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1.
采用异常操控性项目的计算方法度量企业应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理程度,以2003年至2011年中国上市公司为研究样本,构建多元线性回归模型和联立方程模型,考察机构投资者持股对应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理行为选择的影响。研究结果表明,机构投资者持股比例与真实盈余管理程度显著负相关,与应计盈余管理程度显著正相关;对机构投资者明细类别的检验结果发现这种相关关系在投资基金、证券公司、QFII、保险公司和社保基金这5类机构投资者中均存在,但企业年金、信托公司、财务公司和银行持股对盈余管理行为的影响不显著;按照机构投资者持股规模、股权分置改革和终极控制人性质的分组检验结果表明,这种相关关系在不同的内外部环境中均存在,且相对于国有控股上市公司,非国有控股上市公司中机构投资者抑制真实盈余管理行为的作用更强;机构投资者持股与整体盈余管理程度显著负相关。  相似文献   

2.
周晓苏  陈沉 《管理科学》2016,29(1):108-122
所有权和控制权分离,使股东和高管利益不一致,信息不对称增加了管理层盈余管理的动机和能力,随着外部监管环境的改变,盈余管理不同方式的成本收益发生改变,使两种盈余管理的权衡可能发生改变。 选取2008年至2014年中国沪、深A股数据,基于修正的Jones模型和Roychowdhury模型计量应计和真实盈余管理,采用Dickinson模型净现金流量符号组合的生命周期计量方法,基于企业生命周期的动态视角,采用普通最小二乘法多元线性回归方法实证检验应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理的关系。 研究结果表明,成长期企业的应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理程度均显著低于成熟期企业,衰退期企业的应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理显著高于成熟期企业,较之成熟期企业,成长期企业和衰退期企业应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理的正相关关系更大,即不同生命周期企业中两种盈余管理之间存在互补关系,但该互补关系的程度在成长期企业和衰退期企业更大。企业生命周期是影响应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理的重要因素,成长期、成熟期和衰退期企业的应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理程度逐渐增加,表明基于生命周期的动态视角探析应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理关系的必要性。 研究结果丰富了盈余管理和企业生命周期的相关经验研究,对提高企业会计盈余质量及中小投资者保护具有一定的借鉴意义,对会计信息监管机构也有一定的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

3.
本文将应计项目操控和真实活动操控纳入分析框架,研究上市公司发生总经理变更后的盈余管理行为.理论分析表明,新任总经理在上任当年利用应计项目负向盈余管理可“一举多得”,利用真实活动进行盈余管理却可能会“损公不利己”;而在后续年度利用真实活动正向盈余管理虽会“损公”却可“利己”.以沪深A股上市公司2005-2010年数据为样本进行的实证检验结果显示,在总经理变更当年,上市公司存在利用应计项目调减利润的盈余管理行为,但不存在利用真实活动的盈余管理行为.在新任总经理上任后第一、二个完整会计年度,上市公司存在利用应计项目和真实活动调增利润的盈余管理行为.总经理变更当年,如果董事长也发生变更,则上市公司在变更当年利用应计项目调减利润的程度更大,在变更后第一、二个完整会计年度利用应计项目和真实活动调增利润的程度也显著更大.  相似文献   

4.
本文以"上市公司股权激励管理办法"颁布以来沪深两市首次披露股权激励计划的上市公司为研究对象,运用单样本T检验和配对样本T检验的方法,研究了股权激励计划公告日前经理人的盈余管理行为.研究发现:股权激励计划公告日前的三个季度,经理人通过操纵"操纵性应计利润"进行了向下的盈余管理,公告日后盈余存在反转现象;但是,并没有显著的证据表明经理人在股权激励计划公告日前通过操纵"非经常性损益"进行盈余管理.  相似文献   

5.
本文采用应计项目操控与真实活动操控两种模型,研究了我国上市公司股权再融资过程中的盈余管理行为及其对公司业绩的影响。结果表明,在股权再融资过程中,上市公司会同时使用应计项目操控和真实活动操控两种盈余管理方式。二者的影响效果存在明显差异,应计项目盈余管理会导致融资后公司业绩的短期下滑,而真实盈余管理则会引起公司业绩的长期下滑。相对而言,真实盈余管理是上市公司股权再融资之后业绩滑坡的主要原因。上述结果修正了以往文献将股权再融资后的业绩滑坡完全归因于应计项目操控的研究结论。  相似文献   

