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1.
面向虚拟企业的蚁群劳动分工建模与仿真   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
针对虚拟企业的复杂性特征,提出了以群集智能这种新颖的复杂系统建模手段研究虚拟企业的组建和运行过程.在将虚拟企业运行特点与蚁群劳动分工模型进行对比分析的基础上,将企业单元定义为人工蚂蚁,根据虚拟企业运行的要求重新设计蚂蚁的属性特征、任务执行和学习规则、活动环境等模块,建立了扩展的蚁群劳动分工模型.采用该模型对虚拟制造式、供应链式、组织虚拟式等3种具有代表性的虚拟企业组织进行建模和仿真,实验表明仿真结果与实际情况比较吻合,运行过程能够体现出虚拟企业运行的自组织行为特征,该模型可为类似虚拟企业的组建、任务规划和利益分配提供依据.最后分析了扩展蚁群劳动分工模型的内在特性和适用范围,并对今后研究的方向进行了展望.  相似文献   

2.
基于成员-任务互动的团队有效性多智能体模拟   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
团队任务过程和团队人群行为之间通过成员能力与任务要求的匹配,成员在任务处理中学习而能力得以提高等人与任务间的联系而发生成员-任务互动。为分析这种互动对团队有效性的影响,在分析了团队任务过程中各影响因素间的因果关系之后,构建了一个多智能体模拟模型,采用Repast.J 3.1实现了该模型,开发了基于成员-任务互动的团队有效性多智能体模拟系统,并设计了多个实验方案对系统进行了验证和确认,之后该系统被用于分析任务规模和波动幅度的影响。模拟结果表明在团队任务过程中,无论任务规模或关系波动幅度多大,团队成员关系度与任务成本不可能同时达到最优,同时就如何有效促进团队有效性给出了建议。  相似文献   

3.
基于行为的组织中层管理者工作绩效评价结构研究   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
本研究从行为视角出发,运用探索性和验证性因素分析方法对组织中层管理者的工作绩效评价结构进行了探讨.研究结果表明:组织中层管理者的工作绩效是一个可以通过行为表现来反映的构念.组织中层管理者的工作绩效评价结构由五个维度构成:人际沟通、行事风格、领导作为、任务执行和敬业尽责,五维度评价结构能较好地反映中层管理者工作绩效的特殊性.五维度评价结构模型与西方关于工作绩效的"任务-周边绩效"模型存在明显差异.  相似文献   

4.
交互记忆系统影响人群与工作交互的模拟研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
为探索交互记忆系统对知识型团队中人群与工作互动的影响,交互记忆系统通过基于多智能体建模被引入到模拟研究中.用互动网络模型描述任务、个体、技能的复杂联系.用交互记忆系统中任务执行、沟通、学习规则驱动此模型,考虑经济型和社会型两种智能体在交互时受环境因素的不同影响,设计通过数据库作为中间介质的人-物并行机制,并采用甘特图描述物系统中的任务计划和任务分配.用Repast和Java swing实现模拟系统,并用定性验证的方法确认该系统的可信性,最后给出一个应用分析.模拟实验研究表明,交互记忆系统可以提高任务完成质量,并缩减任务完成时间;一个团队在完成任务时并不是参与人越多越好,人在足够满足任务完成需要的情况下与工作有效交互可以发挥较高的效率.  相似文献   

5.
虚拟组织中的多角度动态知识建模方法   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
虚拟组织的知识管理对于提高虚拟组织适应复杂环境的快速应对能力和灵活的协同问题求解能力起着重要作用,而虚拟组织面向任务动态协作的特点决定了在虚拟组织协作问题求解中知识的动态特性是虚拟组织知识管理研究的重要内容.从多角度建模的思想出发,提出虚拟组织动态知识建模方法的三个模型,即知识流模型、知识转化模型和知识共享空间模型,从知识在虚拟组织中的流动性、演化性、创新性、共享性、协作性等方面对其在虚拟组织中的作用机制进行了描述和设计,并通过多兵种联合协同作战的案例说明了模型的应用.  相似文献   

