企业IT投资决策中的关键要素分析

本文提出企业IT投资决策中常见的主要问题；分析决策中需要把握的5个关键要素，包括IT和企业价值的关系，企业战略、IT战略关系和IT投资及资金计划的长短期平衡关系，不同IT投资类型之间资源配置的平衡关系，支持业务的稳定运营和响应其快速变化的IT需求之间的平衡关系，IT技术和IT投资决策之间的关系；阐述IT投资决策的一般观点和具体方法，着重探讨不同类型应用系统各自的决策方法。     

影响企业创新过程的IT能力研究

从IT能力和创新过程的角度研究IT对企业创新的影响.基于文献及实证研究成果讨论了影响企业创新过程的多种IT能力,包括知识管理、项目管理、合作沟通、业务融合四个方面,并详细论述了各种IT能力对企业创新过程各个阶段的作用影响.     

基于复杂适应系统理论的电子商务企业IT能力研究

从企业能力研究的角度出发,采用案例分析的方法,利用复杂适应系统理论的"刺激-反应"模型对电子商务企业不同发展阶段的IT能力形成过程进行了梳理和分析。研究发现,在IT支持业务阶段,电子商务企业应对外部环境刺激的反应机制主要是保障机制和部分的应急机制,通过"刺激-反应"输出的是IT基础设施能力;在IT与业务融合阶段,应对外部环境刺激的反应机制逐渐丰富,增加了预警机制、协调机制和反馈机制,通过"刺激-反应"输出的是IT业务跨越能力;在IT引领业务阶段,反应机制中规划机制的作用愈发重要,通过"刺激-反应"输出的是IT业务引领能力。     

企业IT能力与竞争优势研究

信息技术在企业的发展过程中起着重要的作用,企业IT能力是企业集成信息资源的能力,是企业竞争力的重要组成部分。本文分析了企业IT能力的主要内容,并从高层人员的IT能力与应用、IT基础设施、IT相关能力等几个方面,探讨了企业IT能力与竞争优势之间的作用机制,阐述了企业IT能力与其效益及竞争优势之间的相关关系。     

基于IT应用的IT能力对竞争优势的影响研究

IT能力对于企业竞争优势的获得具有重要的意义,是当前信息化领域研究的热点问题之一。本文从高层人员的IT能力、IT基础设备、IT部门人力资源、业务人员IT能力、IT关系等多方面对IT能力与竞争优势之间的作用机制进行研究,为进一步研究IT能力与竞争优势之间的关系奠定了基础。     

独立学院IT融合人才培养模式的探索

本文主要从独立学院计算机专业学生的现状和社会对人才需求情况着手,研究了目前独立学院IT人才培养的现状与背景分析,从而对独立学院融合人才的培养模式进行了初步探索.     

IT人员业务能力与技术能力的互补性对企业竞争优势的影响

以资源基础观为理论指导,研究IT人员的技术能力与业务能力以及二者的协同效应对企业竞争优势的影响。在已有研究成果的基础上,构建了企业IT人员能力及其互补性与企业经营绩效关联的概念模型,通过对国内300家大中型企业的问卷调查和统计检验,验证企业IT人员的技术能力和业务能力与企业绩效都有着显著的正相关关系,而且这2种能力之间也存在较强的互补性。研究结论显示,技术能力是IT部门人员区别于其他部门的根本,业务能力使IT人员能够更好地理解企业业务,进而充分发挥IT系统的战略作用,产生的协同效应能够进一步提升企业的经营绩效。     

传统管理咨询公司业务转型策略分析

信息技术对当前管理咨询业的发展有着深远的影响,本文以中国的市场环境为背景,并且从企业纵向业务层次类型、咨询顾问素质要求、咨询服务的深度这三个方面分析了传统咨询与IT咨询业务的区别,并分析了传统管理咨询公司在当前的IT背景下所面临的机遇与挑战,提出了其业务转型的策略。     

IT外包在制造型企业信息化建设中的应用研究

IT外包作为企业信息化建设中的一项新内容,在近10年中得到了迅猛发展。本文对IT外包的概念和特点进行了阐述,分析了IT外包的优势与不足,提出了企业IT外包的策略。对IT外包在制造型企业信息化建设中的应用进行了分析和研究,进而得出结论:实施IT外包将会给很多企业的发展带来契机。     

