广西民族旅游开发与贫困缓解

旅游业的发展已成为广西民族地区缓解贫困的有效途径,但旅游扶贫功效的发挥必须保障机制,发挥政府主导作用、构建社区旅游扶贫开发模式、选择利于贫困人口发展的旅游方式、协调旅游开发与自然环境保护以及提高贫困人口人文素质,方能有利于广西民族地区贫困缓解的旅游发展战略.     

民族地区乡村微型旅游企业对家庭的影响研究

广泛分布于民族地区乡村旅游目的地的乡村微型旅游企业对农村家庭成员关系、家庭经济、家庭后代、家庭和个人兴趣产生深刻的影响;这种影响随企业业主间的差异而在多方面存在显著差异。借助微型旅游企业这一平台,乡村旅游促进农村家庭和谐、农村家庭收入提高;在与旅游者交流反思过程中,家长对后代提出了更高的要求,认识到家庭和个人的兴趣爱好与获取经济利益同样重要。对乡村微型旅游企业这一农村扶贫方式,需要从家庭的角度进行深度剖析以提高效益。     

柑香沁透千万家——吉首市民委独创扶贫新路

美丽的湘西,秀峻的群山簇拥着一颗闪亮的珍珠,这就是吉首市,湖南湘西土家族苗族自治州州府所在地.扶贫治穷,是近年来本市民族工作中一项中心任务.在市党政部门的支持下,市民委决定以实体办实事,进一步提高扶贫效益.     

基于SWOT分析下的湘西州旅游扶贫发展战略思考

旅游扶贫是近年来国际上反贫困的一种新方式。它利用旅游业广泛的联带性以及旅游资源的可循环利用特点,带动区域经济社会发展。本文在对湘西州旅游资源开发现状进行SWOT分析的基础上,提出了"大湘西,大旅游,大扶贫"的扶贫发展战略目标,阐述了实施扶贫旅游发展战略的重大意义并提出了相关的措施对策。     

民族地区旅游开发中的外部性影响及其消除

旅游业的外部性在民族地区旅游开发中表现出其特殊性,外部不经济性效应对当地的破坏作用更甚于普通旅游地.本文运用经济学中的外部性理论,主要阐述了民族地区旅游开发过程中所产生的外部经济性与不经济性,并有针对性地提出了一些内化外部不经济性的措施,对于我国民族地区旅游开发过程中环境保护、民族文化的保护性利用及旅游扶贫效应的发挥具有现实意义,期望能对当前民族地区旅游发展提供借鉴.     

民族地区旅游资源开发与精准扶贫研究——以湘西土家族苗族自治州为例

民族地区旅游资源丰富,拥有大量已开发和未被开发的独特资源。旅游业已经成为了许多民族地区经济增长点和第三产业的龙头,是推动民族地区经济社会发展的重要动力。但是,在旅游扶贫路径下是否实现了"精准扶贫",效果如何?如何提高"精准",值得研究。本文通过对湘西州近15年来在旅游资源开发下扶贫效果分析和对夯沙乡旅游发展中的旅游精准扶贫问题的研究,认为发展旅游产业是民族地区扶贫工作的抓手,政府必须在制度和政策制定上瞄准贫困,精准帮扶。     

旅游开发与民族文化和生态环境的保护:水满村的事例

旅游开发促进了民族传统文化的挖掘和展现,民族传统文化的价值在旅游开发过程中得以体现.通过建设生态和文化旅游景点保护和展现民族传统文化的同时,应考虑如何使之成为现实生活中真正有生命力的东西.从环境正义的角度着眼,经济发展、扶贫、社会资源的公平分配等都会复合性地影响到生态环境保护目标的实现.     

