东北亚区域人力资源开发与合作研究

几十年来,东北亚各国实现了持续的经济发展,同时也经历了急剧的人口变动。在经济增长和社会变迁过程中,各国的生育率持续下降,人口结构发生了相应的变化,已经面临新的人口发展趋势和新的人口问题。人力资源是第一资源,人力资源已经成为社会经济发展的核心资源。人力资源的开发与合作是东北亚区域经济合作中不可分割的重要组成部分。通过加强东北亚区域的人力资源合作,促进区域内人力资源的开发和利用,可以进一步推动东北亚区域的经济交流与合作。东北亚区域人力资源的合作具有很大潜力。由于几十年来人口动态与人口结构的变化,东北亚区域在人力资源方面具有很强的互补性,所以开展区域内人力资源的开发与合作,具有现实的可能性和必要性。随着经济的日益全球化和区域经济合作的不断发展,广泛开展东北亚区域各个领域的交流与合作,将有利于该区域社会经济的可持续发展。     

中国人力资源开发对区域经济发展的影响及对策研究

21世纪,人力资源的开发和利用已经成为区域经济的发展核心问题,人力资源和经济的发展有着密切的联系,对区域经济的发展起着主导作用,是区域经济发展的源泉和主要动力,在区域经济发展中贡献率最高。人力资源只有与区域经济发展相互协调、相互结合才能发挥其巨大效应,现阶段中国人力资源开发仍然存在着很多阻力和问题,因此,必须建立健全人力资源市场制度体系,广辟就业门路,加强教育培训,控制人口增长,加快第三产业的发展,为人力资源开发创造良好的环境。     

1990~2010年东北地区人口变化的空间格局及影响因素

基于地理空间视角,根据第四、五、六次人口普查数据,运用统计分析、空间分析以及多元逐步回归,探究了东北地区1990~2010年人口变化的时空间特征及其影响因素,以期为东北地区推进新一轮振兴战略并实现人口、经济、社会、环境协调发展提供依据.研究结果表明:①研究时段内东北地区人口增长率低于全国平均水平且增速趋缓,尤其是进入新世纪以后,人口增长愈加乏力.②区域内部人口增长的主要动力不同.人口的迁移流动对人口空间格局重塑起到决定性作用,人口南移已是东北地区人口空间演变的主要趋势.③人口分布的"核心—外围"梯级格局表现出"极化"发展态势,人口空间分布的非均衡性加剧.④人口增减变化空间配置不均匀,人口减少单元明显多于人口增加单元.大部分地级市市区人口快速增加,而中心城市周边市县、资源型市县以及边境市县的人口则不断减少.⑤经济水平、行政级别、就业水平、医疗水平、产业结构均在不同程度上对1990~2010年东北地区的人口变化具有显著影响,而经济水平对人口变化的牵引作用最强.     

论人口社会问题

一、人口社会问题的涵义对人口社会问题的定义,学术界尚无统一的见解,并且还存在一些似是而非,不很准确的说法,其中比较突出的有:①认为人口社会问题是人口问题的代名词,因为人口问题的成因主要是社会原因,人口问题即是社会问题;②认为人口社会问题就是与生育行为联系起来的社会问题,比如大龄青年问题;③认为人口社会问题是人口与社会发展     

西北地区人口流动决策的影响因素研究——基于新空间经济学视角

伴随着经济地理格局的空间演变,我国人口迁移流动更趋活跃。文章在梳理已有研究基础上,首先基于新空间经济学理论构建了多区域人口区位选择模型,揭示了人口空间流动的影响机制;然后以西北地区为例,选取2017年CMDS微观个体数据和城市层面特征数据匹配,通过构建Logistic模型检验人口流动决策的影响因素及其内在机理。研究发现:从西北地区整体来看,区域地方品质、经济发展水平、市场潜能、收入水平是影响人口域外流出的主要因素,而提高第二产业比重及工业化水平有助于抑制人口域外流出;从西部地区分省区来看其影响因素具有区域异质性,宁夏人口域内外流动对于地方品质敏感度最大,接近陕西的16.47倍、甘肃的2.72倍,产业结构对宁夏地区人口流动的影响也很大,而收入水平对陕西人口域内外流动具有显著影响;从流动人口受教育水平看其影响因素亦具有人力资本异质性,大专及以上流动人口对于地方品质的敏感度最大,约是初中及以下流动人口的1.90倍、高中与中专流动人口的1.39倍;地方品质是影响未来人口流动的决定性因素。研究结论可为优化西北地区人口资源空间配置,推进西部大开发形成新格局提供有益参考。     

