled manner.’ The results also demonstrated that pretreatment goal selection was uniquely associated with three variables, whereby compared to participants who selected the goal to ‘cut back on problem gambling’, those who selected the goal to ‘quit problem gambling’ were more likely to have greater gambling problem severity, to have identified video lottery terminal play as problematic, and to have greater motivation to overcome their gambling problem. Finally, the results demonstrated that goal selection over time had an impact on the average number of days gambled over the course of treatment, whereby those with abstinence-based goals gambled significantly fewer days than those with moderation-based goals. Nevertheless, goal selection over time was not related to dollars gambled, dollars per day gambled, or perceived goal achievement. The findings do not support the contention that abstinence-based goals are more advantageous than moderation goals and are discussed in relation to the broader alcohol treatment literature.     

Eight‐Month‐Old Infants Infer Unfulfilled Goals,Despite Ambiguous Physical Evidence

In this study, we tested whether 8‐month‐old infants could infer an actor's unfulfilled goal, despite some physical information present in the displays being inconsistent with the attempted goal. Infants saw a human hand holding a ring repeatedly approach the top of a plastic cone in an apparent failed attempt to place the ring on the cone. The hand and ring then bounced away from the top of the cone toward the floor. Thus, some information presented was relevant to the goal (the motion toward the goal, the afforded relationship between the ring and the cone, and the repeated attempt), but some of it was irrelevant to the goal (the movement away from the goal). Infants were presented with 2 test events: 1 that was consistent with all the trajectory information but inconsistent with the goal, and 1 that was consistent with the goal. Eight‐month‐olds looked longer to the trajectory‐consistent event, suggesting they were able to infer the goal despite the physical ambiguity. Infants who had not been habituated to the failed attempt or who saw a matched inanimate control did not show this pattern, suggesting that infants in the first year of life actively and selectively analyze the unfulfilled goal‐directed behavior of others.     

Goal Orientation and Performance of Family Businesses

Family businesses consist of family members pooling their resources together to achieve a particular goal for the family business. The objectives of this study were to profile the characteristics of the family businesses and business owners by owners’ goal orientation and to examine the influence of goal orientation on family business performance. The mean differences in values of business size, business age, and business liabilities were statistically significant by owners’ goal orientation. The major findings of this study suggest that owner goal orientation had a statistically significant effect on business performance. Specifically, setting a business goal such as growth or a positive reputation with customers had a significant and positive impact on family business performance.     

Metacognitive confidence: A neuroscience approach

Abstract

Power leads to action and facilitates goal pursuit. The present study examines the joint effects of power and action demands on the ability to maintain the pursuit of goals. It is proposed that the power advantage in goal pursuit is particularly pronounced when goal striving requires high level of activity. Participants were assigned to a powerful or a powerless role and pursued a goal either in a passive or in an active self-regulatory mode. Level of activity affected powerless but not powerful participants: powerless participants gave up goal pursuit earlier when the level of activity required to maintain the goal was high (i.e., showed the typical passive-option effect), whereas this was not the case for powerful participants. The implications of these findings are discussed.     

Goal Ambiguity and Organizational Performance in U.S. Federal Agencies

In spite of numerous observations that government organizationshave high levels of organizational goal ambiguity that exertmajor influences on their other characteristics, few researchershave measured goal ambiguity and tested these frequent assertions.In previous research, we developed measures of four dimensionsof goal ambiguity: mission comprehension ambiguity, directivegoal ambiguity, evaluative goal ambiguity, and priority goalambiguity. Confirming hypotheses developed from the literatureon public organizations, the latter three variables showed relationsto such organizational characteristics as organizational age,financial publicness (proportion of funding from governmentallocations), and regulatory status. This article reports asecond analytical step of examining the relations between thegoal ambiguity dimensions and indicators of organizational performancebased on responses to the 2000 National Partnership for ReinventingGovernment Survey of federal employees. The performance variablesincluded managerial effectiveness, customer service orientation,productivity, and work quality. Regression analyses with numerouscontrol variables found that directive, evaluative, and prioritygoal ambiguity related negatively to managerial effectiveness.All four performance indicators showed significant negativerelationships with evaluative goal ambiguity and directive goalambiguity. The results provide further evidence of the viabilityof the new measures of goal ambiguity, support theory-basedbut previously untested hypotheses, and further indicate thefeasibility and value of analyzing goal ambiguity of governmentorganizations.     

