中国手语翻译人员专业教育的开创史——记中州大学手语翻译专业的创建

2007年1月11日，劳动和社会保障部在上海召开第八批新职业信息发布会，正式向社会发布10个新职业。手语翻译员是其中之一。这在中国大陆是近年来人们翘盼的一个职业，它被登录，在我国手语翻译职业化进程中是一个具有里程碑意义的事件。     

浅析高职院校旅游专业管理人才能力的培养

随着旅游经济的全球化及快速发展,旅游业发展与人力资源质量之间的矛盾也越来越突出,其中解决这个矛盾的途径之一就是加快旅游管理人才的职业化教育。本文在阐述职业化、职业化能力内涵的基础上,结合旅游管理职业特点对旅游管理人才职业化能力进行了剖析,为旅游管理职业化教育提供理论参考。     

中国手语与对外汉语教学关系初探——以新西兰小学对外汉语课堂为例

手势促进语言发展。作者根据自身教学经验,设计进行了一系列结合中国手语的汉语教学活动并在课后向学生发放调查问卷,试图探索中国手语与对外汉语教学的关系。通过对153份有效回收问卷的分析我们得出:结合中国手语的教学法对汉语教学有积极作用,手语是增强儿童对外汉语课堂教学效果的有效工具。     

亚投行背景下国际化复合应用型翻译人才培养模式改革与创新研究

为促进本地区互联互通建设和经济一体化进程,中国倡议筹建亚洲基础设施投资银行。以"亚投行"建设为背景的中国经济已进入了新的发展阶段,如何培养适合、符合经济发展的国际化高端翻译人才是目前翻译教学面临的紧迫问题。本文以亚投行对翻译人才的需求为例,提出了中国高校对国际化复合应用型翻译人才的培养模式。     

建设职业化、专业化的社工人才队伍——中国人才研究会副会长王通讯访谈

《国家中长期人才发展规划纲要（2010～2020年）》（以下简称《规划纲要》）中一个引人关注之处是提出要“培养造就一支职业化、专业化的社会工作人才队伍”。党和国家为什么如此重视社会工作人才？怎样建设一支职业化、专业化的社会工作人才队伍？记者就此采访了中国人才研究会副会长、著名人才学家王通讯。     

翻译人才全线告急 队伍亟待专业化

日前，在北京举行的翻译教育发展国际学术研讨会上，中国翻译协会称，目前中国翻译人才缺口大，师资严重匮乏。翻译人才需求旺盛，与人才供给之间存在比较大的鸿沟，特别是高素质的中译外人才缺乏。所以才会出现企业高薪聘翻译人才，却一将难求的局面。     

论职场笔译的模式及流程

网络时代,翻译行业现代化、职业化、规范化、规模化进程不断加快,与此同时,翻译行为的市场化程度越来越高,合作翻译成为职场翻译的趋势。翻译流程中,译者的理解、表达和自校依然是不可或缺的部分。     

浅析商务英语翻译教学中存在的问题与对策

随着我国经济的不断发展与国际间交流的日益深入,对商务英语方面人才的需求量也越来越大,但由于学校培养人才的速度与质量落后于发展需要,因而商务英语翻译人才依然保持着紧缺的状态。本文就商务英语翻译的特点,结合目前教学现状,对商务英语翻译教学中存在的问题进行分析,并提出一些建议,旨在为我国经济发展提供更专业的翻译人才,促进我国经济的可持续发展。     

若想“引进来”，首要“留得住”——关于部分民办高职院校青年教师人才流失的几点思考

民办高职院校以培养高素质、高技能技术的应用型人才为目标,而培养这些人才的关键在于教师的职业化和专业化水平以及教师队伍的稳定性。因此,探索如何解决部分民办高职院校教师人才流动性极强的问题是摆在各高职院校面前一项艰巨而又意义深远的工作。     

浅谈当代翻译职业化和应用型翻译

当代翻译活动已经不再个人化的行为或工作,随着科技的发展,特别是因特网和电脑的普及,翻译活动从一个人发展到一个群体,从单打独斗到团结合作,从个人兴趣到职业化;并且,随着现代社会高速发展,主流翻译作品从文学翻译领域抽身,应用型文本,如旅游、科技、铁路、环境、法律等领域的文本成为当今翻译市场的主流。     

A preliminary investigation of the roles and backgrounds of school interpreters: Implications for training and recruiting

The backgrounds and roles of school interpreters who provide interpretation services for limited English proficient students were investigated through a survey study. The results are based on a total of 89 interpreters working in schools throughout New York State. A total of 29 languages were represented in the two samples of interpreters with Spanish being the most frequently used language. Most of the interpreters had Bachelors Degrees or higher but very few had any formal training in interpretation. The results suggest that most interpreters work on a part-time basis. The interpreters reported providing services for a number of different school personnel while fulfilling numerous roles that included interpreting during assessment sessions as well as during parent meetings. The implications of the findings are discussed from the perspectives of the training and recruiting of school interpreters. The limitations of the findings are also examined.     

