基于创新过程的中小企业创新能力评价研究

构建了基于创新过程的中小企业创新能力评价体系,通过对我国东北地区235家中小企业的实证研究,分析我国中小企业的创新能力结构,并对其创新能力指标进行测算.对"创新绩效"和"创新过程"2类视角的企业创新能力评价研究进行了比较分析,认为定性指标和"创新过程"类评价方法更适用于中小企业的创新能力评价.构建了基于"创新过程"的中小企业创新能力评价体系,通过探测性因子分析,明确我国中小企业创新能力的结构为创新实现能力、创新推广能力和创新发起能力,构建了中小企业创新能力的评价模型.最后,应用因子分析模型测算中小企业的创新能力评价指标.     

企业创新能力评价系统分析与实现

创新能力是一个企业发展的关键因素,为了更好地对企业的创新能力进行评价,利用模糊综合评价法建立企业创新能力评价指标体系模型。以Microsoft Visual Studio 2008作为前台开发工具,SQL Sever 2005作为后台数据库编制了企业创新能力评价系统实现快速计算以及便于查询评价结果等功能。     

企业创新能力四层次嵌套生态模型及其评价应用

本文以企业技术创新生态的最新实践为抽象基础，借鉴生态学相关理论，从个体、种群、群落和环境维度建立四层次嵌套企业生态系统创新能力模型，构建企业生态创新能力评价指标体系，运用层次分析法对指标进行赋权，以10家世界医药行业巨头为样本进行创新能力评价和分析。结果表明，企业边界内部个体创新能力和外部种群及群落互补能力是相互影响的，外部能力的短缺会导致企业内部能力后劲不足，从而导致整体创新能力下降，这为我国医药企业创新能力提升路线图设计提供了现实经验和理论支撑。     

动态环境下企业持续成长的模型与构建

动态环境对企业的持续成长提出了挑战,企业如何持续成长的问题实质就是企业竞争优势如何持续的问题.在持续竞争优势的基础上提出了企业持续成长模型,深入分析了持续竞争优势的构建及其驱动因素,建立了竞争优势的动态管理模型,通过对主导优势和辅助优势进行选择、培育、更新和主动破坏等动态管理过程,获得企业在总体竞争优势上的持续发展.     

基于可拓方法的企业隐性知识管理绩效评价研究

企业隐性知识高效管理是企业获得持续竞争优势的关键,是实现企业知识创造和技术创新的核心环节.本文将可拓评价方法应用于企业隐性知识管理绩效评价中,并通过实际应用的研究,分析了该评价模型的应用方法及特点,对企业隐性知识管理的定性、定量综合评价方法进行了创新性研究,为企业的知识管理决策提供一种科学实用的新方法.     

层次分析法在企业竞争力评价研究中的应用

随着我国顺利加入WTO,面临更加激烈的竞争环境,企业如何才能在市场中确立自己的竞争优势,从而得以持续而稳定地发展.为此,企业必须充分认识到企业竞争力的重要性.基于以上原因,本文在研究、分析竞争力理论的基础上.建立了竞争力效果的模糊综合评价模型,对我国企业如何获取竞争力的问题进行了实证分析,并结合我国企业竞争力现状以及影响企业核心竞争力的因素,为我国企业如何获取竞争力提出了一些建议.     

企业创新激励:来自中国劳动力成本上升的解释

当前,国内传统的依靠廉价劳动力发展的制造业面临劳动力成本持续上升的挑战,产业结构转型成为一大关键。本文借助内生增长模型和知识生产函数分析了劳动力成本上升对企业创新能力的影响,利用1998~2007年期间中国工业企业数据库,测算劳动力成本对制造业企业创新能力的激励弹性系数,发现企业的创新能力随着劳动力成本的上升而上升。此外,我们采用工具变量及两阶段最小二乘法对命题做进一步探讨,并通过代理变量法、Tobit以及Truncated模型对结论的稳健性进行检验,随后分析了劳动力成本上升对不同年龄企业创新能力的影响程度。最后,我们就以上分析提出相应政策建议。     

基于灰色多层次模型的中小型物流企业核心竞争力评价

针对中小型物流企业在物流行业发展形势下遇到的问题,结合系统工程的思路方法,以中小型物流企业核心竞争力的创新能力、技术能力、整合能力为基本因素建立了多层次评价体系和灰色评价模型并将该模型应用到具体实例当中对企业的核心竞争力进行评估,结果表明模型适用于中小型物流企业核心竞争力的综合评价,能有效地对其核心竞争力进行测评并给予改进。     

中国西部区域知识创新能力评价与比较

本文首先对区域知识创新能力的相关研究和评价进行一个简要综述,然后对区域知识创新能力进行概念界定并据此建立一个评价区域知识创新能力的指标体系,最后运用因子分析的方法来对2011年西部省份的区域知识创新能力进行评价分析,并根据评价结果提出提高西部区域知识创新能力的对策建议。     

基于灰色关联分析法的陕西省科技创新能力评价

区域科技创新能力是决定地方经济发展的关键因素。构建科技创新能力评价指标体系,以关联度视角运用灰色关联分析法建立评价模型,对陕西省2007至2011年科技创新能力进行纵向评价与讨论,发现近年来其科技创新能力显著提高,但仍存在一些亟待解决的问题,主要表现在科技创新投入、科技创新产出、科技创新环境和企业科技创新水平四个方面。最后提出加大科技经费投入、加快人才引进,建立全社会多渠道科技创新融资平台;重视科技资源配置模式;优化科技创新环境;组建产业联盟等建议。     

Evaluating correlated outcomes and sources of new information

This paper considers the difficulties associated with evaluating the expected value of additional information when the outcomes of various decision alternatives may be correlated. Such correlation is explained in terms of dependence of outcomes on common exogenous factors and it is argued that decisions regarding what, if any, additional information to collect should take such dependencies into account. A model-based ‘fixed-parameter’ approach to evaluating EVPI in such a context is developed and compared to the traditional ‘fixed-correlation’ approach. The results suggest that different assumptions about the issue of correlation can produce different, sometimes contradictory, conclusions about the expected value of additional information and bence, should be explicitly stated as part of any pre-posterior analysis. A hybrid model encompassing both approaches and rooted in the theory of psychology of inference is then proposed and illustrated.     

