关于民族志的讨论已经足够?

如今在人类学以及相关研究中，民族志已经泛滥得失其本义。将“民族志主义”的出现归结于我们与报道人之间的遭遇或更广义上的田野工作，这折损了人类学的本体论承诺，并丧失了人类学作为一门学科的教育功能，同时也偏离了人类学主要的工作方式——参与观察。这样简单的归结使得人类学者与教授他们知识的田野对象之间的鸿沟愈发不可逾越，而后者不仅是我们学术上的引路人，也是学术之外生活上的导师。执着于民族志，其实削弱了人类学在公共领域的声音。解决这一问题的办法是重申人类学的价值，将其作为一门致力于弥合想象和日常生活之间的裂痕，且不断前进的学科，而非一个以民族志为主的学科。     

历史比较人类学——关于人类生物体谱系的研究

我们依据美国人类学界所界定的学科范围,将体质人类学、比较语言学提取出来,再添加上我国史学领域的姓氏学,便可以构成一门学科:历史比较人类学。历史比较人类学是一门交叉学科,它横跨历史比较体质人类学(体质人类学)、历史比较语言人类学(比较语言学)以及历史比较姓氏人类学(姓氏学)三个学科。历史比较人类学,有别于以往的人类学,一是排除了社会人类学或文化人类学,增添了姓氏学;二是将源自于比较语言学的历史比较法推广到体质人类学和姓氏学中。历史比较人类学的研究对象是:人类生物体谱系;历史比较人类学的研究方法是:历史比较法;历史比较人类学的研究目标是:从体质、姓氏、语言入手,构造人类的群体谱系     

文化人类学的一门分支学科:生态人类学

本文简要地探讨了文化人类学的一门分支学科———生态人类学的产生和发展过程。虽然它的思想起源可以追溯到古希腊思想家的环境决定论 ,但是作为一门学科 ,其产生和发展则与美国文化人类学息息相关。生态人类学从环境决定论到侧重文化的民族生态学的转变 ,实质是一部活生生的美国人类学史     

《经济人类学》简评

经济人类学是由人类学和经济学两门学科交汇产生的一门边缘学科 ,属于人类学的一个复杂 ,民族众多 ,文化习俗各异 ,如何制订适合西部地区民族特点和区域的具体情况的发展计划 ,以加速西部各民族的发展 ,逐步缩小与东部沿海地区的差距 ,是我国现在所面临的巨大挑展。我们也希望 ,《经济人类学》再版时 ,能够反映更多的中国案例和理论研究《经济人类学》简评@杜倩萍$中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院     

女性主义人类学发展历程探析

女性主义人类学作为文化人类学的子集,在西方已经发展成为一门独立的学科。然而,在我国这一学科仍处在发展的早期阶段。本文研究了女性主义人类学孕育、产生、发展的不同阶段,并对不同时期主要理论和代表性著作进行梳理,有利于借鉴西方的女性主义人类学研究成果,以跨文化的视角认识不断变化中的社会性别观念,为女性主义人类学本土化研究拓宽视野。     

“定义”性与“注释”性——文化思维模式与人类学实践模式关系试析

本文从利奇与费孝通关于中国人类学研究的论辩出发，尝试性地分析了现代西方文化的“定义”性特征和中国传统文化的“注释”性特征对西方人类学与中国早期人类学的不同影响，认为中国早期人类学家即便曾采用西方人类学的某些研究方法或理论模式，由于在对待这门学科的前在立场及思维模式上存在差异，在人类学的学科实践上走向了不同的方向，即中国早期人类学家把西方社会科学知识作为一种认知手段来重新注释、解释整体性观念下的“中国”——此“中国”并非仅仅是民族国家系列中“一国”的政治地理概念，它还包含着从自身历史与文明中承继而来的对生命及世界的整体性看法。     

试论我国都市人类学研究的意义、范围和方法

试论我国都市人类学研究的意义、范围和方法任一飞，李彬都市人类学是伴随全球范围内的都市化进程而产生的一门新兴学科。据我们了解，“都市人类学”这一术语首次出现于１９７２年。这年春天，美国人类学家杰克·罗尔瓦根（ＪａｃｋＲ．Ｒｏｌｌｗａｇｅｎ）在纽约创办了...     

