东西方评价方法论对比研究

评价方法论是一种思想体系 ,其实质就是以一种系统的观点将众多的评价方法以某种形式组织起来 ,便于理解和选择具体的评价方法 .本文分别介绍了东、西方评价方法论的发展历程和主要内容 ,并详细介绍了在东方社会背景下发展起来的物理 -事理 -人理 ( WSR)评价方法论 .东、西方评价方法论发展至今 ,目前所关注的焦点都是如何协调评价过程所涉及到的群体之间的关系 ,即人理 .有效的人理分析可以确保评价结果能够被采纳使用 .为此 ,在进行调查研究之后 ,我们尝试使用软系统方法论中的 CATWOE分析和战略假设表面化验证 ( SAST)来有效地处理评价工作中人的主观性的影响     

关于中国管理实践的评价

在总结国际应用系统分析研究所、许国志院士以及物理-事理-人理系统方法论对实践工作的评价方法的基础上,通过所参与的开发管理信息系统项目和我国区域发展战略2个案例,简析了中国管理实践的评价问题。     

如何提高后评价管理工作水平

项目后评价存在的问题项目后评价,是指项目结束运行一段时间后,对项目的立项决策、建设实施、生产运行、项目持续性,以及项目经验教训等全过程进行的全面而系统的分析与评价。针对各类投资项目的后评价,可以研究确定相应的后评价指标体系,并编制相应的后评价模板,为开展后评价工作提供了基础。1.青海油田项目后评价在中国石油集团公司的指导下,青海油田的项目后评价工作近年来取得了长足的进步,基本实现投资1000     

项目中评价初探

本文对传统“项目评价”的概念及内涵给予了扩展,提出了对应于项目生命周期全过程的广义“项目评价”概念,将项目评价划分为项目前评价、项目中评价及项目后评价三个部分,并重点对项目中评价的概念进行了比较全面和深入的探讨与分析.     

房地产项目管理过程中的关键环节分析

项目管理是指项目的组织者为了实现特定的项目目标,在一定的约束条件下,运用系统、科学的理论和方法,对项目的全过程,包括项目的计划、组织、协调、控制和评价等各个环节进行有效的管理和控制。     

传统产业实施电子商务营销的思考——东方钢铁电子商务有限公司网络营销绩效评价

根据国内钢铁企业电子商务网络营销的现状,以东方钢铁电子商务有限公司及其网络营销系统为背景,分析了电子商务活动的现状及其网络营销系统的特征,从网络营销系统的效益、效率及服务三方面,提出系统绩效考核的基本要素、系统绩效考核的内容及评价标准,设计出系统绩效考核指标体系及考核方法,建立了评价系统绩效的数学模型。最后从电子商务供应链角度,讨论东方钢铁在线网络营销中牛鞭效应的定量描述及控制问题。     

浅谈对两阶段（施工、竣工）过程跟踪审计工作的认识

建设项目跟踪审计是指对基建项目从项目立项到竣工结算的投资管理活动全过程进行连续、全面、系统地审计、监督、分析和评价工作,对工程建设过程中存在的问题,及时对建设单位进行纠正,以实现对工程建设项目全过程的审计监督与控制。     

电网工程项目建设综合评价体系研究

近年来从基础建设、技术升级、人才培养等方面得到了很大的提高。电网工程项目建设已经成为我国电力能源产业稳步发展的重要组成部分,为电力安全、稳定、高效运营起到了很好的推动作用。本文分析了开展电网工程项目建设综合评价研究的重要意义,并从项目全过程评价、项目经济效益评价、项目综合影响评价、项目持续能力评价四个方面进行了具体分析,为综合提高我国电网工程项目建设科学化决策水平提供了很好的参考依据。     

管理科学中国学派如何走向世界？——问题、策略及系统方法论层面的分析

针对管理科学中国学派走向世界的需要,界定了管理科学中国学派的内涵和特色,分析了管理科学中国学派在走向世界过程中存在的问题,提出"通过寻找东西方管理的共同点,让管理科学中国学派走向世界"的策略;以西方的CmCvAwA s系统理论和东方的物理-事理-人理系统理论为例,分析了东西方在系统方法论层面上的相互联系,期望为管理科学中国学派走向世界提供借鉴。     