新疆南疆兵团人力资源结构与经济增长的关联分析

本文以新疆南部兵团经济发展过程中的人力资源作为研究对象，通过对人口规模、农业人口、就业人员数及就业人员产业结构的系统分析。了解人力资源结构与产业结构之间的关系及存在的问题，在此基础上依据实际情况及产业结构调整的方向，就如何妥善处理协调人力资源、经济结构与可持续发展三者之间的关系提供有针对性的可行建议。主要结论：（1）南疆过低的人口比例不利于团场小城镇建设，更不利于发挥维护新疆社会稳定、威慑“三股势力”的重要作用和劳动力的资源储备。（2）南疆兵团产业结构、就业结构与劳动生产率的关系不很匹配．阻碍了农村刺余劳动力的转移。（3）南疆兵团就业结构中一产就业人数比重偏大。非农产业的就业机会严重不足，已成为制约新疆南部经济发展的最大因素。     

宁夏人口产业结构的现状与演进初探

人口产业结构的合理化具有双重含义。第一重含义是指把人口产业结构不断推向更高级阶段的合理化;第二重含义是指人口产业结构在一定的历史条件和经济发展阶段上的合理化。因此,我们在考察一个国家或者一个地区特定历史时期的人口产业结构合理与否时,应当以上述的两种含义为着眼点。第一重含义的合理化的考察,主要涉及结构高度问题,即研究一国或一地区某一时期的人口产业结构在根据经济发展的历史和逻辑序列顺向演进过程中所达到的阶段或层次。第二重含义的合理化的考察,则以结构均衡和结构效益问题为中心,即主要研究一国或一地区某一时期的人口产业结构与国民经济的产业结构适应的程度如何,产业之间和产业内部是否存在着经济活动人口的积压与短缺并存的结构性矛盾。本文拟结合宁夏的经济情况,对宁夏人口产业结构的现状以及今后的演进,做以下初步探讨。     

试论人口增长对农业发展的制约

蒋立波同志在《丹东农村经济》中发表文章,谈到丹东市人口增长过快,给农业的发展造成了危害。①人口以年均1.4％的速度递增,人均占有耕地以年均1％的速度递减;②增加了农副产品的生产压力;③造成农村劳动力的大量过剩;④加重了     

陕西流动人口的增长分布差异及其成因

所谓流动人口,依据我国的社会习惯和户口管理条例的规定,是指在人口移动过程中D不变更定居点及户口的人口。具体指以下三种情况:①常住本县市一年以上,户口在外县市,②人住本县市不满一年,离开户口登记地一年以上,③有常住户口,外出一年以上的人口。同时又以其进、出地的不同,将①和②称为流入人口,将③称为流出人口。以上三类流动人口的数据资料可从“第四次全国人口普查表”个人填写的第六栏“户     

《东北亚区域人口与发展》出版

《东北亚区域人口与发展》是吉林大学东北亚研究院“２１１工程”重点学科建设项目系列著作之一，由吉林大学东北亚研究院院长、博士生导师王胜今教授和尹豪教授主编，近日已由吉林大学出版社出版。 人口与发展是当今世界面临的重大现实问题。人口问题归根到底就是发展问题，人口问题的本质也是发展问题。本书以东北亚区域为研究对象，从人口与发展、人口转变与经济发展、生育转变、死亡水平、劳动力资源、劳动力迁移、产业结构、城市化、婚姻与家庭、人口老龄化、人口与可持续发展等不同侧面，进行了广泛的研究与探讨。 在战后半个多世纪以…     

View Grandeur by Details and Fill Feelings in Scenery

正Chen Chenyi is one of my very valued painters.For many years,he has been assiduous in painting.Influenced by his family since childhood,he possesses profound artistic cultivation and solid basic painting skills.His pursuit in Chinese painting is refl ected in his constant exploration in the artistic conception of the painting’s general     

Statistical Communiqué on Human Resources and Social Security Development in 2013

