投入产出技术在北京市水价调整中的应用

投入产出技术作为研究经济系统各行业、各产品之间表现出的投入与产出的相互依存关系的数量分析方法,在进行价格模拟方面具有独特的优势.本文在对1997年北京市40部门投入产出开模型进行修正的基础上,利用投入产出技术的价格影响模型和价格变动模型,测算了自来水、自备井水与河水价格的调整引起的各部门的价格连锁变动以及对整个宏观经济价格体系的波及影响,研究结论为制定价格政策提供科学合理的依据.     

人才投入产出模型及其应用

人才投入产出模型及其应用上海财经大学基础部何其祥引言投入产出表充分反映了国民经济各部门在生产和分配中的经济技术联系，为经济分析、经济预测和政策模拟等提供了详尽的数据资料，利用现有的投入产出表以及相关的数据去预测目标期的各种指标是投入产出模型最为广泛的...     

企业净产值价格模型及其应用

本文试图通过建立企业净产值价格模型来探讨企业工业净产值的计算方法,以及净产值价格模型在企业管理中的应用问题。价格模型的建立,解决了在工业净产值计算中统计核算与会计核算不一致的问题,并使之成为企业投入产出核算体系的一个重要组成部分。     

基于人口投入产出模型的人力资本测算方法

现有的对人力资本的测算方法,不同的方法其结果差异很大,从而影响了人力资本的应用.文章提出了基于已经建立的中国人口投入产出模型,将人的生命周期分为成长期、成熟期和衰老期,分别测算出各个时期的人均单位成本和收益,再用人口投入产出前瞻价格模型和后传价格模型,来测算之前的成本收益和未来收益,加总就是其人力资本.     

关于投入产出扩展模型的探讨

在国民经济综合平衡分析中,投入产出分析方法愈来愈被广泛运用。目前运用较多的并且比较成熟的是投入产出静态模型和动态模型,然而,要完整地反映国民经济综合平衡的状况,只停留在静态模型和动态模型上显然是不够的,应当再加扩展,即建立投入产出扩展模型(以下简称扩展模型)。     

非竞争型投入产出价格模型研究

按照对进口项处理的不同,投入产出模型分为竞争型模型和非竞争型模型。本文讨论了非竞争型投入产出价格模型,该模型考虑了进口的作用。相对于竞争型模型,工资对价格的传导效应降低。此外,该模型还能分析国外进口产品价格的变化对国内部门的影响。本文测算了1997年、2002年、2007年的工资和进口品价格上涨对对单个部门及整个经济所造成的影响。     

基于时滞投入产出模型的产业价格传导研究

投入产出方法是产业经济研究的基本分析工具,研究产业之间价格波动传导又是产业经济调控的重要内容。运用离散状态方程,引入价格传导时滞因素对传统投入产出分析方法进行拓展,建立一个含价格传导时滞的投入产出拓展模型。该模型给出了时滞状态下产业部门之间价格传导的解析公式,可应用于产业部门之间价格传导的分析与计算。     

基于投入产出分析的各部门价格指数模型

当利用两个以上投入产出表进行分析时,前提条件就是要将现价投入产出表转换为可比价投入产出表,而遇到的难题就是各部门价格指数如何取得.文章在参考有关文献的基础上,探讨了考虑价格因素变动对投入产出分析的影响,提出了考虑价格变动因素改进的投入产出模型以及各部门价格指数模型.     

投入产出乘数分析

一、投入产出乘数凯恩斯投资乘数将国民经济看成一个部门,进行的是总量分析,如果要分析对某一个具体部门最终需求的单位增加对于整个经济系统的乘数效应,可以利用投入产出模型来进行。投入产出模型中的列昂惕夫逆矩阵（Ｉ－Ａ）－１又称为矩阵乘数,其某一列的合计数,...     

投入产出扩展模型及多因素影响分析

本文利用Leontief发明的投入产出技术,以循环经济为指导思想,建立投入产出扩展核算模型,在此基础上构建了较为系统的多因素影响分析核算模型,为在合理利用资源、减少环境污染条件下,研究科技进步、消费需求、投资需求、净出口等经济发展影响因素提供了比较理想的核算工具.     