基于扶贫视角的中国土司遗产可持续旅游开发与保护研究

选取于2015年7月被列入世界文化遗产名录的我国土司遗产(TUSI SITES)为研究对象,分析了三处土司遗产的文化内涵和旅游价值,论述了土司遗产开展旅游的价值和现实意义,就其资源概况和开发与保护现状进行了梳理.指出其遗产旅游开发与保护面临着来自产权、 产品、体制、 资金、 动力、 分布现状这6方面的突出问题,并提出了针对性的策略建议.文章针对土司遗产跨省分布的特殊情况,结合遗址的特点和现实发展需要,构建了"遗产资源+政府部门+社区居民+社会企业=可持续发展+旅游扶贫+科学保护+互利共赢土司"的遗产旅游发展模式,创新性地将遗产旅游开发和地区扶贫相结合,以真正实现遗产所在地经济、 社会、 文化、 环境的综合协调发展和遗址原真性与完整性的保护.该研究对于刚刚加入世界遗产名录的土司遗产开展可持续性旅游开发与保护有着重要的指导意义.     

武陵山片区旅游经济发展中共生主体行为分析

武陵片区旅游资源开发对该区域经济发展意义重大。目前,武陵片区在旅游资源开发取得成效的同时,也存在部分旅游资源没有开发出来,有些旅游资源开发不合理的情况。本文通过对社会效益,经济效益,生态效益,文化效益和品牌效益的良性循环分析,探索武陵片区旅游经济开发中的政府力量、开发者力量、旅游者力量等的内在联系的动力作用,以推动进武陵片区旅游经济发展的良性循环。     

武陵山片区旅游经济发展中共生主体行为分析

武陵片区旅游资源开发对该区域经济发展意义重大。目前,武陵片区在旅游资源开发取得成效的同时,也存在部分旅游资源没有开发出来,有些旅游资源开发不合理的情况。本文通过对社会效益,经济效益,生态效益,文化效益和品牌效益的良性循环分析,探索武陵片区旅游经济开发中的政府力量、开发者力量、旅游者力量等的内在联系的动力作用,以推动进武陵片区旅游经济发展的良性循环。     

西方旅游人类学研究述评

旅游人类学研究在西方历经 4 0年的发展 ,形成了多种理论、观点 ,积累了一定的研究成果。学者们从目的地社会、游客以及客源地社会等不同视角出发 ,分别形成旅游是一种涵化和发展的形式、旅游是一种现代世俗仪式、旅游是一种上层建筑等不同观点。本文试从这三个不同视角入手 ,对西方旅游人类学研究的发展作一简要述评 ,希望对刚刚起步的国内旅游人类学研究能有一点借鉴作用     

基于TEF模型的青海省旅游业可持续发展评价

将旅游者生态足迹用于地区旅游业可持续发展评价的出发点,是把地区的旅游生态承载力作为可持续发展的根本制约因素,探讨与旅游活动相关的生态消费水平与地区生态供给能力之间的关系,以此确定地区旅游业发展的可持续性.本文以青海省作为研究对象,在对其2000～2007年旅游者生态足迹进行计算的基础上,评价了青海旅游业发展的可持续性,并在可能改善的领域进行分析,探讨促进与改善青海省旅游业可持续性的途径.     

民族村寨旅游业高质量发展的评价体系构建

推动民族村寨旅游业高质量发展,既是适应新时代社会主要矛盾转变的客观要求,又是发展民族地区经济和复兴民族传统文化的必然选择。只有构建科学的评价体系,才能为进一步完善民族村寨旅游业高质量发展提供方向指导。本文基于新发展理念,从产业创新发展、产业协调发展、产业绿色发展、产业开放发展和产业共享发展五个维度评估了包括旅游创新机制、城乡协调、产业资源共享等在内的15个指标层级和32个具体指标的民族村寨旅游业高质量发展评价体系。该评价体系可以初步掌握民族村寨旅游资源的利用质量及效果,及时反映出民族村寨旅游业高质量发展的整体情况,从而精准民族村寨旅游业高质量发展靶向。     

我国人口较少民族民营经济发展初探

我国人口较少民族的民营经济从整体上看尚处于起步阶段,具有从业人员少、发展不平衡、规模小和投入少等特点.传统因素的制约、消费环境欠佳、经济贫困、基础设施差和自身素质较差,是导致我国人口较少民族民营经济发展滞缓的重要因素.要想加快人口较少民族民营经济的发展,就必须进一步完善基础设施建设,大力提高人口素质,突出旅游业,大力发展多元经济和外向型经济.     

