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1.
国产设备投资抵免所得税退回税款如何做账务处理? 问:我公司本月收到税务局退回上年度国产设备投资抵免所得税款,请问如何做账务处理?是计入本月“补贴收入”?还是调整本期所得税费用?或是直接计入“利润分配——未分配利润”参与本年度利润分配?如有相  相似文献   

2.
2006年颁布的《企业会计准则第18号——所得税》规定,企业所得税核算采用资产负债表债务法。而企业除日常的交易或事项会涉及递延所得税核算外。还存在一些如直接计入所有者权益、企业合并、所得税税率变动以及纳税亏损和税款抵免等特殊的交易或事项产生递延所得税的影响,本文通过对特殊交易或事项涉及的递延所得税核算进行实例分析,以便加强资产负债表债务法在实践中的运用。  相似文献   

3.
税收筹划不仅是一种合理、合法行为,受国家政策的保护并得到政府 鼓励,更关键的是进行税收筹划可以为您省下白花花的银子—— 税收筹划是指纳税人在既定的税法和税制框架内,在不违背税收立法精神 的前提下,在存在多种纳税疗案时进行优化选择,以减轻税负的经济行为。依 法纳税是纳税人应尽的义务,相对地,依法进行税收筹划也是纳税人应有的权利。 各种税种的筹划与会计处理方法的选择有着密切的联系,尤其是所得税纳 税筹划与会计处理方法的选择关系更为密切。以下是笔者在工作实践中,对所 得税、增值税和个人所得税的税收筹划方案,企业可以根据自己的实际情况进 行选择。  相似文献   

4.
随着经济的发展,会计收益与应税收益之间的差异越来越显著。因此,所得税会计在会计处理中显得极为重要。近几十年来,我国所得税会计得到了完善和发展,但是也在某些方面存在不足。所得税会计存在核算方法不统一、科目设置不完整、以及披露内容不完全等问题。针对这些情况本文建议企业应统一采用资产负债表债务法核算所得税,应增设"递延所得税资产"和"递延所得税负债"科目,增设披露事项等方法来处理。  相似文献   

5.
近年来,随着国家宏观调控政策及对中小企业发展的支持,企业获得政府的补助在金额、种类上越来越多,企业会计人员在会计、所得税处理方式、存在诸多困惑。本文就针对目前与政府补助、财政性资金相关的会计及税收方面的相关政策归纳,并对会计及所得税处理进行分析。  相似文献   

6.
本文通过对英美德等国股息所得税制度改革的考察,总结其改革的特点和经验,揭示发达国家股息所得税改革对完善我国证券所得税税收体制改革的借鉴意义.  相似文献   

7.
垄断不仅会造成效率损失也会恶化收入分配,亦会对劳动所得税和货币政策的最优设计产生重要影响。本文首先构建一个代表性居民模型,从效率视角剖析垄断对最优的劳动所得税和货币政策的影响机理;进而将其拓展为异质性居民模型,利用数值模拟考察垄断引致的公平与效率的权衡及其对最优的劳动所得税和货币政策以及宏观经济(产出、居民收入差距和社会总福利)的影响。研究表明,就效率视角而言,Ramsey政府的最优政策选择是利用累退的劳动所得税矫正垄断造成的劳动供给扭曲,而使名义利率为零(即遵循Fried?man规则)。考虑居民异质性和收入分配后,在完全竞争市场条件下,Friedman规则仍然成立且最优劳动所得税为累进的,故可促进效率提升和基尼系数下降;而在垄断市场条件下,最优劳动所得税的累进性较弱且随垄断加剧而减弱但倾向于存在一个下限,致使居民收入差距先是不断增大而后较稳定,但这是以名义利率增加进而较大的效率损失为代价的。因此,实现公平与效率并重需要消除垄断、营造更具竞争性的市场环境。  相似文献   

8.
本文基于1998~2007年中国工业企业微观数据,以中国在2002年实施的所得税分享改革为背景,考察了税收分成比例的变化对于企业逃税的影响。本次改革降低了地方政府的企业所得税分成比例,导致了地方政府税收征管权和收益权的分离,从而外生地降低了地方税务局的税收努力程度,却不影响国家税务局的税收努力。基于倍差法的研究表明,相比于在国税局缴税的企业,所得税分享改革后,在地税局缴税的企业其所得税逃税水平有显著的增加。进一步的,我们发现在所得税增长越快的地区,上述效应越明显,这主要源于所得税分享改革采取的增量分成模式。本文的研究结论对于未来税收体制的改革具有重要的启示。  相似文献   

9.
出于"节约"税收成本的考虑,民营企业隐藏利润的现象十分普遍,与上市有关的税收问题也是其关注的焦点。由于所得税中的包税、减免税和补税等问题较为复杂和敏感,不仅关系到公司会计处理和财务信息披露的准确和真实,还涉及到对公司在过去的经营中是否存在违反税法行为的判断。因此,无论是发行人及其注册会计师和律师,还是股票发行的审核人员,在申报和审核过程中,对公司的所得税问题都给予了较多的关注。本文以两家成功的案例,分析了如何在上市过程中进行所得税"筹划"。  相似文献   