都市人类学的发展动向:对美国和加拿大博士论文的分析

都市人类学①在20世纪70年代成为美国人类学中的一个专业研究领域,在80年代得到了快速发展,到了90年代它的影响已经非常广泛,以至于一些学者评论它是“正在逐渐地演变为一门重新整合的社会文化人类学”(Sanjek,1990∶154)。的确,现在我们很难区分“都市”和“非都市”的研究项目,因为通过美国有线新闻(CNN)电视台的报道,世界大事得以迅速被知晓,就业移民为了寻求更好的经济机会而不断迁移,政治难民为了逃避政府资助的恐怖主义威胁而流亡国外,后现代的旅客们转向追求返朴归真和真实的生态“体验”,这些跨越全球的活动使得地球连成了一个不…     

经济人类学述要

经济人类学述要王燕祥经济人类学是本世纪中叶以来逐步形成、发展起来的一门年轻学科。其研究对象、研究范围与研究方法，学术界多存歧见。据上海辞书出版社出版的《人类学词典》（吴泽霖总纂）中“经济人类学（ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃａｎｔｈｒｏｐｏｌｏｇｙ）”这一条目的解...     

医学人类学的中国想象

医学人类学的简单定义,可以说就是将人类学的理论与方法,应用在健康、疾病、苦痛、医药与治疗等研究领域上.要了解医学人类学的发展与内部分支,不能不回顾其祖系人类学的轨迹.而所谓的医学人类学的中国想象有两层意思,一是美国人类学界对中国研究的想象,另一便是医学人类学在中国可能有什么样的发展想象.     

Meeting / Derrida

In August 1999, Jacques Derrida gave a number of lectures and seminars in Melbourne and Sydney. The seminar of 13 August, held at Sydney's Seymour Centre Theatre, was open to the public. It consisted of a question-and-answer session with Genevieve Lloyd, David Wills, Paul Patton and Penelope Deutscher. Its title, 'Themes from Recent Work', reflected interests in the work from Specters of Marx (1994) onwards which some, including Paul Patton, have referred to as deconstruction in its affirmative phase. What follows is a by-no-means verbatim record of the event. Rather it is but one member of the audience's account of what transpired in the seminar – an account which is therefore necessarily selective and pressed through the grid of my own quasi-philosophical interests. Following this account of the seminar, I offer some marginal notes on the open discussion following the seminar, then, finally, some reflections on a particular matter discussed at the dinner which followed that – madness.     

Defining ‘real India’: representations of authenticity in independent travel

As an alternative to the stereotypical mass tourism, independent travellers – travellers who travel for extended periods on low budgets while ostensibly avoiding formalized tourist activities and locales – are invested in constructing ‘authentic’ travel experiences. Practices such as ‘off-the-beaten-track’ travel and cultural engagement provide the means by which independent travellers are able to make claims to such authenticity. Authenticity is constructed by travellers through idealizations of intimacy and non-commodification. These idealizations are tangled in narrative representations of ‘real’ India and ‘real’ Indians, their ‘real’-ness typified by an absence of other travellers, tourists and, more generally, Western contamination. In these ways, ‘authentic’ travel is dependent upon actively constructed binaries of Western travelling subjects and exotic Indian objects. Yet travellers' fantasies of the Other are fragile and subject to collapse at moments in which so-called Others articulate their subjectivity in a way that is inconsistent with travellers' expectations. Through a focus on travellers' narratives of their experience, both the requirement for an Orientalist dichotomy as well as the ruptures that continually challenge this dichotomy, will emerge.     

Oestrogen Rising 2016: Ireland’s stained and bloodied cloths

A weaver, seamstress, laundress and artist, in this essay I shall spin a yarn, tangle a web, and construct a text(ile) of the inter-weave of narrative and identity that I define as my intellectual, textual, somatic and material/visual practice obsessions. My work explores ‘the places in-between’ in the entanglements of Irish and Northern Irish gender and identity, and in the abject fabrics of death and of desire. As an Irish feminist, sense-making of the complexities, conundrums, challenges and contradictions of my land, my cloth, my body and my culture owes much to Irish women before me who fought for female suffrage, and Irish women now – north and south of the border that divides the island of Ireland – who still struggle for equality of citizenship, social justice, human rights, and full reproductive autonomy. My contention is that when we accept that Ireland herself is a many-layered cloth, a stained and bloodied cloth, a cloth marked irreversibly by history, conflict, denial and abuse, stained by its own repression, marked through denial of all its people’s rights and needs, and bloodied by its greatest export, the haemorrhage of its people, then – polemical, didactic or reflective, with more compassion, empathy, humility and heart – we just might make peace with our past.     

Refugees,migrants, neither,both: categorical fetishism and the politics of bounding in Europe’s ‘migration crisis’

The use of the categories ‘refugee’ and ‘migrant’ to differentiate between those on the move and the legitimacy, or otherwise, of their claims to international protection has featured strongly during Europe’s ‘migration crisis’ and has been used to justify policies of exclusion and containment. Drawing on interviews with 215 people who crossed the Mediterranean to Greece in 2015, our paper challenges this ‘categorical fetishism’, arguing that the dominant categories fail to capture adequately the complex relationship between political, social and economic drivers of migration or their shifting significance for individuals over time and space. As such it builds upon a substantial body of academic literature demonstrating a disjuncture between conceptual and policy categories and the lived experiences of those on the move. However, the paper is also critical of efforts to foreground or privilege ‘refugees’ over ‘migrants’ arguing that this reinforces rather than challenges the dichotomy’s faulty foundations. Rather those concerned about the use of categories to marginalise and exclude should explicitly engage with the politics of bounding, that is to say, the process by which categories are constructed, the purpose they serve and their consequences, in order to denaturalise their use as a mechanism to distinguish, divide and discriminate.     