6.
公司在获取银行信贷的过程中会通过盈余管理以满足会计业绩审核要求的行为已得到学者们的关注, 但现有文献尚未研究公司在获得一定的银行借款后是否会继续进行盈余管理以获得超额银行借款.本文基于该问题, 以2003年~2016年中国A股上市公司为研究对象, 从应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理两个维度, 考察了盈余管理行为与公司超额银行借款之间的关系.研究结果表明, 应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理均与公司超额银行借款正相关;进一步, 在考虑地区金融市场化程度之后, 发现金融市场化弱化了应计盈余管理与公司超额银行借款的正相关关系, 但增强了公司通过真实盈余管理获得更多超额银行借款的行为.本文从公司超额银行借款行为出发, 同时结合金融市场化程度, 拓展了会计信息质量与信贷资源配置的研究视角.  相似文献   

7.
机构投资者持股与上市公司会计盈余信息关系实证研究   总被引:51,自引:0,他引:51  
本文从机构投资者持股和上市公司盈余信息关系的视角出发,分析机构投资者在公司治理中的作用。以2000~2003年沪市A股为样本,经过研究发现:盈余信息及时性与机构持股比例正相关。公司治理结构合理,盈余信息及时性强,是吸引机构投资的动因。机构持股比例与盈余管理负相关。机构持股比例越高,越能有效抑制操纵应计利润的盈余管理行为,增强盈余信息真实性,说明机构持股参与公司治理能够改善公司治理结构,使上市公司的经营更加规范、有效。  相似文献   

8.
贾巧玉  周嘉南 《管理科学》2016,29(3):97-111
随着国际资本流动日趋自由化,越来越多的企业实行交叉上市,对交叉上市的研究显得尤为重要。 捆绑假说是解释企业交叉上市动因的重要理论,该假说认为企业在外部监管较为严格的地区交叉上市,可以约束控股股东和管理层谋取私有收益,抑制公司盈余管理,从而提高公司盈余质量。然而,国内外学者以不同数据和方法对捆绑假说加以研究,并未得到一致结论。部分研究表明,交叉上市企业盈余管理水平低于非交叉上市企业,支持捆绑假说,而其他研究认为交叉上市企业盈余质量并未显著高于非交叉上市企业。而且,已有研究大多仅考虑应计盈余管理,忽略了真实盈余管理。真实盈余管理由于其隐蔽性强、会计弹性大等特点而被越来越多的企业采用。 交叉上市企业在面临更为严格的外部环境时会减少应计盈余管理,增加真实盈余管理。基于捆绑假说视角,探讨交叉上市企业盈余管理方式的转变。考虑应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理两种方式,采用修正的Jones模型和Roychowdhury模型分别估算应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理水平,以2007年至2014年中国发行A+H股、A+B股、A+H+N股的交叉上市企业和纯A股上市企业数据为样本,通过控制年度和行业的OLS回归方法检验交叉上市企业盈余管理方式的转变,并进一步研究交叉上市企业的上市地对其盈余管理的影响。 研究结果表明,交叉上市企业倾向于减少应计盈余管理,但其真实盈余管理水平显著高于纯发行A股的上市企业;发行A+H股的上市企业应计盈余管理和真实盈余管理水平均与发行A+B股的上市企业无显著差异;发行A+H+N股的上市企业其应计盈余管理水平与发行A+H股、A+B股的上市企业无显著差异,但其真实盈余管理水平显著低于这两种上市企业。研究结果有助于增强对交叉上市企业盈余质量的理解,也为投资者的投资决策提供经验证据。  相似文献   

9.
文化作为契约环境的重要组成部分深刻影响企业的会计行为.研究聚焦于中华老字号的企业文化,考察了文化规制因素对企业盈余管理行为的影响效应及其机理.研究发现:相比非中华老字号企业,中华老字号企业的应计和真实盈余管理程度更低,表明中华老字号企业存在显著的会计效应.异质性考察发现,在国有企业、强内部控制和高机构持股公司,中华老字号的会计效应表现得更为显著.机理渠道检验发现,中华老字号企业影响盈余管理的机理是重视文化渗透和稳健经营,这表明中华老字号企业具有诚信经营的会计基因.研究以老字号企业文化的独特视角拓展了“文化与财务”的研究范式,对理解驱动微观企业会计行为的非正式制度动因提供了现实启示.  相似文献   