企业运维系统建立初探

随着IT技术在企业的应用,许多企业已经建立了核心业务系统,企业的运作已经离不开IT系统了。如何保障信息系统安全可靠的运行已成为企业最为关注的问题,而传统的运行维护管理模式已经不能适应目前环境下业务的需求。因此对IT系统需要一套管理系统来支撑,这就是运行维护系统。     

建立与企业战略相适应的IT战略的路径和方法研究——对UPS和FedEx的战略匹配案例研究

IT技术的广泛应用引起了众多行业戏剧性的变化,企业管理人员越来越发现IT已成为组织的一个战略性要素,如何建立与企业战略相适应的IT战略也成为实业界和学术界讨论的热点问题。本文结合Henderson与Venkatraman提出的战略匹配模型,通过研究UPS与FedEx公司在不同竞争阶段应用相应的IT战略来支持竞争的整个发展过程,指出了UPS和FedEx在不同的环境下运用不同的战略匹配模型来选择与企业战略相匹配的IT战略的途径,从而提出了在不同的竞争环境下,根据企业关注的焦点不同,选择不同的IT战略与企业战略相适应的方法,这一方法将有助于指导企业管理人员制定与企业战略相匹配的IT战略。     

企业中基层管理人员IT应用能力建模

通过对300多位IT应用企业的中基层管理人员的问卷调研,使用验证性因子分析方法,首次建立了中基层管理人员的IT应用能力模型。采用分层回归分析方法,以高层领导的支持为控制变量,分析中基层管理人员的IT应用能力与IT应用水平之间的关系,进一步检验了中基层管理人员IT应用能力模型的有效性。研究结果表明,在考虑高层领导的支持情况下,中基层管理人员的IT应用能力对部门IT应用水平具有显著影响。其中,知识的影响力最强,其次是潜质,再次是态度。这说明在企业IT应用实践中,需要特别注重对现职中基层管理人员进行IT应用知识方面的在职培训;同时,对中基层管理人员的招聘,需要关注其知识和潜质,由于潜质较难改变,在招聘中需要特别加以重视。     

The Effect of Board of Directors’ IT Awareness on CIO Compensation and Firm Performance

Chief information officers (CIOs) play increasingly strategic roles in firms in this competitive global economy, which is now largely powered by information technology (IT). However, research has shown a lack of board of directors’ oversight on CIO‐ and IT‐related issues. Drawing on agency, resource dependence, and alignment theories, we investigate the effect of board of directors’ IT awareness on CIO compensation structure and firm performance. We conduct cross‐sectional time series analyses of data collected from various sources. Our study underlines three important findings. First, we show that some commonly known executive compensation determinants, such as individual characteristics and governance structure, do not have significant effects on CIO compensation structure. Second, with regard to CIO compensation structure, firms respond to increasing information asymmetry differently according to the level of IT awareness of their boards. Finally, firms perform better when their boards have higher levels of IT awareness, and this positive effect of IT awareness is considerably larger in IT intensive industries. Overall, our study provides empirical support for the important role of boards’ IT awareness in shaping CIO compensation and improving firm performance. Our results suggest that boards with functional area knowledge—or higher IT awareness in this case—can more effectively monitor and better incentivize executives, and consequently lead to better firm performance.     

信息技术治理影响分销渠道敏捷的机理研究

如何获取供应链敏捷是信息系统和运作管理领域共同关注的热点和前沿问题。然而，当前研究主要关注供应链流程柔性或信息技术柔性对于供应链敏捷形成的作用，忽视了供应链环境中如何通过IT治理来实现供应链的分销渠道敏捷。基于IT治理和IT-商务战略匹配理论，本文构建了一个有调节的中介模型来实证研究IT治理、企业间电子商务战略匹配（知识匹配和运作匹配）和环境动荡性影响渠道敏捷的机理。通过对209家被调查企业的数据分析发现：IT治理通过知识匹配和运作匹配对渠道敏捷产生积极正向影响；环境动荡水平越高，运作匹配所发挥的中介作用越强；环境动荡性在IT治理和知识匹配之间存在负向调节作用，而在知识匹配和渠道敏捷之间存在正向调节作用。本文通过融合IT治理和IT-商务战略匹配理论，揭示了焦点企业和渠道伙伴的IT治理对渠道敏捷的作用机理，为供应链敏捷理论贡献新知。     