10.
本文阐述了我国信息服务业相关的税收优惠政策,分析了实施中存在的问题,并提出提高税收优惠政策效率、适当放宽优惠政策条件、建立多样的税收优惠形式、允许税收抵免结转和改变亏损结转年限、实行信息服务业人力资本税收优惠政策等对策建议。  相似文献   

11.
Investments with exit flexibility require decisions regarding both the investment and holding period. Because selling an investment often leads to taxable capital gains, which crucially depend on the duration of an investment, we investigate the impact of capital gains taxation on exit timing under different tax systems. We observed that capital gains taxation delays exit decisions but loses its decision relevance for very long holdings. Often the optimal exit time, which indicates the maximal present value of future cashflows, cannot be determined analytically. However, we identify the breakeven exit time that guarantees present values exceeding those of an immediate sale. While, after-taxes, an immediate sale is often optimal, long holding periods might also be attractive for investors depending on the degree of income and corporate tax integration. A classic corporate tax system often indicates holdings over more than 100 periods. By contrast, a shareholder relief system indicates the earliest breakeven exit time and thus the highest level of exit timing flexibility. Surprisingly, high retention rates are likely to accelerate sales under a classic corporate system. Additionally, the worst exit time, which should be avoided by investors, differs tremendously across tax systems. For an integrated tax system with full imputation, the worst time is reached earlier than under partial or non-integrated systems. These results could help to predict investors’ behavior regarding changes in capital gains taxation and thus are of interest for both investors and tax policymakers. Furthermore, the results emphasize the need to control for the underlying tax system in cross-country empirical studies.  相似文献   

12.
This paper analyses for various corporate tax systems whether the capital gains tax distorts investment decisions and how tax effects could eventually be neutralized. In case of the disposal of shares between private investors the capital gains tax, the corporate tax and the income tax on dividends induce a triple taxation. On the contrary, distributing cash via share repurchases instead of paying out dividends can lower the tax burden in a classical corporate tax system and a shareholder relief system respectively. These findings necessitate the differentiation between share repurchases and other realizations of stocks in order to establish a neutral capital gains tax. While the capital gains taxation on transactions between private investors has to be reduced, the taxation of share repurchases must be matched with the respective dividend taxation.  相似文献   

13.
Subject of this article is the question for the taxation of capital gains of holdings in corporations, in which tax effects are reduced. Thereby tax effects are explicated under realistic uncertainty. Under realistic uncertainty tax effects are possible in case of taxation of capital gains, but not mandatory. Furthermore the analysis shows that for capital gains from concealed reserves each form of taxation will entail tax effects. This also applies to tax exemption. In the case of capital gains from profit reserves in the applicable corporate income tax system, tax exemption of capital gains from profit reserves and immediate write-off of profit reserves itself evoke tax effects. In the current corporate tax system only the distribution induced write-down of a shareholding to going concern value reduces tax effects. Nevertheless, this only applies to personal corporations, for public corporations tax effects have to be accepted. Beyond the valid tax system, tax effects must also be expected in a tax system, in which the corporate tax is integrated in the income tax and in which capital gains from profit reserves are tax-exempt. In comparison, the Dual Income Tax as proposed by the German Council of Economic Experts is a better solution for the problem of tax effects caused by the tax exemption of capital gains.  相似文献   

14.
Zusammenfassung  Der vorliegende Beitrag integriert die Auswirkungen der Regelungen zur Besteuerung von Einkünften aus ausl?ndischen Kapitalgesellschaften in die Discounted Cashflow-Methodik. Bewertungsobjekt ist eine ausl?ndische Kapitalgesellschaft, der von einem inl?ndischen Anteilseigner oder von fremden Dritten Finanzmittel zugeführt werden. Da das Steuerrecht nicht entscheidungsneutral ist, sind die beiden Finanzierungsalternativen Eigen-oder Fremdfinanzierung nicht als gleichwertig zu beurteilen. Unterschiedliche steuerliche Effekte ergeben sich daraus, dass Zinsen bei der Tochterkapitalgesellschaft grunds?tzlich als Betriebsausgaben abzugsf?hig sind, wohingegen Dividenden aus dem bereits versteuerten Einkommen gezahlt werden (sog. Tax Shield). Im grenzüberschreitenden Fall wird mit der Entscheidung für eine Finanzierungsalternative gleichzeitig bestimmt, in welchem Umfang die mit der Finanzierung einhergehenden Kapitalertr?ge der deutschen oder der ausl?ndischen Besteuerung unterworfen werden. Die H?he des Tax Shield h?ngt damit nicht nur von den Abzugsm?glichkeiten der Fremdkapitalzinsen ab, sondern auch vom Steuerniveau im Ausland. Damit müssen in der Unternehmensbewertung die in- und ausl?ndischen Steuervorschriften, die Steuers?tze im In- und Ausland, sowie eventuell bestehende Doppelbesteuerungsabkommen berücksichtigt werden.
Effects of the tax regulations on the taxation of income from foreign corporations
Summary  The present article integrates the effects of the tax regulations on the taxation of income from foreign corporations in the discounted cash flow method. The item to be assessed is foreign corporation that is allocated funds (equity capital or borrowed capital) by a domestic shareholder or an unaffiliated third party. In this cross-border case, the decision in favor of one financing alternative or the other will at the same time determine the extent to which the capital yields associated with the financing are liable to taxation in Germany or abroad. The amount of the tax shield therefore not only depends on the deductibility of interest payments on debt, it also depends on the rate of tax abroad. When assessing the company it will therefore be necessary to bear in mind both domestic and overseas tax regulations, domestic and overseas tax rates as well as any existing double taxation agreements.
  相似文献   

