进城农民工文化人格重塑对城市化进程的影响

通过对进城务工农民访谈案例的描述．就进城农民工文化人格嬗变和重塑的文化机制作用进行了合作博弈分析。结果表明，进域农民工在参与、融入城市社区过程中．通过人际传播表现出来的文化冲突主要来源于个人化不信任经过多人、多次的积淀。从而产生一般化不信任。经过一个长期的磨合．在城市文化机制与农村文化机制的共同作用下，个人化信任经过多人、多次的积淀，从而产生一般化信任。最终实现农民工参与、融入到城市社区。农民工市民化的正式制度的形成，必须先有进城农民工文化人格嬗变和重塑的非正式制度的支撑才能实现。进城农民工文化人格的嬗变和重塑是影响城市化进程以及城市发展的先决条件．     

青海女性人口文化素质的现状与对策分析

青海女性人口文化素质偏低是由经济、传统文化观念、自然环境和女性身心特点等造成的。要进一步提高女性人口的文化素质,必须加快经济发展、发挥政府主导作用以及强化女性主体意识。     

妇女文化精神生活满意感影响因素分析

本文利用全国妇联、国家统计局2000年12月第二期妇女地位调查的数据资料,对我国妇女的文化精神生活状况做了大体描述,并利用Logistic回归对妇女文化精神满意感的影响因素进行了分析。研究发现,妇女年龄、民族、受教育年限、物质生活满意感、工作能力发挥满意感、文体活动的参与、家庭婚姻生活满意感等因素对妇女文化精神生活的满意感起着重要的影响作用,最后对提高妇女文化精神生活提出了相关建议。     

The living arrangements of unmarried elderly hispanic females

In this paper we examine the influence of cultural preferences on living arrangements for a sample of older unmarried Hispanic and non-Hispanic white females. We develop a conceptual framework composed of three sets of factors: availability of kin, economic and health feasibility, and cultural desirability. Our analyses show that household living arrangements among Hispanic and non-Hispanic females are more similar when we control for these three sets of factors, and that cultural desirability factors are particularly important. The likelihood that elderly Hispanic females will reside in an institution is actually decreased, however, when we control for these factors; this finding suggests a strong reluctance among Hispanics to use formal long-term care facilities.     

The Cultural Orientations of Entrepreneurs and Employees’ Job Satisfaction: The Turkish Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) Case

The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether cultural orientations which were pervasive and salient in the society of SMEs’ entrepreneurs predict employees’ job satisfaction. Paternalism, collectivism, individualism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance were assessed as pervasive and salient attributes for Turkish society. Data were gathered from 217 male SMEs entrepreneurs and 1140 employees. The cultural orientations scales together with some questions related to the firms and demographics, and job diagnostic index (JDI) with demographical questions were applied to entrepreneurs and employees, respectively. The findings of this study revealed that paternalism, collectivism and power distance predicted employee job satisfaction significantly. It was argued that the congruency between entrepreneurs’ cultural orientations and employees’ cultural background and expectations, which was shaped by the organizational socialization process, might lead these results.     

基于文化作用机制分析的艾滋病预防控制对策研究——以云南为例

艾滋病的流行与扩散受多种因素的影响与制约，其中文化因素起着潜在的但效应极强的影响作用。通过分析文化与艾滋病流行扩散的相互关系，以及云南艾滋病亚文化的形成和发展，对云南艾滋病流行扩散的文化作用机制进行了分析．提出了基于文化作用机制的云南艾滋病预防控制对策，将文化因素融入到艾滋病的防治中，对于提高艾滋病的防治成效将起到积极的促进作用。     

The borderline personality disorder and gay people

This paper examines the diagnostic category called Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and its relationship to gay people. It discusses the psychoanalytic definition of borderline personalities, and to it adds a cultural definition. In the light of these cultural variables, the diagnosis is defined as a metaphor for the complexities and confusions of modern life. These confusions are important in the lives of gay people, who, it is suggested, are currently more prone to be diagnosed as BPD. Through the life study of a gay man, both the psychoanalytic and cultural variables are identified, then generalized to the problems of gay people in our transitional society.     

The Effect of Cultural Capital on High School Dropout: An Investigation in the Italian Provinces

This article studies at a detailed geographical level the relation between cultural capital and high school dropout. Bronfenbrenner’s systemic theory and Heckman’s perspective on cognitive/non-cognitive skills are considered as theoretical framework. We analyzed data from 103 Italian provinces employing Covariance Structure Analysis and spatial indices of autocorrelation. We found a consistent protective effect of cultural capital on dropout, independently of economic performance, in Central and Southern provinces, but not in Northern provinces. Spatial analyses showed very heterogeneous patterns of autocorrelation for dropout (especially across Southern provinces) even between neighboring areas, in spite of a more compact clustering when considering cultural and economic indicators. These results indicate that living in an environment with animated cultural life might enhance students’ non-cognitive skills, thus fostering their involvement in formative activities and the development of their human capital.     

