浅论中国传统道德对大学生道德教育的现实意义

中国传统道德蕴涵着丰厚的道德教育资源,在批判继承的前提下进行创造转换和合理吸收,对于改进和完善当代大学生的道德教育有重要现实意义.本文在认真分析当代大学生道德状况的基础上,从整体主义、仁爱精神等五个方面对传统道德思想的现代教育价值进行了梳理,从循循善诱、以身作则等六个方面对传统道德的教育方法进行了归纳,期望能对大学生的道德教育有所裨益.     

高校道德教育的问题与对策

社会主义道德教育的重要一环是大学生的道德意识教育.提高社会道德水平,建设社会主义精神文明,必须加强大学生的道德意识教育.     

高校加强大学生生态道德教育的思考

加强高校大学生生态道德教育是高校思想政治教育的一个方面，也是提高大学生道德修养的重要组成部分。针对高校生态道德教育方面存在的问题，寻求解决的途径和方法，以提高大学生的生态道德意识，引导大学生确立正确的生态道德观，建立健全生态道德教育机制，促进高校大学生生态道德教育的发展，提高全社会的生态文明程度。     

新形势下加强大学生网络德育工作探析

本文针对大学生存在的网络道德失范现象及网德教育存在的问题,提出了加强和改进大学生网络道德教育工作的思路和途径。     

大学生网络道德教育述论

道德应该是植根于我们每个人心中的"法律",但是对于当代大学生来说,纷繁复杂的网络环境,很容易产生各种网络道德问题。当前大学生网络道德教育还不够完善,很多大学生在网络道德方面缺乏认知,本文对当前大学生网络道德教育存在的问题加以分析,找出问题产生的原因,并针对问题寻找对策,对加强大学生的网络道德教育十分有益。     

大学生道德趋向研究

社会转型使原有的道德认识和行为不断被赋予新的内容。大学生是一个特殊而敏感的群体,其道德表征和演变受经济关系所制约,并与社会相互动。本文试图考察20世纪90年代以来大学生道德状况变化,对大学生道德观念进行较为系统的历时分析,力图揭示出大学生道德发展趋势,以开拓大学生道德教育研究的新视域,这对于重构道德教育观念,变革既往陈旧的高校道德教育范式具有重要的理论和实践意义。     

浅析网络文化下大学生的信息道德教育

从网络文化下大学生信息道德教育着手,指出了网络文化对大学生信息道德造成的负面影响,提出了大学生信息道德教育应达到的基本目标,以及培养大学生信息道德教育的途径。     

当代大学生道德教育与道德行为现状分析

随着时代的发展,当代大学生道德教育产生了一些问题,具体表现为大学生道德教育与大学生道德需要和道德生活脱节,从而使大学生道德行为产生了变化,其根源是长期忽视大学生道德需要,大学生道德教育理论不完善。     

大学生法治与道德教育的有机结合

伴随着社会的迅速发展以及教学改革进程的持续推进,法治和道德教育的重要性正在不断突显出来。法治教育和道德教育对于大学生未来的发展而言是极为有益的。法治教育的开展能够使大学生掌握必备的法律知识,同时他们的法治观念也将得到强化。道德教育则能够让学生知晓和领会那些道德伦理知识,思想道德观念也可得到进一步强化。故非常有必要将法治教育以及道德教育结合起来,以此来促使教学效果达到最佳。文章将详尽阐述法治教育与道德教育间的关联,并探析两者融合的有效策略。     

大学生网络道德行为现状的调查及对策研究

大学生是国内网民中最活跃的群体。由于大学生人格、道德修养和行为自律能力尚未定型,过度上网容易引发网络道德失范行为问题。对浙江某高校375名大学生网络道德行为调查显示:首先,大学生的网络道德情况总体中等偏下,一部分大学生可能涉及网络违法;其次,大学生的网络道德教育缺失,网络法律意识较为淡漠;最后,大学生的道德观还不成熟,道德自律意识较差。为此,从政府立法、社会监管、学校教育、家庭教育和个人道德素质提升等方面提出了相应的对策和建议。     

Généalogie et évolution de la catégorie de « cadre » en Italie

Conceptions of the social world in industrialized countries use categories worked out in the course of a nation's history. In this respect, the notion of cadre for referring to both a concrete social group and a statistical, cognitive category turns out to be a French invention. From a societal perspective, why are there no cadres in Italy? Why is this sort of catchall category for referring to persons in the middle range of employees missing there? Although the notion crystallized through the French experience does not fit the Italian situation, we can inquire into it by examining the history of two close but distinct socioeconomic categories: quadri and dirigenti. A constructivist approach is taken to examining several aspects of the emergence of these categories in Italian society: the place of the institutions that defend and objectify them as a socioeconomic category; the expectations and aspirations that motivate them; the impact of historical and symbolical events in making these categories; and the role of sociologists who persist in analyzing Italian cadres by using quite different theoretical and ideological presuppositions.     

Comment confronter mobilité « subjective » et mobilité « objective » ?

The methods for analyzing objective social mobility and subjective mobility as perceived by individuals are reviewed in the case of two surveys: Trois générations by the French Old-Age Fund (CNAV, Caisse Nationale d'Assurance Vieillesse) and Formation qualification professionnelle by the French National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE). These two surveys have formulated subjective mobility in quite different ways, but this observation also holds for objective mobility, which, for the purpose of comparison with respondents' subjective evaluations, is defined using specific procedures. A method is proposed for contrasting these two sorts of mobility based on classical mobility tables. When the latter are designed so as to cross three variables (social origins, destinations and average scores of subjective mobility), the spontaneous sociology that can be collectively detected in the assessments made by respondents turns out to be not very different from the scholarly sociology of social categories produced by sociologists. After showing that subjective and objective mobility vary coherently in relation to each other, an additional hypothesis is advanced to account for some discrepancies.     