正In 2013,under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Party and the State Council and with the focus on major objectives of the Party and the state,China adhered to the main work line of orienting by people’s livelihood and giving priority to talents;laid equal emphasis on both normal operation and internal construction;comprehensively promoted scientific development,reform and innovation of human resources and social security undertakings and     

Health and Happiness for All ——2014 International Day of Families China Commemoration Meeting was Held in Beijing

正May 15th is the International Day of Families.The United Nations has set the theme of this year for the Day as Families Matter for the Achievement of Development Goals.The theme for China is Health for Everyone and Happiness for Each Family.In order to do well in publicizing     

Arrests of Fugitive Economic Crime Suspects Abroad： Fox Hunt 2014 in Action

正In 2014,China launched a massive global Fox Hunt operation to arrest fugitives and recover the embezzled money and intensifi ed the pace to captur e corrupt officials overseas.Some media analysts believe the government tries to deter"those corrupt offi cials who decide to run away for good after being fully fed by embezzled money":foreign countries are not their boltholes any more."The movements of quite a large number     

Green Pu’er City and the Cloud Tea

正If being asked which is the largest city of Yunnan,nine out of ten people would give the wrong answer-just as some people would reply that Toronto is the capital of Canada,Sydney is the capital of Australia and Guilin is the capital of Gaungxi.In fact,the largest city of Yunnan is Pu’er,not Kunming.Many people are familiar with Pu’er because of Pu’er Tea.They believe the place"Pu’er"is named after the tea.But the     

National Health and Family Planning Commission Issued Action Plan for National Health Literacy Promotion 2014-2020

正Health literacy is the ability of a person to obtain and understand basic healthcare information and service and make appropriate decisions to maintain and improve one’s own health by applying that information and service.It is not only an important indicator to evaluate health and family planning work and people’s health status,but also a     

China will Promote Establish ment of Classified Diagnosis and Treatment System and Reform Medical Insurance Payment System

正According to Xinhuanet,during the Forum on Pilots of Urban Public Hospital Comprehensive Reform held in Sanming City of Fujian Province,Dr.Li Bin,Minister of National Health and Family Planning Commission(NHFPC)indicated that the pilots of public hospital reform would promote the establishment of classifi ed diagnosis and treatment system.Li said the medical consortium connected grassroots medical institutions to major hospitals on both ends.It had     

Statistical Communique on Development of Disabled Persons Undertaking in China in 2013

正In 2013,the sixth national congress of China Disabled Persons'Federation(CDPF)was convened successfully,which had provided important idealogical and organizational guarantees for promoting innovation and development at a new starting point.Under the effective leadership and guidance of the Party Central Committee and the State Council,Party and government departments had attached great importance,CDPF worked hard,all     

“Poststroke Rescue”Public Welfare Project Plans to Provide Services to 100 000 Shanghai Rural Elderly

正According to Chinanews.com,"Pinetree Poststroke Rescue"public welfare project,which aims at providing social assistance for stroke patients,has established the first rural rehabilitation nursing station in Minhang district of Shanghai on April 3,2014.The public projects has planned to fully cover nine districts in Shanghai suburbs and expect to deliver services to more than 100 000 rural elderly.The organization founder Wang Yanni introduced the"beautiful rural trilogy"strategy.First,by working with     

Low Fertility Trap:Theories,Facts and Implications

The low Fertility Trap Hypothesis proposes that there are three self-reinforcing mechanism--demographic,sociological and economic,working towards a downward spiral in future fertility.Once TFR drops below 1.5,it will be difficult to recover.The fertility recovery emerging in many countries across the world has changed the lowfertility trap theory and also the justification of the theory itself.So low-fertility trap is more likely a pattern summarized from a short-time phenomenon than a generalized social law.As with China,the current fertility level is above 1.5 births per woman,and China is not in the "Low-fertility trap".Moreover,most recent surveys suggests that current fertility intention in China is above 1.8 births per woman and more than60 percent of people would have a second child if there is an adjustment of fertility policy.In addition,birth postponement is still playing an important role in reducing TFR in China.Thus,with the high fertility intention,adjustment of family planning policy and decreasing tempo effect,TFR in China will experience upturn but not further decline in the near future.It is lack of evidence to conclude that China has already been or is going to be trapped in low fertility.