基于领域知识的个性化推荐模型及其应用研究

首先,讨论了传统电子商务领域个性化推荐算法及其应用,提出传统推荐方法通常忽视了领域知识,因而在实际应用中存在局限性;然后,讨论了领域知识的相关概念和分类,并在此基础上建立了结合领域知识的两阶段推荐模型;最后,基于网络超市数据进行了实证研究,实验结果表明改进后的推荐算法效果要明显优于传统的个性化推荐算法.     

基于Ontology的跨组织知识整合方法研究

从知识整合的实际需求和研究现状出发,给出了跨组织环境下基于Ontology技术的知识整合流程,并结合语义网技术实现了知识集的闭包、查询与标准化同构等算法,开发了跨组织知识整合的原型系统。通过一个钢铁企业跨组织知识整合案例展示了原型系统的功能,说明知识的整合可以达到语义增值的效果;通过两个实验给出了原型系统的性能。     

信息可视化在知识组织领域中的应用

本文讨论了信息可视化与知识组织的基本问题,分别介绍了其基本思想和应用领域,并结合实例着重讨论了信息可视化工具在知识组织领域中的应用。     

需求驱动的自适应体系结构的知识体系研究

本文研究了信息系统的需求驱动自适应体系结构(RDAA)的知识体系.应用组织符号学的语义分析和规范分析方法来获取业务领域知识以及社会、组织和运作规范.为RDAA创建的一系列标准语言与WEB本体语言(OWL)共同来描述与处理知识,并保持系统的语义一致性.     

企业知识投资的一个市场化模型

学习型企业需要不断地对知识创造和获取过程进行投资,如何进行最优的知识投资是需要解决的一个关键问题.针对大型企业集团中企业知识创造和知识应用的知识包特点和集团内部子单位之间知识创造和知识应用的互补特点,提出企业知识投资的内部市场化模型,对于"知识唯一供应者"情况下的简化模型进行了具体的案例分析.研究结果表明,市场化模型的应用不仅可以促进企业内跨子单位的知识扩散和知识共享,而且有助于提高企业的知识投资效率.     

商务模式创新复杂性研究的计算实验方法

商务模式及其创新的复杂性特征决定了商务模式创新研究有必要采用计算实验的方法.分析商务模式创新研究的基本思路,提出应用计算实验的方法研究商务模式创新的方法论基础及其基本框架.分析和比较计算实验与计算机仿真(模拟)的区别与联系,提出应用粒子群优化算法、遗传算法等智能算法和复杂适应系统理论模拟商务模式的演化过程,进而对商务模式创新进行计算实验研究的基本方法.认为基于智能算法的计算实验为商务模式创新复杂性研究提供了有效的方法论、工具和平台,是商务模式创新复杂性研究的根本途径.     

基于构模知识的管理模型构建方法研究

管理模型的自动构建是模型管理系统一个重要功能.本文提出了一种基于构模知识的管理模型自动构建方法.该方法能从专家构建模型的例子中自动获取构模知识,并在应用的时候,利用这些知识自动构建新的模型.构模过程可以用状态转换描述,构模知识分为模型知识、领域知识和数据知识三个层次,在此基础上,本文着重研究了数据的语义模型和数据知识自动获取算法.     

COPS知识管理应该研究什么?

本文整合目前COPS知识网络研究成果,构建基于主体(组织)、客体(知识)、载体(产品)的COPS知识超网络,基于逻辑自洽的网络交互机制和DNA元矩阵分析方法,在解构超网络的动态运行中挖掘出16项知识管理任务;并从宏观软环境等3个维度,梳理了知识管理的相关影响因素。最后,强调COPS知识管理研究要注重对知识管理过程的实证分析。     

知识管理和知识管理系统:概念基础和研究课题

知识是一个广泛而抽象的概念——早在古希腊时代,西方哲学已经使用这一概念来界定认识论上的争议。然而,在最近的几年,越来越多的学者倾向于将知识视为一种重要的组织资源。信息系统研究人员顺应了组织知识和知识管理的发展趋势,在信息系统的基础上发展出了知识管理系统(KMS)。知识管理系统的目标是支持组织中知识的创造、转移和应用。知识和知识管理是复杂多面的概念,因此,从已有的丰富文献中,挖掘并找到知识管理的理论基础,这将对知识管理系统的有效开发和应用提供支撑。更确切地说,知识管理系统应该以相关领域现有的重要文献为基础展开研究。本文回顾并解释了不同领域中有关知识管理的理论文献,同时确定了重要的研究领域。我们提出了一个详细的组织知识管理的过程观点,并重点关注了信息技术在知识管理过程中的潜在作用。依据文献回顾和知识管理过程的分析,我们围绕知识管理过程和信息技术在该过程中的支持作用讨论几个重要的研究课题。     