15.
The internationalisation of financial accounting and the European Commission’s ambition to harmonise corporate taxation have raised the question whether IFRS accounts could be used for tax purposes. In order to quantify the effects of an IFRS-based taxation on corporate tax burdens in different EU member states, we estimate firms’ tax equity using notes on income taxes in IFRS financial statements of companies listed in Austria, Germany, and The Netherlands. The difference between estimated tax equity and IFRS-equity, adjusted for the effect resulting from the recognition of deferred taxes, shows the effect of using IFRS as a tax base on the present value of corporate taxes. We find that estimated tax equity is mostly lower than IFRS-equity, indicating that an IFRS-based taxation would often increase the present value of corporate taxes. The median of estimated tax equity is 5.6 % (Austria), 6.4 % (Germany) and 9.0 % (The Netherlands) below IFRS-equity. However, an IFRS-based taxation does not always induce higher equity as often argued in the literature. In 307 of 1,113 totally analysed firm-years, estimated tax equity exceeds IFRS-equity. To find a further estimation for the effects of tax base reforms we also approximate the total stock of unused tax losses and the amount of useable tax losses. We find that deferred tax assets for unused tax losses are depreciated to a substantial extent.  相似文献   

16.
针对中小企业融资困境的现实,本文基于贸易信用融资模式,引入税盾效应,建立了由单一核心供应商和单一经销商组成的含税盾的贸易信用模型,探讨有融资需求的经销商进行订货、核心供应商定价的决定策略,探究不同计息方式的价值实现和融资模式优选。通过stackbelberg博弈、比较分析和算例验证,研究发现以订货量确定为基准,融资需求出现的时点对供应链企业计息方式的选择均有影响。税法关于利息抵扣上限、贸易信用贷款利率、订货量等均影响经销商计息方式的选择,融资额度影响其订货策略;生产成本的差额、定价策略影响供应商的计息方式。  相似文献   

17.
Shareholders can decide if their corporation issues risky or risk-free debt. We identify tax systems in which the choice between risky and risk-free debt is not distorted by taxes. These credit default neutral tax systems make it possible to make capital structure decisions and firm valuations neglecting credit default risk, even after taxes. Thus credit default neutrality is a characteristic of a tax system that helps to reduce planning costs. Moreover, credit default neutrality is a necessary condition for financial neutrality of taxation. We find one class of credit default neutral taxes that preserves and another class that modifies the expected tax distribution between creditors and debtor firm. Finally, we show the influence of personal taxation on credit default neutrality.
Jochen HundsdoerferEmail:
  相似文献   

18.
为探讨税率、税基和税额优惠对中国上市公司财务保守行为的影响,建立了产品市场竞争条件下税率、税基和税额优惠影响融资行为的数学模型,以中国上市公司2001年~2005年数据为样本,以法定税率作为税率优惠的替代变量,以修正的实际税率作为税基和税额优惠的替代变量,使用LOGIT回归分析,在一个统一的框架内检验不同形式的税收优惠对财务保守行为的影响,使不同形式的税收优惠与融资行为的关系更明确,同时较好地克服了回归分析中的内生性问题.研究结果表明,较少的税基和税额优惠是导致上市公司财务保守的重要原因,而税率优惠对上市公司是否财务保守影响不大,该结论对于更好地发挥企业所得税优惠政策的经济调控功能有重要的指导意义.  相似文献   

19.
Measuring tax distortions with neutrality-based effective tax rates   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
In public economics, effective tax rates (ETRs) are often used to measure the combined effects of tax rates, tax bases, and the time effect of taxation. Until now, the modelling of comparable figures for revealing tax effects and tax-induced distortions is not solved satisfactorily. This paper derives an ETR approach based on neutral tax systems. In contrast to traditional measures of ETRs, the neutrality-based ETR discloses preferential or discriminatory taxation of investments regardless of their pre-tax rate of return. Moreover, comparing different ETRs exposes the degree of tax-induced investment distortions.
Deborah KnirschEmail:
  相似文献   

20.
基于网络外部性的商品税与产品差异化分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
利用纵向产品差异模型,研究了在具有网络外部性特征的双寡头市场结构的产业中,产品税收和网络外部性对产品纵向差异化的影响.考虑政府对所有产品实行统一税率的情形,政府首先制定税率;然后,企业选择其产品质量;最后,企业进行价格竞争.研究结果表明,网络外部性和税收将使企业产品质量差异偏离社会最优质量差异,小量税收将提高社会福利,并随网络外部性的增强而增加.  相似文献   

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