城市群内涵、外延辨析与新城市群建设

一、城市群的内涵 从归类的角度讲，学术界把城市群的内涵主要归为以下几类：城市空间论、城市体系论、经济区域论、经济网络论、集合体论、功能地域论、城市圈论、区域系统论。虽然学术界对城市群并没有统一的定义，但就其本质的内涵与外延而言，笔者认为城市群主要包括以下6个方面的内容：     

城市群与滨海地区

一、城市群是当前区域城市发展的趋势,是国家重要的空间发展战略 城市群是经济全球化与区域经济一体化情形下,在区域城市化与城市区域化、城市集聚与扩散共同作用下,城市化发展高级阶段的产物.城市群成为辐射和带动区域发展、促进城镇化水平进一步提高的重要依托,是加快工业化和城镇化进程中的重要战略节点区域.充分发挥城市群的作用是一个国家或地区取得区域竞争优势的必由之路,我国"十一五"规划中明确将城市群发展作为现阶段城市化的重要战略.     

中小型国家级城市群的内部分工研究 ——以关中平原城市群、北部湾城市群为例

中小型国家级城市群是区域经济增长极之一,其高质量发展离不开良好的内部分工.笔者基于产业集聚和城市专业化两个维度,采用区位基尼系数和产业结构差异指数对关中平原城市群、北部湾城市群的内部分工加以测量.笔者根据研究发现:2017年关中平原城市群的内部分工水平低于北部湾城市群,表现为前者的产业集聚水平、城市专业化水平均低于后者.两大城市群的产业集聚水平趋于上升,且关中平原城市群增幅大于北部湾城市群;关中平原城市群的城市专业化水平较为稳定,北部湾城市群的城市专业化水平则有上升趋势;产业集聚水平、城市专业化水平及其变动趋势在产业或城市间表现出较强的异质性.上述结论为中小型国家级城市群内部合理的分工体系构建提供了启示.     

城市群竞争力评价理论研究评述

竞争力的概念,在经济社会发展过程中最早来源于企业管理研究,后被引入国家（国际）、区域和城市领域研究中,出现了国家（国际）竞争力、区域竞争力和城市竞争力概念。学术界目前对城市群竞争力理论基础的探讨,涉及的相关理论较多,覆盖面也较广,但对某些理论的支持性和解释性争议也较大。构建科学的城市群竞争力评价体系,既不能将城市群竞争力与其他竞争力割裂开来,也不能将城市群竞争力等同于其他竞争力。     

世界五大城市群

美国东北部大西洋沿岸城市群经济特征:制造业产值占全国的30%,是美国最大的生产基地,美国最大的商业贸易中心和世界最大的国际金融中心。北美五大湖城市群经济特征:北美制造业带,其中底特律是全球著名的汽车城。日本太平洋沿岸城市群经济特征:日本经济最发达的地带,分布着 日本80%以上的金融、教育、出版、信息和研究开发机构。英国以伦敦为核心的城市群经济特征:英国主要的生产基地。欧洲西北部城市群经济特征:一个超级城市带,其中10万人口以上的城市有40座。世界五大城市群     

波士华城市群与京津冀城市群的比较研究

21世纪是城市群主导经济发展的世纪，城市群逐渐成为区域经济的增长极。然而与美国波士华城市群相比，我国京津冀城市群在空间结构已失先天优势的基础上，又凸显出城市承栽功能集中、城市发展关系不协调等问题。比较分析两大城市群特点，有助于我们发现问题，获得有益的对策启示。     

中部地区城市群一体化发展研究

一、城市群概念和中部地区城市群一体化发展的内涵(一)城市群的概念一般来说,城市群是在特定的区域范围内,以一个或两个特大城市为核心,聚集相当数量的不同性质、类型和等级规模的城市及小城镇,依托一定的自然环境和交通条件,城市、城镇之间在经济社会方面存在密切的内在联系,共同构成的一个相对完整、相对独立的城镇集合体。在我国,城市带、城市圈、都市群和都市圈统称为城市群。城市群     