Accountability, Impression Management, and Goal Setting in the Performance Evaluation Process

Theoretical perspectives from accountability,impression management, goal setting, and performanceevaluation suggest that accountability conditions mayinfluence whether goals are used for impressionmanagement or performance-directed purposes. Goal theoryand research suggest that goals typically areperformance-directed, resulting in elevated performanceunder certain conditions. Alternatively, impressionmanagement theory might imply that goals may not always beperformance-directed, and the goal performancerelationship may be decoupled in such cases.Accountability is proposed as influencing thisrelationship in addition to main effects on how people approachtasks. Two studies tested notions of how accountabilityinfluences task approaches and goal uses: a laboratoryexperiment with university students, and a field study of telemarketers. Convergence ofresults indicates that participants approached tasks andset goals differently according to accountabilityconditions. Furthermore, the goal performancerelationship differences reflect the use of goals forperformance-directed purposes under low accountability,and for impression-management purposes under highaccountability (with no goal performance relationship), as predicted.     

Goal Engagement During the School–Work Transition: Beneficial for All,Particularly for Girls

The school‐to‐work transition presents a substantial regulatory challenge for youth in modern societies. Based on the action‐phase model of developmental regulation, we investigated the effects of goal engagement on transition outcomes in a high‐density longitudinal study of noncollege‐bound German adolescents (N=362). Career‐related goal engagement was important for attaining a desired career goal (i.e., apprenticeship) for girls who generally faced unfavorable employment opportunities. For boys, goal engagement did not predict the attainment of an apprenticeship. Goal engagement was nonetheless beneficial for well‐being, predicting positive affect for both girls and boys. This effect was not mediated by attainment of an apprenticeship. The findings elucidate the role of goal engagement under structural and temporal constraints and suggest possible avenues for intervention.     

Making the carbon basket count: Goal setting promotes sustainable consumption in a simulated online supermarket

We compared the effectiveness of basket goal-setting to product information strategies on sustainable consumption in a simulated online supermarket. Experiment 1 found a significant effect of basket goal setting techniques with carbon basket feedback in either numerical or graphical form on the carbon content of baskets purchased but no effect of numerical product information alone or in combination with basket CO2 information. Experiment 2 also found that basket goal setting was effective, but found no additional effect of introducing five-colour coding of the carbon footprints of either products or baskets. Experiment 3 found that repeated visits to the online supermarket led to improved learning about product carbon footprint in the basket goal setting condition, which mediated the effect of goal setting on basket carbon footprint. Our results suggest that goal setting techniques with feedback can reduce the carbon footprint of online shopping baskets and facilitate learning about product carbon footprint.     

Relations of Early Goal Blockage Response and Gender to Subsequent Tantrum Behavior

Infants and their mothers participated in a longitudinal study of the sequelae of infant goal blockage responses. Four-month-old infants participated in a standard contingency learning/goal blockage procedure during which anger and sad facial expressions to the blockage were coded. When infants were 12- and 20- months-old, mothers completed a questionnaire about their children's tantrums. Tantrum scores increased with age and boys tended to show more tantrum behavior than girls. Anger expressed to goal blockage at 4 months was unrelated to tantrum behavior. There was a gender by sad expression interaction. Girls who expressed sadness in response to the goal blockage had lower total tantrum scores than boys; otherwise there was no difference. These results suggest that tantrums of infants who display sad, not anger expression, in response to goal blockage, are differentially influenced by children's gender.     

Social Cognitive Predictors of the Career Goals of Korean American Students

Limited empirical study of the career development of Asian Americans in general and Korean Americans in particular has been conducted. The authors present the results of a theory‐based exploration of the career goals of Korean American university students in which ethnic identity, self‐efficacy, outcome expectations, and career interests were used to predict goal intentions for science and nonscience careers. Outcome expectations and career interests predicted a moderate amount of variance in science career goal intentions and a moderate to large amount of variance in nonscience career goal intentions. Korean American students' career goal development seems similar to that of American college students.