6.
  信息技术的高速发展对现有产业生态和企业组织方式产生重大影响,一些新兴的组织形态不断产生,其中探索和构建平台组织理论尤其重要。平台组织作为一种近解构系统,已有研究多侧重对演化能力和模块化作用的分析,对近解构系统的纵向维度(即权力维度)缺乏足够关注。         从平台组织管理实践中遇到的困惑出发,针对平台组织中以交互部分设计为代表的控制与演化的平衡问题,结合NK模型表达平台组织中的现实关系,进行仿真建模实验,依次探究平台组织在不同时期对小微模块适合的控制程度、小微模块不同演化方式对平台组织绩效的作用效果,以及不同维度环境变化中平台组织交互部分和演化机制的设计思路。         研究结果表明,①平台组织在发展初期对小微模块弱控制、强演化有利于取得更快的绩效提升,在发展成熟期对小微模块采取较强控制有利于取得更好的整体绩效;②平台组织本地搜寻与跨企业重构演化方式结合能够协同提升整体绩效,进入发展成熟期后采用跨模块重构方式不利于整体绩效提升;③比较环境变化的频率与影响范围两个维度,在频繁环境变化中平台组织本地搜寻演化方式对企业绩效的提升作用被更大程度地减弱,在大范围的环境变化中重构演化方式对企业绩效的提升作用被更大程度地减弱;④平台组织在高频环境变化中弱化对小微模块的控制,在低频环境变化中对小微模块实施较强控制有利于提升企业整体绩效。         利用复杂性方法建构平台组织的正式模型,从组织设计和演化机制两方面发展和丰富了平台组织理论,推动理论更进一步向实证检验的方向发展。研究中强调演化优势之外的权力维度对平台组织的重要性,发现平台组织在多种演化方式的协同上展现出相对于纯模块化组织的优势。建议管理者对组织架构和权力结构区分看待,并在模仿实践后兼顾学习和探索。  相似文献   

7.
中国企业CEO的领导行为及对企业经营业绩的影响   总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18  
本研究采用定性及定量的方法,探讨了在转型经济环境下中国企业CEO的领导行为表现,以及这些行为对企业业绩和员工态度的影响。首先归纳性地总结了现有经济环境下CEO领导行为的种类,然后通过探索性及验证性因素分析,建构了一个6维度的CEO领导行为测量工具,其中3个维度与CEO的任务管理行为密切相关,另外3个维度与人际关系管理相关。我们采用包括企业高层经理人员及员工在内的匹配数据进行了假设检验。结构方程建模分析的结果表明,任务导向的CEO领导行为直接与企业业绩相关,而人际关系导向的CEO领导行为与员工态度直接相关,并通过员工态度影响企业的经营业绩。  相似文献   

8.
立足于中国本土情境,在文献分析的基础上构建了复杂组织关联性维度的结构模型并运用量表分析技术进行了实证检验,确定具有良好的信度和效度.本文提出的复杂组织关联性维度模型包括技术、环境、战略、企业制度、企业文化5个维度、20个量表测项.研究结果证实,中国复杂组织所具有的基本特征是:业内中等以上的企业规模;复杂先进的技术系统;不确定性程度较高的环境;多层次柔性化的战略;学习导向的文化氛围;规范化的团队合作制度.本研究为进一步探索复杂组织治理问题提供了理论基础和依据.  相似文献   

9.
运用和谐管理理论和人与环境匹配研究的理论和方法,对组织和谐管理作出了概念定义和操作定义;评价了组织和谐管理的2个实践性操作模型;分析了组织和谐管理面临的理论挑战;基于人与环境匹配的员工-组织复合型视角全面审视了组织和谐管理研究,提出了理论假设,并在此基础上构建了组织和谐管理的实践性操作模型和量化实证研究的概念模型,为组织和谐管理的实践提供了可操作化的指导,为量化的实证研究提供了思路并奠定了理论基础,同时也在中国情境中对人与环境匹配理论进行了解析.  相似文献   