中小企业IT应用及其绩效的实证分析

IT应用是解决当前中小企业管理问题的有效措施,但对此方面的研究仍然很少。本文运用创新扩散理论(DOI)对中小企业的IT应用及其绩效进行了理论分析,并对理论分析的结果运用SAS进行了实证研究。研究的结果表明,IT采用动因对IT应用准备、IT应用特性对IT项目实施、IT应用准备对IT项目实施、IT项目实施对IT应用绩效有显著的正影响作用;与有关文献的观点相异,IT采用动因对IT应用绩效有显著的负影响作用;而IT采用动因对IT项目实施,IT应用特性对IT应用绩效则无显著的影响作用。     

Information Technology and Process Performance: An Empirical Investigation of the Interaction Between IT and Non‐IT Resources*

Drawing on the resource‐based view, we propose a configurational perspective of how information technology (IT) assets and capabilities affect firm performance. Our premise is that IT assets and IT managerial capabilities are components in organizational design, and as such, their impact can only be understood by taking into consideration the interactions between those IT assets and capabilities and other non‐IT components. We develop and test a model that assesses the impact of explicit and tacit IT resources by examining their interactions with two non‐IT resources (open communication and business work practices). Our analysis of data collected from a sample of firms in the third‐party logistics industry supports the proposed configurational perspective, showing that IT resources can either enhance (complement) or suppress (by substituting for) the effects of non‐IT resources on process performance. More specifically, we find evidence of complementarities between shared business–IT knowledge and business work practice and between the scope of IT applications and an open communication culture in affecting the performance of the customer‐service process; but there is evidence of substitutability between shared knowledge and open communications. For decision making, our results reinforce the need to account for all dimensions of possible interaction between IT and non‐IT resources when evaluating IT investments.     

不确定条件下的IT外包时机选择问题研究

IT外包的业务环境、技术环境和需求的不确定性往往会引起IT服务成本的不确定性。针对IT服务成本的不确定性和IT外包投资的不可逆性,运用传统净现值方法和实物期权方法比较固定价格合同、成本加成定价合同和收益共享合同3种常见合同的外包临界值,分析3种合同下客户企业的等待价值,并讨论客户企业推迟外包情形时的等待时间。研究结果表明,实物期权方法得出的外包临界值高于净现值方法得出的外包临界值;等待价值随无风险利率的增大而减小,随漂移率、变动率的增大而增大;当漂移率与变动率平方的比值大于二分之一时,客户企业选择外包的期望等待时间受无风险利率、漂移率和变动率的影响,其他情形下客户企业的期望等待时间不受无风险利率、漂移率和变动率的影响。研究结论为不确定条件下客户企业外包与否和外包时机的选择提供理论支持和实践指导。     

Strategic Community Management with Customers: Case Study on Innovation Using IT and Multimedia Technology in Education, Medical and Welfare Fields

This paper discusses the management processes for forming strategic communities by means of strategic partnerships between businesses and customers, for introducing into the Strategic communities the knowledge of customers with a high degree of learning experience with respect to the products and services provided by the businesses, thereby creating new business models and at the same time extending the results of the strategic communities to many other associated customers. Innovations in the fields of education, medicine and welfare utilizing IT and multimedia technology over the past four years are taken as examples in this case study. Here a strategic community of business and innovative customers has established a new business model in the fields of education, medicine and welfare on the basis of IT and multimedia technology. The results of the activities of the strategic community of innovative customers were then extended to many other related customers in a chain of community creation, and the new systems were widely proliferated throughout Japan. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Rationality in Strategic Information Technology Decisions: The Impact of Shared Domain Knowledge and IT Unit Structure*

Rationality is a fundamental concept to several models of IT planning and implementation. Though the importance of following rational processes in making strategic IT decisions is well acknowledged, there is not much understanding on why discrepancies occur in the IT decision‐making process and what factors affect rationality. Drawing upon structural and resource‐based perspectives of strategy, this study examines the influence of shared domain knowledge and IT unit structure on rationality in strategic IT decisions. Data were gathered from 223 senior IT executives using a survey to examine the relationships among the research constructs. The results suggest a positive impact of shared domain knowledge and formalization of IT unit structure on rationality in strategic IT decisions. Further, a highly centralized IT unit structure was found to negatively influence shared domain knowledge. On the other hand, formalization of IT structure positively influenced shared domain knowledge. The implications of the findings for research and practice are presented.