Choosing Between the Sample-Selection Model and the Multi-Part Model

Hay and Olsen (1984) incorrectly argue that a multi-part model, the two-part model used in Duan et al. (1982,1983), is nested within the sample-selection model. Their proof relies on an unmentioned restrictive assumption that cannot be satisfied. We provide a counterexample to show that the propensity to use medical care and the level of expense can be positively associated in the two-part model, contrary to their assertion. The conditional specification in the multi-part model is preferable to the unconditional specification in the selection model for modeling actual (v. potential) outcomes. The selection model also has poor statistical and numerical properties and relies on untestable assumptions. Empirically the multi-part estimators perform as well as or better than the sample selection estimator for the data set analyzed in Duan et al. (1982, 1983).     

时间数列分析中的加法模型与乘法模型

文章通过实例说明了时间数列分析中加法模型的应用,纠正了一些统计学教材上常见的错误认识和模型的错误使用,对统计教材中统计方法的系统化起到了一定的作用。     

Subjective Bayesian Analysis of the Elliptical Model

For the multivariate elliptical model subjective Bayesian estimators of the location vector and some functions of the characteristic matrix with the normal-inverse Wishart and the normal-Wishart as prior, respectively, are derived. Fang and Li (1999 Fang, K.T., Li, R.Z. (1999). Bayesian statistical inference on elliptical matrix distributions. J. Multivariate Anal. 70: 66–85.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) considered the elliptical model for Bayesian analysis for an objective prior structure. In addition, the newly developed results are applied to the multivariate normal- and t-distribution. A performance study is done to evaluate the normal-gamma and normal-inverse gamma distributions as suitable priors. A practical application for the posterior distributions of the multivariate t-distribution is included by means of Gibbs sampling and a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm.     

Asymptotically Uniform Tests After Consistent Model Selection in the Linear Regression Model

Abstract

This article specializes the critical value (CV) methods that are based upon (refinements of) Bonferroni bounds, introduced by McCloskey to a problem of inference after consistent model selection in a general linear regression model. The post-selection problem is formulated to mimic common empirical practice and is applicable to both cross-sectional and time series contexts. We provide algorithms for constructing the CVs in this setting and establish uniform asymptotic size results for the resulting tests. The practical implementation of the CVs is illustrated in an empirical application to the effect of classroom size on test scores.     

Bayesian Analysis of the Prototypal Search Model

Bayesian analysis for a simple but widely applied dynamic programming model is obtained. The setting is the prototypal job-search model. The general case of wage and duration data, with potential censoring, is studied. The optimality condition implied by the dynamic programming setup is fully imposed. The posterior distribution reveals a “ridge” reflecting the characteristic nonstandard nature of the inference problem. Marginal distributions and moments are obtained in a canonical parameterization after a suitable approximation. The adequacy of the approximation is easily assessed. Simulation is applied to study alternative parameterizations and prior robustness and to facilitate prior elicitations. Finally, we illustrate the applicability of our methods by giving posterior distributions for the elasticities of unemployment durations and reemployment wages with respect to unemployment income. Our analysis is easy to implement and all computations are simple to perform.     

Pairwise-Difference Rank Estimation of the Transformation Model

This article considers pairwise-difference rank estimators of the coefficient vector in a transformation model. These estimators, like other existing rank estimators, require no subjective bandwidth choice. Monte Carlo simulations, numerical asymptotic efficiency comparisons, and two empirical applications suggest that the proposed estimators perform well in comparison with existing semiparametric estimators.     

Maximum Likelihood Estimation of the Log-Binomial Model

Maximum likelihood estimation of prevalence ratios using the log-binomial model is problematic when the estimates are on the boundary of the parameter space. When the model is correct, maximum likelihood is often the method of choice. The authors provide a theorem, formulas, and methodology for obtaining maximum likelihood estimators of the log-binomial model and their estimated standard errors when the solution is on the boundary of the parameter space. Examples are given to illustrate the method.     

空间滞后模型的贝叶斯估计

本文采用Bayes方法对空间滞后模型进行全面分析。在构建模型的贝叶斯框架时,对模型系数与误差方差分别选取正态先验分布和逆伽玛先验分布,这样以便获得参数的联合后验分布和条件后验分布。在抽样估计时,文章主要使用MCMC方法,同时还设计了一个简单随机游动Metropolis抽样器,以方便从空间权重因子系数的条件后验分布中进行抽样。最后应用所建议的方法进行数值模拟。