10.
本文对比分析了应计盈余管理与真实盈余管理对我国上市公司未来经营业绩的不同影响。研究结果表明,应计与真实盈余管理都会对公司未来经营业绩产生负面影响,且应计盈余管理对公司短期经营业绩的负面影响更大,真实盈余管理对公司长期经营业绩的负面影响更大;公司管理层会使用应计盈余管理或真实盈余管理来满足"盈余阈值";满足"盈余阈值"的真实盈余管理对公司未来经营业绩具有显著负效应,而满足"盈余阈值"的应计盈余管理对公司未来经营业绩具有显著正效应;仅通过应计盈余管理满足"盈余阈值"的公司比仅通过真实盈余管理满足"盈余阈值"的公司具有更优的未来经营业绩。本文研究结论有助于深化利益相关者对盈余管理经济后果的理解。  相似文献   

11.
In the broad sociopolitical discussion on education quality within the last decade, it has become apparent that education is gaining importance for urban development, as well as space and the urban context are important dimensions of education. This becomes particularly evident in concepts for local educational landscapes (Ger. Bildungslandschaften). The young field of research on educational landscapes is currently lacking empirical research from spatial and planning sciences. In the paper, the current state of scientific research on educational landscapes in Germany and Europe and first insights to contextual and spatial interfaces and linkages between education and urban development in general are presented.  相似文献   

12.
13.
This paper focuses on the relationship between Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chairperson characteristics and firm performance. Specifically, the study examines the association between the characteristics of the CEO and the Chairperson of the board and firm performance. Using a sample of S&P 500 firms, the evidence found suggests that demographic and experience-related characteristics may be associated with the market valuation and financial performance of the firm. In particular, the reported results indicate a positive relationship between the presence of female CEOs or Chairs and firm performance, thus suggesting that gender-based differences may affect the CEO’s/Chairperson’s success. Moreover, the findings concerning the age of the CEO or Chair are mixed, while their experience and quality appear positively related to firm performance. Interestingly, a CEO or Chairperson holding multiple board seats is negatively associated with firm performance, whereas CEO duality has a positive relationship with Tobin’s Q and the return on assets (ROA) of the firm.  相似文献   

14.
This paper reports the results of a survey of 400 respondents in Ethiopia about factors generating corruption and the potential of e-Governance to mitigate corruption. It is suggested that e-Governance can help not only in weeding out corruption but also in the establishment of sounder government citizen relationships in Ethiopia. While e-Governance cannot cure all the structural factors that breed corruption in the society, strategic implementation of e-Governance can help improve the critical variable in combating corruption-government citizen relationships. It is argued that while e-Governance initiatives can make important contributions to improving public services they can best do so by helping improve overall relationships between governments and citizens.
R. F. I. SmithEmail:
  相似文献   

15.
Coopetition (collaboration between competitors) among young firms (i.e. start-ups) and larger, more established firms (i.e. corporates) may be beneficial for both partners as each party typically has something to offer that is missing in the other. Start-ups often develop innovative ideas, are flexible and agile, willing to take risks, and aspire to achieve high growth, but they tend to lack the required resources, capabilities, and knowledge due to their newness and smallness. Corporates have resources, routines, and experience that enable them to work efficiently but lack a certain innovation capability. Research has suggested that coopetition represents an opportunity for start-ups facing restrictions in resources, while corporates benefit from start-ups’ innovative ideas. However, it is yet unknown whether start-ups and corporates engage in coopetition with each other and, if so, how and why they do this. This study seeks to fill this void by exploring the motives of coopeting start-ups and corporates, how they manage their coopetitive relationship, and what implications occur including potential benefits and risks. We present a multiple case study based on qualitative data collected through 70 interviews with Austrian-based start-ups and corporates representing 35 coopetitive partnerships. Discussing the findings based on our data, we propose relationships concerning coopetition and its role to enlarge resource- and technology-bases as well as its role in the development of dynamic capabilities.  相似文献   