边境旅游业在沿边地区扶贫中的作用

边境旅游作为一种特殊的旅游形式 ,其发展必将对沿边地区的经济发展发挥特殊的作用。以发展边境旅游业带动沿边地区脱贫致富 ,是近年来旅游部门主动参与扶贫工作的创举 ,也是从实践中总结出的推动旅游业深入发展的新思路。它不仅为我国经济欠发达的沿边地区经济发展和群众脱贫致富开辟了新的途径 ,也为我国旅游经济的持续发展找到了一个新的经济增长点。以边境旅游业的发展带动沿边地区经济的发展 ,是旅游业的一项重要功能。     

西部民族地区旅游生态补偿政策实施的实践探索

The ethnic regions of Western Chi￣na are rich in ecological and cultural tourism re￣sources. At the same time, the regions are also ec￣ologically vulnerable areas with large populations of ethnic groups who have lived for a long time in poverty. Based on years’ investigation, it is obvi￣ous that tourism development, even though it can promote local economic development, has had a significant negative impact on the ecology, envi￣ronment and local communities. During the 18 th and 17 th National Congresses of the Communist Pary of China, a policy was announced to improve ecological compensation and accelerate the estab￣lishment of an ecological compensation mecha￣nism. So far, both government and academia have mainly focused on the effects and necessities of building a mechanism for ecological compensation. Of special concern, even if governments at all lev￣els sequentially enacted a series of policie with cer￣tain characteristics of ecological compensation, the public is still questioning the impartiality and legit￣imacy of the charges of such policy of ecological compensation. Thus, the task of implementing the ecological compensation policy faces many obsta￣cles. At present, the core research issue on eco￣logical compensation is no longer just the question of why it should be charged. This question was al￣ready clearly stated in official documents from cen￣tral government. Up to now, the core issues that need clarification are:in practice, how the charge be made; what amount of money should be charged;how will the revenue from the charge be used;how will the revenue derived from the charge be audited; and whether or not this charge can help to achieve government objectives in such a way.
Based on the unique background of the ethnic regions of Western China, this paper deeply analy￣ses issues of implementing policies such as ecologi￣cal compensation for tourism, including the illegi￣bility and legitimacy of who should pay, how much should be paid, and how to manage the funds im￣partially; and providing scientific and reasonable countermeasures to solve these practical problems. Compared with other industries, the tourism indus￣try became the pioneer for the practice of ecologi￣cal compensation as well as the research objective of ecological compensation studies. Some research￣ers defined ecological compensation for tourism as a system of regulating related ecological interests to protect the ecosystems of tourism destinations and promote sustainable development of the tourism in￣dustry ( Zhang Yiqun, Yang Guihua, 2012 ) . Al￣though such a definition is still fuzzy, at least it in￣dicates that the research of ecological compensation for tourism involves interdisciplinary fields inclu￣ding Economics, Sociology, Ecology and Tourism, etc. Currently, the research of ecological compen￣sation for tourism has insufficient first hand empiri￣cal research data. At the same time it has not yet had nationwide impact, either domestically or over￣seas. The research on implementing policies for the ecological compensation of tourism is at an early stage in China.
Obviously, it is hard to find sufficient re￣search results or research methods for reference, which brings certain limitations to this paper. To demonstrate the scope of this study, this paper de￣fined tourism ecological compensation as exploring the feasibility of spending fiscal revenue ( paid by tourism enterprises, tourists or other stakeholders) on protecting natural ecological environment. Based on this definition, this paper generated three actual issues with regard to implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism, including the vagueness of the charge, the lack of unified, standard levies, and the non-tranparency of fund management. Combined with analyzing the current special background of implementing policies of ec￣ological compensation for tourism in the ethnic re￣gions of Western China, and by especially empha￣sizing the local communities of the ethnic groups who should be compensated, this paper tries to provide scientific and reasonable countermeasures consisting of implementing corresponding national policy, formulating correlated policy in accordance with local conditions and standardizing and institu￣tionalizing fund management. This paper not only attempts to support strongly implementing policies of ecological compensation for tourism at the insti￣tutional level, but also to coordinate the contradic￣tions between tourism development and ecological protection, and local community self - develop￣ment, hoping to achieve the win-win objectives of promoting an ecological compensation policy for tourism, tourism poverty alleviation and ecological civilization.     