中国城市群基本概念的再认知

城市群并不是孤立封闭的体系,它是与邻近区域内、特别是经济发达的城镇密集区的特定区域范围内不同规模的城市(镇)有着密切联系,依托优越的自然环境基础和发达的交通运输体系以及信息网络形成的一个比较完整的有机整体。尤其是在全球经济一体化以及新型城镇化的新形势下,城市群区内每一个城市均发挥着区域经济增长点和城市功能的特殊作用,并依托城乡一体化区域发挥着强大的辐射作用(包括集聚与疏散作用)。本文在这一基础上深入分析了中国城市群是由城镇化高度发育而形成这一动力问题;论证城市群与城镇密集区的相似性,并对我国城市群范围的识别标准和城市群基本概念的再认识,比较完整地概括了当前我国城市群研究动态与阶段性成果,以供我国城市地理与经济学工作者参考,以便更加深入地研究中国城市群的特有现象和各类问题。     

滇中城市群产业目标结构研究

当今社会,城市的发展由单一发展转向城市群的区域性发展,但是城市群的发展也要重视局部发展,注重城市群内每个城市的发展,确立合适的产业结构目标,而不是以城市群的整体产业结构目标为指导.合理的产业结构有利于产业经济发展,从而促进区域经济发展.国外产业结构研究的内容丰富,但是每个国家的经济体制不一样,所以产业目标结构要适应地方的经济发展.我国许多学者认为在适应我国国情的前提下,现代经济增长方式本质上是结构主导型增长方式,即以产业结构变动为核心的增长.     

珠三角城市群人口、经济与环境协调性研究

人口、经济与环境耦合协调是高质量发展的重要体现.以珠三角城市群为研究对象,探究2005-2018年人口、经济和环境发展格局及耦合协调趋势,为推动城市群高质量发展提供借鉴与方向.'结果表明:①珠三角城市群发达城市之间的人口、经济与环境方面的协调发展差异有所减小,但与欠发达城市间的差异不断扩大;②城市群人口、经济与环境耦合协调性有所增强,但近年来耦合性降低,协调性增速放缓,部分城市出现人口、经济与环境无法相互促进,反而出现了相互制约;③城市群人口、经济和环境耦合协调的空间分布呈现核心—边缘格局.提升珠三角城市群发展质量应从人口、经济与环境耦合协调性入手,因地制宜采取针对性提升措施.     

以高校校报的创新发展加强党建育人工作

加强高校党建育人工作,筑牢抵御＂和平演变＂及思想渗透的钢铁长城,具有深远而重大的战略意义。高校校报作为党的喉舌耳目和重要宣传舆论工具,理所应当在加强党建育人工作中发挥重要而积极的作用。     

Private property and the problem of the miraculous: the kramats and the city of Cape Town

This paper seeks to explore the place of kramats the graves of Muslim saints or Auliyah – in the landscape of contemporary Cape Town. The kramat sites have been proclaimed as heritage sites because of their importance as tangible signs of Islam at the Cape. At the same time, the process of the kramats becoming heritage sites has contained moments of intense, often sensational, public contestation. Offering a reading of the discourses surrounding two contested kramats in Cape Town, this paper explores the way kramats mark out a miraculous space in the prosaic modern city and introduce into the post-apartheid evaluation of heritage, alternative conceptions of space and notions of temporality. They are sites of impossibility where, it is claimed, the laws of nature themselves are interrupted to mark the intangible particularities of the site. This paper explores what happens when this miraculous space is subject to the demands of private property and municipal law and the conflicts that arise from this collision of different conceptual and experiential modalities. It considers the effects of the entanglement of legend and history that result from the production of these sites as heritage in a market-driven economy.     

On the expansion of the market and the decline of the family

Over the past two hundred years, large, modern firms have tended to replace small, family businesses. In parallel, the family has declined as a social institution. We suggest that these developments are interrelated. Because information of cheating in market transactions spreads only gradually in large markets, the reputation of the family firm could support contractual performance only in small, traditional markets. As markets grew in size, this reputational mechanism could no longer operate. The small, family firm was then replaced by the large, modern firm. This transition led to a decrease in the importance of the family.      

The Manifestation of Senses and Memory in the Obese and the Family of the Obese

No abstract available for this article.     