多领域本体语义互联中知识地图的研究与应用

以数字信息资源组织的多领域本体语义互联为切入点,通过对其目前问题的分析,提出引入知识地图技术解决本体映射和聚类问题,构建了基于知识地图的多领域本体语义互联框架模型。     

Mapping and managing productive organizational energy over time: The Energy Pattern Explorer tool

To strategically manage the deployment of collective human resources toward performance, managers must recognize, interpret, and align the volatile resources of productive organizational energy. Despite relevant prior work, research and practice still lack a comprehensive approach toward analyzing and managing energy patterns over time. We develop a framework for temporal configurations and prototypical trajectories of productive organizational energy. We then introduce the ‘Energy Pattern Explorer’ as a strategy tool to: (1) identify and predict actual patterns of productive organizational energy in organizations, and (2) suggest energy leadership activities specific to current and anticipated changes and patterns of productive organizational energy. We provide examples of how managers can use this tool and conclude with suggestions for research and practice.     

The relationship between Type A Behaviour Pattern (TABP) and in-basket performance: recognition as moderator

The relationship between Type A Behaviour Pattern (TABP) and performance on an in-basket task was examined. Some of the subjects (n=40) were told that they would be recognized for superior performance, while others (n=22) were not given this information. Results indicated no relationship between a global TABP measure and all the measures of in-basket performance. Achievement Strivings (AS), a component of TABP, was positively related to overall effort, overall quality of performance, and interpersonal sensitivity. None of these relations was moderated by recognition. However, it was found that the relation between AS and use of delegation was moderated by recognition. AS was strongly and negatively related to delegation only among those who were told they would be recognized for superior performance. Impatience-Irritability (I-I), another component of TABP, was unrelated to measures of in-basket performance, although the relation between I-I and interpersonal sensitivity was moderated by recognition. I-I was strongly and negatively related to interpersonal sensitivity only among those not told that they would be recognized for superior performance. Implications of these findings are discussed and future research on TABP is suggested.     

Lean road transportation – a systematic method for the improvement of road transport operations

Road transportation has become an important factor in international trade and the management of supply chains. However, this form of product logistics has generally been considered inefficient. Traditionally, practical inefficiencies of road transportation have been addressed through mathematical modelling, operations research-based methods and simulation. This paper presents an alternative systematic approach to improve road transport operations based on lean thinking and the reduction of the seven transportation extended wastes. To do this, the paper reviews the extant literature in the area of lean road transportation, providing a structured research definition of the application of lean thinking in road transport operations and hence guidance on the limited research conducted in this field. The systematic lean transportation method is then presented and empirically tested through a case study in a Mexican firm. The results obtained from the case study indicate that the proposed systematic lean method is an effective alternative for the improvement of road transport operations, with the number of distribution routes and distance travelled being reduced by 27 and 32%, respectively. The proposed method can be used by organisations as a guide to help them improve their road transport operations. In addition, the paper’s aim is to contribute by stimulating scholars to further study the application of lean thinking and waste reduction in road transport operations.     

Zwischen den Zeilen der Organisation

Between the lines of an organization. On postmodern thinking and its impact on organization theory and consultancyFollowing the discursive concept of postmodernism introduced by Jean-François Lyotard, this paper focuses on the impact of postmodern thinking (understood as a theory of difference) for organization theory and consultancy. Crucial for an application are basic organizational differences, like the relationship between formal and informal organization. By drawing on this difference this paper exemplifies that the main interest of postmodern thinking for our conceptual idea of organizations lies in a modified understanding and analysis of such fundamental organizational distinctions. Finally the implications of this postmodern understanding of organizations are outlined for the field of organization consultancy.     