The Postfeminist User

This paper is part of a preliminary investigation toward a postfeminist analysis of “the user.” It critically examines the pervasive liberatory rhetoric of interactivity through situating it within a widespread cultural context also rife with liberatory rhetoric: postfeminism. Two media properties, heavily marketed for interactivity, are examined: the first three films of the Final Destination film series and the reality television program Big Brother (US). I situate each as postfeminist texts, and then analyze their interactivity through this lens, demonstrating the utility of applying postfeminism to technology study. Following the feminist method of analyzing popular texts as modes of understanding feminine ideals, thereby articulating contours of a feminine subject position, I argue that analyses of postfeminist culture are productive broadly applied to cultural products, such as interactive media, augmenting feminist media theory. To understand ideals of technological usership, one must understand the culture in which they are embedded. Therefore, articulating the contours of the user as a subject position benefits from understanding postfeminist cultural sensibilities. Through this analysis, I describe the user, contrary to much new media theorizing, as exhibiting an illusory rhetoric of agency, hyperembodiment suffused with temporality and mobility, and an interactivity better understood as ongoing assessment and adjustment.     

Does Global Fertility and Cultural Transition Affect Human Development? The Neglected Role of the Demographic Transition

This study approaches the potential influence of the demographic transition on outcomes of human development. By re-conceptualizing demographic transition as global fertility and cultural transition and combining all distal macro forces including modernization, techno-economic heritage, and economic dependency, an integrated model for explaining human development outcomes can be theoretically formulated and subjected to empirical test. A panel regression analysis of available data from all developing countries supports the influence of the distal macro forces and the intervening role played by global fertility and cultural transition in affecting human development. In particular, a four-indicator index of global fertility and cultural transition shows the strongest effect on human development index, even controlling for the lagged dependent variable and the latest most competing explanatory variables. Following the long continuing process of the demographic transition, the empirical implication of this newly constructed index of global fertility and cultural transition for exploring alternative measures of human development and policy implications for third world human development are discussed.     

The demographic evolution of human populations: The role of selection and environmental factors

Selection (genetic and cultural) and environmental variation are the principal mechanisms determining patterns of demographic change in human populations. Conditions exist under which the nature and intensity of these forces can be inferred from temporal trends in the demographic variables. These conditions, which can be expressed in terms of relations between the Malthusian parameter and population entropy, provide a means for evaluating the effect of selective and nonselective factors on demographic trends in human populations. The distinction between the roles of selection and environmental factors is illustrated by a study of the demographic transition in Sweden (1778-1965). This study shows that demographic changes during the pre- and posttransitional phases are determined mainly by environmental factors, whereas the changes during the transitional phase are mainly due to cultural selection. This analysis provides, for all three phases of the demographic transition, quantitative measures of the intensity of the forces (selective and nonselective) acting on both mortality and fecundity distributions.     

城市外来人口社会融合的结构方程模型——基于珠三角地区的调查

外来人口的有效社会融合问题,已成为先发展地区亟待研究和解决的重要课题。本文运用结构方程模型剖析社会融合的影响因素,结果表明,经济、社会交往、文化适应等要素对外来人口社会融合的影响越来越显著:经济适应依然是社会融合的基础;文化适应是影响社会融合最重要的因素;经济适应和社会交往对社会融合产生间接的影响作用。多层次、分阶段地促进外来人口的社会融合,高度重视文化对社会融合的作用,是解决外来人口社会融合的重要途径。     

The experiences of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Bachelor of Midwifery students: An integrative literature review

IssueThere is an underrepresentation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander midwives across Australia and an inadequate number of graduating midwives to redress this. A major pillar for the Birthing on Country Model is maternity care workforce development.AimThe purpose of this review is to examine the enablers and barriers that Aboriginal students experience while undertaking the Bachelor of Midwifery degree in Australia.MethodsA search of the literature was undertaken through electronic databases. When only three papers were found looking at the experiences of Aboriginal midwifery students the search was broadened to include Aboriginal undergraduate health students.FindingsThe literature review reported a strong need for cultural safety in both the clinical and education systems. Students with access to cultural supports, relationships with Aboriginal mentors and academics and Aboriginal clinical placements felt empowered and were able to navigate the ‘two worlds’ in a meaningful way.DiscussionThis review highlights a significant gap in the literature. Despite the expanded search terms to include Aboriginal health students, a relatively narrow range of papers were found. Interestingly, the combined search revealed similar themes: kinship, personal factors, and cultural issues.ConclusionEmpowering and supporting Aboriginal Peoples to become midwives is essential. While systems and societies aim for cultural safety, this review shows there is still a way to go. Further research is essential to decolonise higher education and health care systems, and provide strong, well supported pathways for Aboriginal midwifery students.     