10.
刘汉民  周颖 《管理科学》2016,19(10):73-86
立足于中国本土情境,在文献分析的基础上构建了复杂组织关联性维度的结构模型并运用量表分析技术进行了实证检验,确定具有良好的信度和效度。本文提出的复杂组织关联性维度模型包括技术、环境、战略、企业制度、企业文化5个维度、20个量表测项。研究结果证实,中国复杂组织所具有的基本特征是:业内中等以上的企业规模;复杂先进的技术系统;不确定性程度较高的环境;多层次柔性化的战略;学习导向的文化氛围;规范化的团队合作制度。本研究为进一步探索复杂组织治理问题提供了理论基础和依据。  相似文献   

11.
基于468家中国企业的实证研究,考察了不同环境及战略导向对组织复杂性的驱动作用。在分析相关文献形成研究假设的基础上运用实证的方法进行检验。研究结论验证了当前转型经济背景下不确定环境特征和战略导向对企业组织复杂性的不同驱动作用,对企业根据所处环境及其战略导向认识并有的放矢的应对不同组织复杂性有重要意义。  相似文献   

12.
复杂环境下企业适应性领导行为研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
竞争环境的复杂性要求企业领导行为具有较强的适应性。在复杂适应系统刺激-反应原理的基础上,构建复杂环境下企业适应性领导行为模型,指出在政府、市场、企业等组织内外部环境因素作用下,企业的适应性领导行为由文化识别、知识管理、风险管理和协同创造4个方面构成,并对员工绩效、组织承诺和员工满意度等领导有效性指标产生影响。在问卷调查的基础上,采用因子分析、相关分析、层次回归和逐步回归等方法对调查数据进行统计分析。实证研究结果表明,企业适应性领导行为对员工绩效、组织承诺、员工满意度等结果变量有不同程度的影响;企业文化、领导-成员交换关系与企业适应性领导行为和领导有效性存在相关关系,并且作为调节变量对企业适应性领导行为与领导有效性之间的关系起调节作用。企业应从适应性领导行为层面和调节变量层面加强管理,构建有效领导行为机制,提高环境变化中的领导有效性。  相似文献   

13.
In the design of engineering systems, mental workload is one of the most important factors in the allocation of cognitive tasks. Current methods of task allocation have criteria that are defined in only general terms and are thus not very useful in aiding detailed decision-making in system design. Whilst there are many quantitative criteria available to determine the physical space in human-machine interaction, system designers really require an explicit model and specific criteria for the following identification of the mental workload imposed by the system; prediction of both human and system performance; evaluation of the alternatives of system design; and the design of system components. It is argued that the available methods of workload or performance are either too domain-dependent to apply to the design of other systems, or subject-dependent and thus do not reflect the objective workload imposed by the system. The presented research adopts a new approach to cognitive task analysis in dynamic decision-making systems. Based on the characteristics derived from task analysis, a general conceptual model of the prediction of mental workload in system design is proposed. In the new model, workload is represented by a set of system parameters—task arrival rate, task complexity, task uncertainty, and performance requirements—which are considered to be the main sources of workload. In this context, workload becomes an objective demand of engineering systems, independent of any subjective factors. Whether an individual or population is overloaded depends upon their workload threshold with respect to the specified task and environment. It is hoped that this new model, after both laboratory and industrial validation, could be used by system designers to predict the workload imposed on people by systems.  相似文献   

14.
Drawing on the resource‐based view of the firm, we examine how complexity, uncertainty and munificence in the general business environment moderate the association between a firm's stakeholder integration capability and its environmental strategy. Our data were drawn from 134 ski resorts in 12 countries in western Europe and North America. Our study finds that (1) an organizational capability of stakeholder integration is associated with a service firm's adoption of a proactive environmental strategy; (2) an uncertain business environment has a direct positive influence and a complex business environment has a direct negative influence on a firm's environmental strategy; and (3) complexity has a negative moderating influence on the relationship between a firm's stakeholder integration capability and its environmental strategy.  相似文献   