Disappointing and deviant youth and the rage of the elders

A generalized adult hostility toward youth derives from the complexities of the parent/child relationship, often mirrored in the helper/client and therapist/patient dyads. Parents derive considerable or little narcissistic gain from the accomplishments of their offspring, and conversely, are disappointed or even mortified by their failures. This is particularly true of narcissistically vulnerable parents—helpers and therapists as well—and accounts for widespread attitudes of competition, disparagement, and outright hostility toward young people. In the extreme, the pathological situations of emotional exploitation, incest, and physical abuse occur, but lesser forms of exploitation, such as personally gratifying advocacy, political gain, cultism, and enhancement of professional status, point to similar, but seemingly less destructive, forms of narcissistic gain. Youth may respond by conforming, defying, disappointing, and deviating. Adults may be either pleased, or enraged.     

Brexit and the Future of the Left

The referendum on British membership in the European Union divided not only the society in the UK but also the left both in Britain and all over the continent. This division however is produced not so much by this specific debate but by a deeper problem of the left capitulating ideologically and accepting neoliberalism as something objectively inevitable (even without publically recognizing it), replacing class struggle by ‘progressive’ cultural values that themselves form an essential part of the new capitalist hegemony. Leftist intelligentsia with its cultural critique of capitalism is no alternative to the current system, rather it is one of its pillars. While class division was very visible in the Brexit vote, with the working class and poor massively voting for ‘Leave’, most of the left either sided with the establishment or was wavering. Thus the success of the ‘Leave’ vote can be claimed by nationalists. Even after this political disaster instead criticizing itself leftist intelligentsia is blaming the people for being provincial and not accepting their progressive European values. However it was exactly the mass of common people in England who by voting for ‘Leave’ contributed to the formation of the new European agenda. Overcoming and unmaking bureaucratic, authoritarian, and neoliberal EU institutions is the only way to progress towards the making of a new democratic Europe.     

Modernity and the Contingency of the Public

The idea of a public contingent on its participants is the analogue of resonance to music because neither would make sense without the other. This article introduces the concept of modernity as a framing device and explains the occlusion of the private by the public. Secondly, the article illustrates the Legal-Autonomous Public Model, and the Multiple Public Model in the work of John Dewey, Walter Lippmann, and Kenneth J. Arrow. Public space is what Foucault was alleged to have called '´ecriture', which refers to a convergence of and intermixing of signifiers within a de-gendered setting (hence ´ecriture, as opposed to l'´ecriture). The great contest between Lippmann and Dewey in the 1920s signified a clashing of the two interpretations of the public with one arguing about the need for a return to a constitutionally guaranteed, left-of-centre public philosophy that would entertain the elite while taking care of the poor, and the other a plea for a rationalistic recourse that surmised and envisaged rational public discourse as only one of several possible publics. The article concludes with the notion that the constructions of public space defined by Dewey, Lippmann, and Arrow promote distinct yet related interrogations of public space that is more than an agora of resonating ideas, but includes a kind of automatic reverberation on its own axes.     

Women and the Emergence of the NAACP

This article discusses contributions of women to the emergence of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Using network analysis, the author studied affiliations between African American and White women who signed “The Call,” a petition calling for a national conference to obtain civil rights for African Americans. These links led to the origin of one of the most successful organizations in the fight for equality. Their experiences reflect the segregation and conflicts of the era. They also suggest strategies for facing cultural issues today. Teaching about social work history, its legacy of reform, and its commitment to social justice gained from the social movements of the Progressive Era can help social work students, most of whom are women, understand how social change can occur.     

Altruism and the Endurance of the Good

Egoism is a pervasive trait in modern market societies that encourages people to focus upon their own self-interest above all else. Third-sector organizations, by contrast, are frequently termed altruistic. This essay elucidates the meaning of altruism as it applies to these organizations. Moral altruism means direct concern for another's well being—whoever that person might be. This study rejects psychological egoism as a meaningful psychological theory, and ethical egoism as a coherent moral position; it discusses empirical studies of altruism in rescuers of Jews in Nazi-occupied Europe as proof against the former form of egoism and Kant's moral theory against the latter. The essay then argues that altruism is a form of public action in Hannah Arendt's sense of this term. The essay concludes that third-sector organizations are altruistic insofar as they engage in public action, thereby, treating beneficiaries with respect for their individuality.