集成CA与QSIM的非正式组织群体行为演化的定性模拟

集成QSIM(Qualitative SIMulation)算法和CA(Cellular Automata,即元胞自动机),提出一种非正式组织群体行为定性模拟方法。其中,用基于CA的方法描述了群体成员行为、成员人性特征和群体环境因素;在此基础上,根据QSIM的定性模拟思路,设计了群体行为后续状态转换方法、过滤器和模拟引擎,提出了忠诚-成本均衡概念,以设计过滤器;Visual Basic 6.0用来编程实现了本文的方法;通过八项实验设计,对本文方法进行了确认;应用中的模拟结果表明,本文方法能够做为非正式组织管理决策支持的虚拟实验工具。     

在单资源约束项目中的关键链管理

Dr.Goldratt于1986年提出了Theory of Constraint(TOC),强调以系统的观点来进行项目管理。TOC在项目中的运用被称为关键链管理(CCPM),它着眼于项目的关键链,并利用缓冲器来控制项目进程。本文在单资源约束下,以TOC为核心思想,提出了一个进行关键链管理的方法,从而改进了TOC在项目管理中的可操作性。     

Systems Analysis of Failures as a Quality Management Tool

Managers and quality practitioners are familiar with the linkage of the words quality and systems to denote a systematic approach to quality, as in BS5750 Quality Systems, say. There is, however, a more specialized use of the word systems that indicates the application of systems thinking and which gives rise to the adjective systemic (of, or pertaining to a system) rather than systematic (carrying out in a planned and orderly fashion). This paper examines the potential for applying systems thinking to the management of quality with particular reference to one branch of systems work: the study of failures. The paper draws comparisons between quality and systems analysis of failures and points out that some failures could equally well be described as quality problems and vice versa. The paper argues that problems at the system level are frequently overlooked or avoided by those undertaking quality improvement programmes, partly because individuals within an organization may experience only different, smaller aspects of a systemic problem and partly because the problem solvers may lack the means or motivation to tackle complex, poorly defined problem messes. It then goes on to suggest that use of a meta–method for problem analysis would enable such problems to be addressed. One such method that has been widely applied in the study of failures, the failures method, is described in detail and its application to a failure/quality problem is outlined.     

Simulation optimization through direct search for multi-objective manufacturing systems

Simulation modelling has been one of the most widely used techniques for analysing complex manufacturing systems. In this paper, we propose a direct search algorithm expanded from the Hooke-Jecves pattern search to systematically and efficiently locate satisfactory solutions for multi-objective simulation models. The user-specified goals can be precise and/or fuzzy. Heuristic rules stemming from the simulation result of resource statistics are incorporated into the Hooke-Jeeves pattern search. The proposed heuristic rules make the search procedure effective regardless of different initial points and various bounded ranges of decision variables. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is suitable for analysing complex manufacturing systems, in which multiple objectives and multiple decision variables are encountered.     

Improving patients’ satisfaction in a mobile hospital using Lean Six Sigma – a design-thinking intervention

Abstract

Lean Six Sigma (LSS) that offers a unique integration of Lean and Six Sigma has been accepted globally across services sectors. Previous studies that examined the application of LSS in healthcare were steered in traditional hospital settings. Apparently, there are no studies that highlight the application of LSS in mobile hospitals, an emerging trend in the healthcare sector. The aim of this article is to explore the applicability of LSS in a mobile hospital. The authors present a case study of improving patients’ satisfaction in a mobile hospital, through reducing turnaround time. Design-thinking intervention to LSS helped resolve a real-time problem using Define-Measure-Analyze-Design-Verify roadmap. This article contributes to the ‘healthcare quality” body of knowledge and is novel as it is the first of its kind of LSS application in a mobile hospital underpinning Design thinking. This study is unique as it demonstrates academia–industry collaboration in solving an organizational problem.     

Implementing lean information management: the case study of an automotive company

Worldwide modern organisation is continuously crossed by a great number of information but frequently information is not accurate, the needed information is not generated or it cannot be easily identified and, more, the information cannot flow through the whole organisation. This paper proposes the application of lean thinking in the field of information management. In the areas of manufacturing and production, the lean thinking is well known but usually the importance of a holistic approach is neglected and the improvement involves only the production and logistic areas and there is not a specific focus on the lean information management. We applied lean thinking to information management in order to improve the performance of an automotive company. We analysed the as-is company condition, we identified the present muda and we introduced the necessary changes. Then, we verified the modification efficiency through the calculation of a performance index. The paper proposes an interesting and exhaustive case of lean information management application and it highlights the possible improvement of such approach. The results of this study are not sector specific: they are not only applicable by other automotive industries, but they can also be extended to many other sectors.