扶贫视阈下甘孜州县域旅游产业竞争力研究

Tourism is the pillar industry of Ganzi Prefecture, and it is of great practical signif-icance to the study of the competitiveness of county-level tourism industry in Ganzi Prefecture. This paper constructs an indicator system of evaluating competitiveness of the county tourism industry from four dimensions, including the development of the tourism industry, the development of related indus-tries, the economic environment and transport con-ditions. The paper studies the competitiveness of the county tourism industry of Ganzi prefecture in 2013 via the entropy method, and then analyzes the differences and shortcomings of the county’s ca-pability to alleviate poverty through tourism. The results show that, first of all, the various counties’ capability to alleviate poverty through tourism in Ganzi is obviously different from each other: the eastern counties are relatively strong in this area, the northern counties are somewhere in the middle, and the southern counties struggle. Secondly, the development of tourism and related industries has a great impact on the competitiveness of the county tourism industry, and that the counties generally have shortcomings in their transport conditions. Thirdly, the restricting factors on the competitive-ness of the county tourism industry are complicat-ed, and the strategy of tourism development should be formulated with regard to these issues. Based on this situation, this article proposes the following suggestions: 1 ) Various counties in Ganzi prefecture should strengthen their research into and promotion of poverty alleviation through tourism, accelerate the development of their basic infrastructure, and improve the transport condi-tions;2 ) the counties in the east of the prefecture should increase investment into transportation, op-timize their industrial structure, and promote the development of the tertiary service sector; 3 ) the counties in the north should develop their own po-tential, strengthen economic construction, improve GDP per capita, and promote the service industry, including restaurants and hotels; 4 ) The counties in the south should pay attention to the publicizing and construction of their own brand of tourism, im-proving their brand awareness and popularity. In summary, Ganzi prefecture should take poverty alleviation as a chance to innovate a meth-od for poverty alleviation, paying special attention to poverty alleviation through tourism, improving relevant policies, and promoting the tourism indus-try of its counties.     

中国京族聚集地旅游业可持续发展研究

京族是中国人口较少民族之一,京族聚集地具备优良的旅游资源,金滩景区已有10多年的旅游开发历史,但旅游开发一直处于较低的层面上进行。了解中国京族聚集地旅游业发展现状、面临问题,加强其旅游业可持续发展对策研究,对发展京族民族经济,增进民族和谐和促进对越南的友好交流等方面具有重要意义。     

日喀则地区旅游开发研究

日喀则在西藏、在中国西部是具有代表性的地区,富有很多堪称极品的旅游资源,发展旅游业有着先天的资源优势.文章通过对日喀则地区旅游资源与产品、市场的对应研究出发,探索日喀则地区旅游业发展过程中的产品开发策略,试图为西藏及西部地区的旅游产业寻求一条有效的发展道路.     

少数民族地区社区参与旅游的影响因素与措施

社区参与旅游是实现旅游业可持续发展的有效途径。少数民族地区由于旅游资源和环境的独特性,旅游业的发展更离不开社区的参与合作。通过对少数民族地区社区参与旅游发展的意义和影响因素分析,提出了少数民族地区社区参与旅游发展的措施。