Performance analysis of a multi-agent scheduling and control system under manufacturing disturbances

This paper is concerned with evaluating the performance of alternative multi-agent approaches to manufacturing planning and control. In order to separate the influence of ‘control algorithm’ from that of ‘control architecture’, a simple local control algorithm is chosen as a common starting point for developing the agent-based system. Two sets of experiments are then reported to evaluate how changes in individual agent characteristics can affect the control system's flexibility and adaptability against disturbances. These experiments show that the manufacturing and control system performance is not affected by architecture if the control algorithm remains fixed, however, altering the characteristics of the control system decision-makers influences both systems’ performance.     

确定电力营销目标市场的优度评价方法研究

本文首先建立了一套用以确定电力营销目标市场的优度评价的指标体系,通过建立用电细分市场的物元模型,运用物元的可拓性,将供电企业和用电客户两方面的指标量化,按照统一规范化运算,得出便于比较的优度,根据优度排序选择出目标市场。最后,本文以一个算例对确定目标市场的优度评价方法进行了实证研究。     

Evaluating the performance capability of a multi-organization system

A model for evaluating the performance capability of a multi-organization system is introduced. The model is based on hierarchical-modular decomposition of the components which determine system performance up to the level where they can be measured quantitatively, or at least qualitatively, in an objective or subjective manner. Performance measures are obtained by incorporating these components into multi-attribute evaluation functions. The model provides decision makers with a tool for quantitative assessment of performance, identification of bottlenecks, a framework for ‘what-if’ simulation and a mean for conflict resolution during planning. Application of the model to the Israeli Water Resources Development System provides an illustrative example.     

Interpreting Null Results from Measurements with Uncertain Correlations: An Info‐Gap Approach

Null events—not detecting a pernicious agent—are the basis for declaring the agent is absent. Repeated nulls strengthen confidence in the declaration. However, correlations between observations are difficult to assess in many situations and introduce uncertainty in interpreting repeated nulls. We quantify uncertain correlations using an info‐gap model, which is an unbounded family of nested sets of possible probabilities. An info‐gap model is nonprobabilistic and entails no assumption about a worst case. We then evaluate the robustness, to uncertain correlations, of estimates of the probability of a null event. This is then the basis for evaluating a nonprobabilistic robustness‐based confidence interval for the probability of a null.     

信息混沌环境下区域物流能力盲数测评模型

以盲数作为数学工具建立了区域物流能力的盲数测评模型.模型的基本思路是:首先构建区域物流能力构成要素的层次分析体系;然后采用改进的Delphi法建立模糊一致判断矩阵,确定各构成要素的权重;再将专家的评分结果表示成盲数并计算盲数均值;最后采用加权评分的方法得到区域物流能力总的测算值.设计了一个算例,算例表明模型的可行性和适用性.     

How to design a financial planning model.

Corporate planning models frequently consist of integrated pro forma income statements, statements of financial position, and cashflow statements. When implemented by utilizing computer-based planning systems, these models allow managers to explore potential decisions in ‘what if?’ planning analyses.The logic of an integrated financial statement planning model can be arranged following either a ‘funds needed to balance approach’ or a ‘direct approach’. With a funds needed to balance approach total assets are set equal to total liabilities plus equities to satisfy this fundamental accounting identity. Logic in such models is often difficult to validate. In the direct approach, total assets are calculated independently of total liabilities plus equities providing an extremely strong test for model validation prior to using the model to assess ‘what if’ alternatives.In this paper, the author discusses the logic of integrated financial planning models and their implementation with computer-based planning systems. The funds need to balance approach and the direct approach are described and contrasted to assist corporate planners in evaluating and selecting a method for constructing the logic of corporate planning models.     

基于BP神经网络的电子政务绩效评价研究

在构建电子政务绩效评价指标体系的基础上,提出了一种基于BP神经网络的电子政务绩效综合评价方法。神经网络方法有效克服了现有专家评价方法的不足,为评价电子政务系统的建设质量、成本耗费及绩效水平提供了一种新的模型。     

Lower Bounds on Approximation Errors to Numerical Solutions of Dynamic Economic Models

We propose a novel methodology for evaluating the accuracy of numerical solutions to dynamic economic models. It consists in constructing a lower bound on the size of approximation errors. A small lower bound on errors is a necessary condition for accuracy: If a lower error bound is unacceptably large, then the actual approximation errors are even larger, and hence, the approximation is inaccurate. Our lower‐bound error analysis is complementary to the conventional upper‐error (worst‐case) bound analysis, which provides a sufficient condition for accuracy. As an illustration of our methodology, we assess approximation in the first‐ and second‐order perturbation solutions for two stylized models: a neoclassical growth model and a new Keynesian model. The errors are small for the former model but unacceptably large for the latter model under some empirically relevant parameterizations.     

我国外债规模与结构最优控制的非线性目标规划模型及应用

本文讨论了外债规模与结构最优控制的目标及对约束条件的确定,进而建立了优化外债规模与结构的非线性目标规划模型,并以中国的实际情况为实例进行了求解和分析．得到了我国外债最优的规模与结构及一些有意义的建议。