伊斯兰学者刘智的"元气"与日本儒者伊藤仁斋的"一元气"思想——朱子学"理"、"气"学说的批判与重构

在"文明间对话"被各国学界极为重视的当代,特别值得关注与研究的是,17-18世纪的回儒学与日本德川儒学之间的具有价值和意义的对话.刘智和伊藤仁斋是同时代不同文化背景的两位思想大师,同时受到朱子学影响,并吸收融合而产生出自己独特的思想体系.本文将探讨这两位思想家对朱子学"理"、"气"思想的重构特色.进一步想说明,不同文化...     

The changing configurations of self-(m)other dialogue in North Cyprus

This paper deals with issues of identity, nationalism, postcolonialism, and self-other relations with a focus on a period of transformative events in North Cyprus. It notes how nationalism has been the dominant means of identification for Cypriots in their modern history, and argues that unless weakened and supplanted by a radically pluralist democracy, nationalism imagines one's identity as an indivisible unity and has no place for different others within the nation. However, a pressing relationship with others and otherness is no stranger to Cypriots either, which makes it clear that the border that defines the ‘we’ of such nationalism is, at the same time, the line that divides the self intrinsically, indicating the otherness of the self or its alterity. Subjectivity involves subjection to the other.     

热贡鲁若中"玛泽"与藏族历史的渊源关系

文章从历史学、宗教学、民俗学等角度,将流行于黄南藏族自治州同仁县隆务河流域的六月会主体节目之一"玛泽"的文化内涵进行了新的探讨,并就"玛泽"节目的历史和宗教渊源关系,民俗形成过程,以及对军事、生产活动中的意义提出了自己的看法.     

三江源自然保护区生态旅游开发的SWOT分析

本文就三江源自然保护区开发生态旅游产品的可行性及发展潜力,运用SWOT分析模式进行客观分析,并得出三江源开发生态旅游产品是实现该地区可持续发展的最佳途径。     

Changing patterns of mobility,citizenship and conflict in Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Mobility and migration are inherent ingredients of Indonesian cultures. In an archipelago with thousands of islands of various size, character and nature, mobility is an important means to make a living and to survive by migration. The right to free movement in Indonesia is constitutionally granted. It can create mobility and give expression to equal citizenship rights at the same time as it can trigger the enforcement of borders among cultural groups and the ethnification of local and regional politics. Mobility thus always comes along with immobility. Physical mobility of one group of people might cause immobility of another group or it might create cultural and political immobility in the same group. In places such as Eastern Indonesia, people have developed reciprocal means to integrate newcomers. Whereas the immigrants are usually disadvantaged citizens with regards to land and customary rights, those living in the area for generations have nonetheless become integral parts of quite peaceful local settings, one way or the other. The advancement of decentralization, democratization and direct elections of political representatives can lead to political empowerment, the promotion of ethnicity as election capital and changing patterns of belonging. This paper illustrates these ambivalences by looking at mobility in Indonesia more generally and how changing national policies and laws lead to reinterpretations of mobility patterns and trigger changes in relations between local population groups and existing mechanisms of cultural and political inclusion and exclusion. Butonese migrants in Maluku will here serve as a case study.     

Governing multicultural Brussels: paradoxes of a multi-level,multi-cultural,multi-national urban anomaly

ABSTRACT

Updating our earlier work on Brussels as the paradigm of a multi-level, multi-cultural, multi-national city, and in the context of Brussels’s recent troubled emergence as the epicentre of violent conflict between radical political Islam and the West, this paper sets out the paradoxical intersection of national (i.e. Flemish and Francophone), non-national and ethnic minority politics in a city placed as a multi-cultural and multi-national ‘urban anomaly’ at the heart of linguistic struggle of the two dominant Belgian communities. Brussels is one of the three Regions of the Belgian federal model alongside Flanders and Wallonia. It is also an extraordinarily diverse and cosmopolitan city, in which a mixed language Belgian population lives alongside very high numbers of resident non-nationals, including European elites, other European immigrant workers, and immigrants from Africa and Asia. After laying out the complex distribution of power and competences within the Belgian federal structure, we explore whether these structures have worked over the years to include or exclude disadvantaged ethnic groups. To better understand these processes, we introduce our view of the multi-level governance perspective.