Contenir le marché : la transition de la criée à la cotation électronique à la Bourse de Paris

Open outcry was fully replaced at the Paris Bourse by an automated trade execution system (CAC) in the late 1980s. In this article, we focus on the circumstances that made this transition possible. We analyze the diverse compromises (both social and technical) that the officials and engineers in charge of the innovation process constructed in order to stabilize the new market device. They had to carefully inscribe into the new system the interests of the actors at stake: bankers and stockbrokers. This case study contributes to economic sociology by drawing a relation between a technical device and the interests set around the “modernization” of a market.     

Le modèle de « l'État-stratège » : genèse d'une forme organisationnelle dans l'administration française

Since the 1990s, a new organisational form of the administrative system in France has been steadily redefining relations between central administrations and local state units. Labelled “the steering state” or the “managerial state”, this new paradigm hinges on separating the strategic functions of steering and controlling the state from the operational functions of execution and policy implementation. The making of this new form of state organization involves two parallel processes: political and cognitive. For one thing, the adoption of concrete measures for “government at distance” results from power struggles between three major ministries (Home Office, Budget and Civil Service). For another, a new legitimate “categorization of the state” is being formed in the major committees involved in the reform process of the 1990s; it is borne by top civil servants and inspired by the ideas of New Public Management. — Special issue: New patterns of institutions.     

La précarité de l'emploi au service de la prospérité du fast-food

The fast food industry offers an exception to the traditional rule that steady employment and employee qualifications are necessary for business to thrive. Since this industry sprang up in the United States during the 1950s, its major firms have offered unskilled jobs to a young, devoted labor force in transit between fast-food establishments. As a consequence, the itineraries of incoming new hires and outgoing employees crisscross. Though causing a few operational problems, this high turnover rate among wage-earners is good for business. The major (just-in-time) principle of sales and production requires an exceptionally high commitment. Only new, young team-members correspond to the profile defined in these eateries.     

La restructuration des PMI à Saint-Étienne après la crise : traces du passé et limites de l'intégration horizontale

On the basis of a survey conducted in Saint-Étienne, France, as part of a comparative European project on “modes of governance” in local economies (which, thus, takes into account the level of small and medium-sized industry and the middle level of the territory), questions are raised about the goods and services that enable these industries to be competitive with big firms or holdings. For these industries, solutions developed two decades ago for the machine tool industry, mechanics and metal-working are still significant resources. The momentum detected in a small number of fields can lead to an increasing specialization and horizontal integration that favor a more competitive growth. How to know whether this momentum results from still (temporarily) active remnants of the past or whether it is evidence of a collective impetus that can stimulate new economic growth?     

Les « intermittents » de l'Église. Modalités d'emploi des personnels laïcs dans le catholicisme français

Given the shortage of priests, bishops have assigned permanent religious duties to several thousand laypersons, a majority of them women. Many of these persons have employment contracts. The employment conditions of this new type of permanent personnel tend to be unfavorable: assignments for a few years despite contracts of unlimited duration, part-time work and a nearly minimum wage. Various factors account for this fragility: the dire financial straits of French dioceses; ecclesiastical authorities, determination to present the clergy as the only fully legitimate, permanent personnel in the Church; and the attitude of laypersons who seem to be satisfied with their lot. The efforts to institutionalize this work have encountered difficulties with respect to both the labor code and the unexpected effects produced internally by the advocacy of a “culture of limited duration commitment”.     

Les usages nationaux d'une science « globale » : La diffusion de nouveaux paradigmes économiques comme stratégie hégémonique et enjeu domestique dans les champs nationaux de reproduction des élites d'État

This paper analyses the production and international diffusion of different forms of State expertise, such as economics, from a threefold perspective: hegemonic strategies structured around the Cold War, professional rivalries between lawyers and economists within the field of state power and the internationalisation of the academic circuits for the reproduction of national elites. In order to understand the relatively low (or delayed) introduction of neo-liberal paradigm in Asia, it starts by highlighting the authoritarian genesis of these new fields of economic expertise, as an instrument for the developmental policies launched by the Cold War dictatures, such as Suharto in Indonesia or Marcos in the Philippinnes. Then, by focusing on the cases of India and South Corea, it analyses how the processes of institutionnalisation and consolidation of these new professional fields was structured around an international division of scientific labour, in which the elite US campuses control both the production of theoretical innovation and the academic networks for the reproduction of the elites of the periphery.     

La carrière des artistes et les transformations de la production musicale. Relations de travail et relation au travail dans le monde des musiques rap et électroniques

The interaction between the artistic and managerial poles of the world formed by the persons specialized in rap and electronic music in France is described as well as musicians' occupational culture. The aesthetic and organizational characteristics of these musical genres are shown to influence the division of labour in recording and production. Owing to the combination of artistic and managerial activities typical of these musicians, occupational networks are fluid. This blurring of roles is especially visible in the recording labels used from home studios. Technical changes in the “tools” for this work have led these artists to become professionally involved in management and advertising. Cultural motivations also explain this involvement: the critical stance adopted by the “cultures” of rap, electro, techno, etc., tends to make obsolete the image of the artist as a creator who avoids the engineering aspects of the commercial distribution of his recordings. In contrast, rap and electronic musicians' careers develop through participation in many and various projects, which nurtures their artistic production, improves the quality of their groups and enhances their reputations. Accepting more short-term professional engagements supposedly increases their control over their career profiles. However these musicians voice concerns, in particular, about bonds between the individual and the groups whom they cross (and who cross them) — concerns that can be extended to other types de workers caught up in an occupational world organized “by project”.