16.
Contemporary individuals are forced to deal with excessive stimulation, which causes an overload in the cognitive and emotional areas. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possible factors differentiating the perceived level of work and shopping overflow experienced by individuals and consequences of these states. Two psychological variables: cognitive control and sensation seeking, are chosen as potential factors differentiating the perceived levels of overflow. We assume that individuals with high cognitive control and sensation seeking will report lower levels of both types of examined overflows. Experiencing low overflow levels may manifest in the search for additional stimuli, rather than in the desire to limit them. Two indexes of behavior connected to seeking extra stimulation are selected: one belonging to the area of consumer behavior (readiness to participate in the experience economy) and one belonging to vocational behavior (choosing a boundaryless career). The quantitative study is conducted on a sample of 297 management students who are currently employed. The research results support the relation between cognitive control and perceived level of work and shopping overflow. Individuals who can cognitively control the situation and the incoming stimuli report lower levels of overflow. No significant relationship between sensation seeking and the level of overflow is found. The demographic variables that influence the perceived overflow are age and salary for work overflow and age for shopping overflow. As far as consequences of overflow are concerned, a low level of shopping overflow is related to readiness to participate in the experience economy. However, there is no link between work overflow and preferred career pattern. The managerial implications for human resource management and marketing strategy design are discussed.  相似文献   

17.

The concept of mental workload has long been recognized as an important factor in individual performance within complex systems. It is documented that either overload or underload may degrade performance, and further affect the efficiency of the whole system. Therefore, systems designers need some explicit models to predict the mental workload imposed on individuals by the system at an early design phase so that alternative system designs can be evaluated. In examining mental-workload literature, it is found that few predictive mental-workload models have considered factors specific to individuals. This research aims to develop a practical framework for predicting mental workload in both single- and multi-task environments considering such individual factors. In order to describe mental workload more precisely and more completely, a framework for mentalworkload definitions, which contains instantaneous workload, average workload, accumulated workload, peak workload and overall workload, is proposed. In order to model individual factors, two new variables, i.e. effective workload and ineffective workload, are introduced to model the taskgenerated workload and individual-generated workload. The extension of the model to multi-task environments is also discussed. The proposed conceptual models are domain-independent and could be used to guide the development of operational models for different specific tasks.  相似文献   

18.
This article discusses political and economic changes in Poland, Central and Eastern Europe emerging since the demise of the ‘closed system’ in 1989. The presentation explores the range of change, the method and the sequence of change. General lessons in economic transition as identified by Polish Finance Minister Lezak Balcerowicz are discussed. The challenges involved in macroeconomic stabilization, radical liberalization, currency convertibility, subsidy reduction and conversion of state-owned enterprises are reviewed. Despite their complexity, economic and political reforms proved necessary and inevitable. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

19.
Anatomic pathology (AP) laboratories provide critical diagnostic information that help determine patient treatments and outcomes, but the risks of AP operations and their impact on patient safety and quality of care remain poorly recognized and undermanaged. Hospital-based laboratories face an operational and risk management challenge because clinical work of unknown quantity and complexity arrives with little advance notice, which results in fluctuations in workload that can push operations beyond planned capacity, leading to diagnostic delays and potential errors. Modeling the dynamics of workload and complexity in AP offers the opportunity to better use available information to manage risks. We developed a stock-and-flow model of a typical AP laboratory operation and identified key exogenous inputs that drive AP work. To test the model, we generated training and validations data sets by combining data from the electronic medical records and laboratory information systems over multiple years. We demonstrate the implementation of 10-day AP work forecast generated on a daily basis, and show its performance in comparison with actual work. Although the model somewhat underpredicts work as currently implemented, it provides a framework for prospective management of resources to ensure quality during workload surges. Although full implementation requires additional model development, we show that AP workload largely depends on few and accessible clinical inputs. Recognizing that level loading of work in a hospital is not practical, predictive modeling of work can empower laboratories to triage, schedule, or mobilize resources more effectively and better manage risks that reduce the quality or timeliness of diagnostic information.  相似文献   

20.
During the last two decades, productivity research and applications have not been given adequate importance when trying to attain excellence in the management of manufacturing enterprises. Recent developments in managerial philosophies Total Quality Management and Business Process Re-engineering , manufacturing technologies Flexible Manufacturing Systems, Computer Integrated Manufacturing, etc. and Information Technology innovations have made the traditional productivity improvement techniques obsolete. This article presents a review consisting of analyses of literature on productivity and a survey of manufacturing enterprises. A five-step preview strategy on productivity is enumerated which provides a meaningful direction towards future productivity research and application. The article is concluded by briefly describing the current research that is being carried out based on the preview strategy evolved.  相似文献   

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