谈加强医院基建项目财务管理

医院进行改扩建工程,是优化医院硬件设施的举措之一。关系着医院的长久发展。在基建项目建设过程中应强化财务管理的作用。加强基建资金从预算、控制、到分析的全过程管理,充分发挥对基建项目的财务分析、评价作用。     

基于copula的追随者银行的企业项目总体风险评价模型

基于追随者银行的企业项目总体风险评价问题是指当有银行作为先行者介入一个项目时,后续的其它另一个银行作为追随者银行需要将先行者银行的信用风险和所要参与投资的企业项目风险综合加以考虑、从而独立判断项目投资的总体风险大小并进行投资决策。由于任何一家银行都只能熟悉某一些领域、某一些地区、某一些国家的项目,这就导致追随者银行在无法充分掌握项目信息时,需要以先行者银行的信用风险大小为参照物之一来推断企业项目的总体风险,这不仅仅对投资和贷款业务开展较晚的例如中国邮政储蓄银行这样的商业银行有着重要现实意义,而且对所有商业银行的投资活动都有重要的指导意义。通过先行者银行信用风险与项目风险反映企业项目总体风险,本研究建立了基于Copula函数的追随者银行的企业项目总体风险评价模型。本文主要的创新与特色是通过确定先行者银行的信用风险R_F与项目风险R_p的函数关系,进而确定企业项目总体风险R_T,解决了追随者银行所要测算企业项目风险的问题。总体风险模型的稳定性检验表明,在95%的置信水平下,对追随者银行来说,不论多大样本,其所要投资项目的总体风险中的先行者银行信用风险R_F与所要投资的项目风险R_p的重要程度分别为W₁=0.428、W₂=0.572。     

Financial planning for new products: Part I—Basis for model formulation

In a previous paper the author presented a staged approach methodology for the evaluation and selection of R & D projects. The present paper is intended to serve as its complement.The aim is the formulation of a matching overall long range budget planning policy which will attempt to answer the questions of “how many projects to prove” and “how much to fund” on the basis of satisfying the company growth objective.To achieve the above purpose, a staged budget planning model has been developed which recognizes and utilizes the specific attributes of the various R & D stages. Tje project stage survival rate and project stage cost ratio concepts are discussed. A steady flow of projects through the various R & D stage is maintained. The aim of the program is to produce periodically a planned number of new products fro commercial investment.This methodology may apply to R & D program with a sufficient number of moderately sized projects that justify the use of survival rate and cost ratio values. It should be constructed as a tentative effort for possible use within the staged limitations.     

Project‐Level Reuse Factors: Drivers for Variation within Software Development Environments*

Systematic reuse can dramatically improve software development productivity and quality even though a software reuse methodology may require substantial investments. Some projects may fail to achieve the targeted amounts of reuse within organizations that are overall successful in employing reuse. To explain such variation, this research explores the effects of project‐level factors in the success of software reuse. A model that relates project factors to project reuse success is developed using an information‐rich case study approach. The results are based on the insights obtained in a nominal group technique session, triangulated with structured interviews and comparative case studies. Success factors identified by the study relate to client influence, project culture, project attributes, and developer reuse experience. An organization that can successfully identify the factors affecting potential software reuse will be able to better target investments for the improvement of its reuse methodology and thus positively affect its software development productivity and quality.     

An Integrated Methodology for Assessment and Selection of the Project Risk Response Actions

In a systematic process of project risk management, after risk assessment is implemented, the risk analysts encounter the phase of assessment and selection of the project risk response actions (RA). As indicated by many researchers, there are less systematic and well-developed solutions in the area of risk response assessment and selection. The present article introduces a methodology including a modeling approach with the objective of selecting a set of RA that minimizes the undesirable deviation from achieving the project scope. The developed objective function comprises the three key success criteria of a project, namely, time, quality, and cost. Our model integrates overall project management into the project risk response planning (P2RP). Furthermore, the proposed model stresses on an equivalent importance for both "risk" and "response." We believe that applying the proposed model helps the project risk analyst in most effective and efficient manner dealing with his or her complicated RA selection problems. The application of the proposed model was implemented in projects in the construction industry in which it showed tremendous time, cost, and quality improvements.     