家庭养老在不同文化背景下的地位及前途

社会化养老制度之所以最先在欧洲产生是有其深刻的历史传统和文化背景的,社会化养老是欧洲文化的必然结果。而以中国为代表的东方社会则有尊老养老的传统美德。在分别对东西方不同文化背景下家庭养老的地位进行分析的基础上,可以看出家庭养老并不一定就是一种落后的养老制度,社会化养老也不是各国唯一的选择。构建我国未来的社会保障制度一定要注意发挥家庭养老的积极功能。     

人口文化书屋走进清真寺

2009年4月8日，宁夏首批穆斯林人口文化书屋在吴忠市黎明清真大寺授牌，并为该市16位阿訇撰写的《穆斯林生殖健康宣传材料汇编》举行了首发式。     

西藏人口受教育程度的结构差异问题及其对策研究--基于六普数据的分析

运用2010年全国六次人口普查数据，对西藏自治区人口受教育程度有关方面的地域分布、性别分布、年龄分布、行业分布、城乡分布等结构差异问题进行了概括和分析。文章认为，西藏人口受教育程度的结构差异所造成的社会张力需通过具有针对性的人口文化教育结构优化对策来加以解决，进而化解西藏人口文化素质的制约性因素，从根本上扭转西藏教育发展的人口结构性困境。     

Co-Sexuality and Organizing: The Master Narrative of “Normal” Sexuality in the Midwestern Workplace

ABSTRACT

Human sexuality is a highly regulated but fluid construct that people communicatively organize around. What has been socially constructed as “normal” sexuality (e.g., preferences, rights, vocabulary, etc.) has shifted dramatically over time, and differently between communities and geographic boundaries. In workplace contexts, where policies and daily practices explicitly and implicitly regulate performances of and communication about sexuality, regional and cultural sexual “norms” can affect how people of diverse sexualities understand and experience their jobs. The Midwestern United States is a particularly complex and diverse region when considering sexual equality in the workplace. Using the lens of co-sexuality, this study explores how people identifying with varying sexual, gender, and professional identities in Midwestern workplaces explained their perceptions of “normal” sexuality and how it affected their workplace experiences. Participants drew on the master narrative of the Midwest, composed of perceived Judeo-Christian norms and a cultural discomfort with difference, and described feeling simultaneously pulled toward and pushed away from cultural sexual “norms” in their day-to-day work environments.     

LGB Identity Among Young Chinese: The Influence of Traditional Culture

Based on the social construction perspective, this research aims to investigate how traditional cultural values may affect the way individuals interpret and negotiate with their minority sexual identity. Using an online survey questionnaire with a student sample of 149 Chinese lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals, 2 elements of traditional Chinese culture were found to be associated with negative LGB identity among Chinese LGB students—namely, perceived parental attitudes toward marriage and participants' endorsements of filial piety values. In addition, the endorsement of filial piety moderated the relation between perceived parental attitudes toward marriage and LGB identity, such that the effect of parental attitude on LGB identity was only present among LGBs of high filial piety. This study suggests the importance of cultural values in shaping the way LGB individuals perceive their sexual identities.     

The intergenerational transmission of noncognitive skills and their effect on education and employment outcomes

We use information on second-generation migrants to study the existence of a cultural component on the formation process of noncognitive skills and its effect on education and employment outcomes. Our measures of noncognitive skills include: personality traits that children are encouraged to learn at home and inherited civic capital. Individuals whose cultural heritage places a relatively higher value to independence and, in comparison, a relative lower value on child qualities positively associated with the conscientiousness personality factor, i.e. hard work and thrift, report lower education, worse occupational status and lower wages on average. Individuals with a higher inherited civic capital declare a higher educational level, but we find no effect of inherited civic capital on adult labor market outcomes.     

So Close,So Far. The Cultural Distance of Foreigners in Italy

Social Indicators Research - The presence of foreigners in a host country is a contentious issue: opponents claim, among other things, that the cultural distance between them and natives is too...