The Sources of Error in Psychology

The backgrounds and roles of school interpreters who provide interpretation services for limited English proficient students were investigated through a survey study. The results are based on a total of 89 interpreters working in schools throughout New York State. A total of 29 languages were represented in the two samples of interpreters with Spanish being the most frequently used language. Most of the interpreters had Bachelors Degrees or higher but very few had any formal training in interpretation. The results suggest that most interpreters work on a part-time basis. The interpreters reported providing services for a number of different school personnel while fulfilling numerous roles that included interpreting during assessment sessions as well as during parent meetings. The implications of the findings are discussed from the perspectives of the training and recruiting ofschool interpreters. The limitations of the findings are also examined.     

Deaf access to justice in Northern Ireland: rethinking ‘Reasonable Adjustment’ in the Disability Discrimination Act

Abstract

This article provides findings of a qualitative study exploring the interactions of eight Deaf participants and one hearing ally with the justice system in Northern Ireland, where the Disability Discrimination Act requires solicitors to make ‘reasonable adjustments’ in order to provide effective access to Deaf clients. Three thematic categories emerged: (a) barriers to accessing justice, (b) work Deaf people do for access, and (c) the need to educate solicitors about access. A central strain ran through these themes: the idea that ‘reasonable adjustment’ must reflect the value of sign language interpreters in facilitating effective communication access for all the parties.     

Translation as an Alternative Space for Political Action

This article examines the genesis, dynamics and positioning of activist groups of translators and interpreters who engage in various forms of collective action. The activism of these groups is distinctive in that they use their linguistic skills to extend narrative space and empower voices made invisible by the global power of English and the politics of language. They further recognise that language and translation themselves constitute a space of resistance, a means of reversing the symbolic order. Their use of hybrid language, their deliberate downgrading of English, the constant shuffling of the order and space allocated to different languages on their websites—all this is as much part of their political agenda as their linguistic mediation of texts and utterances produced by others, in their capacity as translators and interpreters. The article examines the positioning of these groups vis-à-vis what Tarrow (2006, p. 16) terms ‘the new generation of global justice activists’ on the one hand, and professional translators and interpreters on the other, and argues that they occupy a ‘liminal’ space between the world of activism and the service economy.     

Professionalization and Cost Efficiency of Fundraising in Charitable Organizations: The Case of Charitable Foundations in China

This study examines the effects of professionalization on the cost efficiency of fundraising organizations in a unique research context, Chinese charitable foundations. Two important professionalization measures, professionalized human resource management and accounting practices, are adopted. Using data from audited annual reports from 2005 to 2009, we find that professionalization in general enables foundations to increase their fundraising cost efficiencies. However, further analysis indicates that this positive effect only occurs in private but not in public foundations. Furthermore, the positive effect of professionalization is more significant when raising unrestricted funds than when raising restricted funds from donors.

     

Acquisition of Mands,Tacts, and Intraverbals Through Sign Exposure in an Individual With Autism

Many children with autism communicate through the use of alternative communication systems, such as sign language. Limited research has been conducted on the situations under which sign language will be acquired across verbal operants without direct teaching. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate exposure to sign language on the acquisition of signed mands, tacts, and intraverbals in a male child with autism. Results indicated fast acquisition of mands, tacts, and intraverbals without direct teaching. Results are discussed in the context of future research investigating exposure without direct teaching in individuals who communicate with alternative communication systems.     

‘Civilising’ Deaf people in Tibet and Inner Mongolia: governing linguistic,ethnic and bodily difference in China

The People’s Republic of China is home to over 20 million d/Deaf and hard-of-hearing people, many among them belonging to ethnic minorities. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in two minority regions, the Tibet Autonomous Region and the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, this article comparatively discusses findings on sign language use, education and state welfare policies. The situation in these domains is analysed through the framework of the ‘civilising project’, coined by Harrell, and its impacts on the d/Deaf and hard-of-hearing among ethnic minorities are shown. For instance, through the promotion of Chinese and Chinese Sign Language over and above the use of local sign and written languages as well as through education and the medicalisation of disabilities.     

Striving to be Pure: Constructing the Idea of Grassroots Philanthropy in Chinese Cyberspace

This paper describes the features of grassroots philanthropy as viewed by the participants. Using content analysis, we show that while the mainstream discourse focuses on efficiency, accountability, and professionalism, the grassroots discourse focuses on the individual aspects, viewing philanthropy as small good deeds, a personal spiritual journey, and something that brings happiness. To avoid making this personal journey impure or less happy, the grassroots philanthropists resist practices such as formalization and professionalization. They also distance themselves from corporates and bureaucracies which they view as corrupt and hypocritical. The grassroots’ discourse has its roots in the traditional Chinese culture, and is also shaped by the realities of the transitioning Chinese society, where citizens are searching for meaning, values, and support. Such a discourse has profound influence on the organizations that embrace the grassroots values and may also impact the development of the Chinese nonprofit sector.