风险条件下基于实物期权的研发项目多阶段评价模型

研发项目投资决策是现代企业研发管理的核心内容,对研发项目进行合理、准确的评估,具有高度的战略意义和现实意义.本文基于实物期权理论,考虑到研发项目投资的灵活性,结合研发项目的阶段性特征,综合分析了研发项目寿命期内面临的市场风险、技术风险和突发风险对研发项目潜在现金流的影响,构建了风险条件下研发项目多阶段评价模型.最后通过算例对模型进行验证、横向对比和敏感性分析,证实了模型的正确合理性.     

An application of the integrated AHP-PGP model for performance measurement of supply chain management

The performance measurement problem has gained great attention in business and operations management literature. The first objective of this study is to determine the required performance measures and to develop a model for performance evaluation, based on these selected measures using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methodology. The second objective is to explain how an integrated AHP-PGP (pre-emptive goal programming) model can be used in performance measurement while optimising the overall performance. An integration of AHP and multi-objective PGP is used to consider both quantitative and qualitative performance measures in optimising the overall performance of the system. The integrated model is presented with a real-world application using source data provided by a survey conducted in India. Findings demonstrate that the integrated AHP-PGP model can be useful to all supply chain industries in their day-to-day performance measurement decisions.     

The multiattribute evaluation of program-planning contractors

This note describes how the theory of measurable multiattribute value functions was used to evaluate the proposals of three competing subcontractors for a program-planning project undertaken by Los Alamos National Laboratory. The purpose of the program-planning project was to develop a methodology for the evaluation of alternative long-range strategies for the achievement of controlled thermonuclear fusion. A measurable multiattribute value function was developed based on eleven criteria. Eight judges made evaluations on each of these criteria, and their judgments were synthesized to identify the winning subcontractor. While we emphasize details associated with this specific application, we expect the problem structure and methodology to be amenable to other contractor-and proposal-evaluation efforts after only minor modifications.     

A DEA Framework to Assess the Efficiency of the Software Requirements Capture and Analysis Process*

In this paper a theoretical framework to assess the efficiency of the Requirements Capture and Analysis (RCA) process in software development is introduced. Although it is widely recognized that successful implementation of the first stages of the software development process is critical for the overall development process, RCA efficiency assessments have not been given much attention. The presented theoretical framework to assess RCA efficiency follows a production approach to model the early stages of a software project. An approach based on Data Envelopment Analysis that utilizes the proposed framework to isolate the effects of exogenous factors, such as the environment or the type of project, on the project's RCA efficiency is also presented. Finally, the applicability of the methodology through an exploratory empirical study is demonstrated, and managerial implications are discussed.     

具有模糊收益的项目投资组合优化方法

基于可能性理论,研究了投资项目具有模糊收益的多项目投资组合的决策问题。在假设投资项目各年净现金流为三角模糊数的条件下,运用可能性均值和方差,建立了基于现值指数法的单投资项目模糊收益指标和模糊风险评价指标,同时,在此基础上建立了基于模糊可能性均值与方差的多项目投资组合优化模型,提出了最优项目投资组合的算法。最后,给出实际算例说明了方法的可行性和有效性。     

科学基金项目立项评估:综合评价信息可靠性的多指标证据推理规则研究

公正合理的科研项目立项评估与选择是国家自然科学基金管理活动的关键环节。综合考虑科研项目的评估指标体系和选择流程,提出了利用历史评估准确性度量专家提供信息可靠性的方法,进而提出了一种系统性的基于证据推理规则的科学基金项目评估决策模型。该模型使用证据推理合成规则对多专家多指标评估信息进行集结。在集结过程中：充分考虑评估指标的权重以及评估等级的多样性;鉴于参与项目评估的专家具有不同的知识背景和经验,提出利用历史评估结果的准确性衡量专家提供的评价信息可靠性的方法;应用信度分布表征项目的整体评价结果,包含了更丰富的信息。国家自然科学基金项目评估的实例分析证明了该评估决策模型的有效性。