15.
One recurrent theme within the literature on total quality management (TQM) is the study of its effect on organizational performance. Nonetheless, most research has focused on analyzing the relationships between the implementation of different elements and several types of performance. This paper incorporates the effect of organizational environment as a variable for explaining the impact of TQM on business results. The model is tested using structural equations, employing a survey of quality managers in 273 Spanish firms. The causal analysis results show that dynamism, munificence and complexity influence the degree of implementation of the main TQM principles. The most relevant effects emerge as a result of the environmental dynamism, and the least effects are due to munificence. Similarly, the dimensions of TQM have an impact on different types of performance. The model can be used by organizations to assess their level of TQM success depending on specific environmental characteristics.  相似文献   

16.
The resource‐based view has provided valuable insights into sources of competitive advantage, but little attention has been paid to the processes of resource creation. To address this shortcoming, this paper reviews the strategy process literature, explaining the theoretical positions and assumptions that underpin different types of process. It then examines the mechanisms by which resources have been found to be created; luck, resource picking, internal development and alliances. Next, a series of resource‐creation pathways that illustrate the different routes firm inputs might take on the way to becoming unique and valuable resources is developed. These pathways are also discussed in terms of the strategy processes through which they are developed, and the appropriate resource‐creation processes. The review is then extended with the introduction of two contingent variables ? task complexity and environmental stability – and the resource‐creation processes that are congruent with different combinations of these variables are explored. From this review, one is able to identify the combination of complex task and stable environment likely to be the most conducive to resource creation. Finally, the paper explores opportunities that firms might have to engineer stability and complexity in some parts of their operations with the aim of developing a resource‐based advantage.  相似文献   

17.
Environmentally responsible manufacturing, green supply chain management (GSCM), and related principles have become important strategies for companies to achieve profit and gain market share by lowering their environmental impacts and increasing their efficiency. As environment has become a key strategic consideration in supply chains, this study examines the components and elements of GSCM and suggests a novel GSCM evaluation framework. It also provides a real-case study of Ford Otosan, one of the pioneering companies about environmental subjects in Turkey, to illustrate the industrial application of our theoretical assessment model. The identified components are integrated into a strategic assessment and evaluation tool using analytical network process (ANP). The dynamic characteristics and complexity of the GSCM analysis environment make the ANP technique a suitable tool for this study. Moreover, to cope with ambiguity and vagueness of the decision maker's evaluations, the fuzzy extension of the ANP method is preferred.  相似文献   

18.
选择合适的协作模式是联盟企业在动态环境中稳定发展的关键。本文开创性地根据复杂性、动态性和敌对性三个维度将环境不确定性细化为八种状态,探究在八种不同环境状态下,开发式协作模式与探索式协作模式的最优选择和科技型企业与制造型企业的适用情况。基于NK模型并将其适应度函数优化后仿真,研究结果表明:①开发式协作模式与探索式协作模式在八种不同环境状态下均存在局部最优现象;②面对资源丰富且动荡的外部环境时,科技型企业应选择探索式协作模式,相反则应选择开发式协作模式;面对资源丰富且稳定的外部环境时,制造型企业应选择探索式协作模式,相反则应选择开发式协作模式。  相似文献   

19.
Prior qualitative research has indicated that leader performance in complex environments requires active analysis of the key causes operative in the organizational system. To provide some quantitative evidence to bear on this proposition, 160 undergraduates were presented with a computer simulation task that placed the participant in the role of a university president in charge of raising educational quality on campus. Training in the analysis of causes was provided, along with additional manipulations which varied the quality of case readings as well as levels of complexity in the environment. Overall, it was found that training in causal analysis significantly improved leader performance. The implications of these findings for understanding leader performance in complex environments are discussed.  相似文献   

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