上海2050:新兴全球城市的崛起

到2050年前后,上海将成为一个多层级、多任务模式的新兴全球城市,并在全球城市分工体系中发挥主导作用:一是在全球视野里,上海将取代纽约的国际资本输入中心地位;二是在亚洲和广大发展中国家经济体系中,上海将取代东京成为亚洲以及发展中国家的资本输出中心;三是在中国国内,上海将是绝对的资本运营中心。同时也应注意的是,层级与任务之间不是绝对分割的,而是互相交叉的,上海当然可以从事综合化的金融、贸易和航运服务。     

上海迈向卓越的全球城市

未来30年全球发展大势和中国崛起前景,将为上海深度融入全球城市网络打开更广阔的空间,为上海形成具有全球影响力的城市功能提供更强大的动力.上海作为卓越的全球城市,将突出表现在3个方面:具有全球竞争力和影响力的世界级综合性全球城市,在全球城市网络体系中发挥枢纽功能的核心节点城市,彰显中华文化特质和引领现代文明的全球城市.     

上海全球城市的社会架构、文化融合与社会和谐

为了形成一个具有弹性的、可持续发展的全球城市社会架构,迈向2050年的上海需要在社会治理、社会政策与文化融合等方面作出前瞻性的战略思考.而"活力、仁爱、包容、和谐"将成为迈向2050年的上海的全球城市愿景.上海作为一个全球城市,其社会治理架构的核心要素应是开放、流动、多元、参与,这是文化融合与社会和谐的出发点.     

上海建设全球城市对全球城市理论的发展与贡献

上海建设全球城市是全球城市理论在城市演变中的必然体现,同时上海加快建设全球城市的实践也将深化发展全球城市理论.上海建设全球城市增强了发展中国家全球城市建设样本,将促进全球城市相关研究.上海建设全球城市拓展了全球城市理论研究的动态视角,将有效回答“一个城市是怎样成为全球城市”的问题.上海建设全球城市将进一步充实全球城市体系理论研究.上海建设全球城市在突出城市经济、文化、创新等功能的同时,更加关注城市发展共享、协调等理念,不断强调宜居、生态、包容、治理等城市功能,这将使全球城市功能内涵得到进一步拓展.     

上海新兴功能区的定位和布局问题研究

基于上海现有的城市功能区分布体系,探讨创新型、文化型、设施型和市场型四类新兴功能区未来10年的定位和布局问题。跳出传统强调经济、产业功能的商务区或产业园区,着重体现创新、文化、社会、信息和流量控制功能的新兴功能区将是未来10年上海城市功能的重点培育方向和考量因素。通过新兴功能与传统功能的耦合,实现城市“轴线型”和“多点型”空间扩展模式的有机统一,对推动上海城市健康生长具有重要意义,也是上海建设“四个中心”和全球城市的必然选择。结合对新兴功能区形成机制以及现状问题的分析,综合“十二五”规划,提出上海城市新兴功能区定位与布局优化调整的初步构想。     

战略导向、内生转型与城市功能拓展——以上海参与“一带一路”战略为例

以"一带一路"的国家战略导向为契机,通过积极参与其中,推动并实现城市发展的内生转型,将贯穿上海建设全球城市目标的关键过程,并使得上海的城市功能面临扩展的现实需求。本文在分析"一带一路"战略开放方式与开放界面变化的前提下,识别它给上海构建全球城市带来的主要机遇,提出上海参与"一带一路"国家战略扩展城市功能的内涵与路径,包括:依托要素流动的战略通道,推动上海"四个中心"建设的城市功能升级;通过全球价值链重构的分工通道,加快上海科创中心的功能建设;凭借全球治理模式变革的制度通道,充实和扩展上海城市发展的文化与外交功能。     

上海全球城市网络节点枢纽功能、主要战略通道和平台经济体系建设

枢纽功能是节点城市的基本功能,取决于城市所在区位、城市之间连接的物质设备、技术基础等条件.在建设全球城市进程中,上海应确立交通、科创、产业、区域四大枢纽功能.枢纽功能在城市之间流动空间的发挥,需有功能性战略通道的支撑.上海战略通道重点是“一带一路”的区域战略通道和高端服务业总部集聚的价值战略通道.全球城市的功能体现在资源配置上,而功能的实现需要功能性组织机构和功能性平台,上海需要加强建设不同类型的城市平台经济.     

建设全球领先的创新城市

中国经济发展进入新常态,依靠要素驱动和资源消耗支撑的发展方式难以为继,上海必须全面增强自主创新能力,努力打造代表国家参与全球经济科技合作与竞争的科技创新中心,在新一轮全球科技竞争中赢得战略主动.上海要依靠以科技创新为核心的全面创新,重构城市发展动力、激发全社会创新创造活力.完成这个愿景将涉及诸多成功因素,尤其在优化的产业格局、智慧的投资策略和有效的人才延揽等3个领域内的卓然进展,将对上海实现全球领先的创新城市这个使命至关重要.     

在不确定中谋划相对确定的未来——面向2050年的上海发展战略

未来30年上海发展的总体方向,是要建设一个具有强大辐射力、创新力和可持续发展能力,彰显中华文明的全球城市.其主要内涵,就是建设全球重要的金融中心和商务中心、具有全球影响力的科技创新中心、具有中华文明特质的世界文化大都会、全球城市可持续发展和治理的良好典范.上海建设全球城市的能级:能跻身全球城市的首位方阵,具有较强的综合竞争力;在国际规则的制定上具有一定的话语权;在经济、文化、科技和城市治理等领域形成较强的全球影响力;在长三角全球城市区域中发挥核心引领作用,带动长三角城市群建设成为世界最大的巨型城市区域;形成与纽约、伦敦等一线全球城市并肩的综合环境.     

未来30年上海全球城市资源配置能力研究:趋势与制约

经过10多年的发展,上海对全球资源配置能力的需求正逐渐由要素资源配置能力向综合性战略资源配置能力转变.上海到2020年基本建成国际经济、金融、贸易与航运中心后,随着城市转型的发展需要,除了满足经济要素的全球配置能力外,吸引国际组织或机构,争取国际话语权也是上海全球资源配置能力的应有之义.     

Arts and Crafts and Reconstruction

Abstract

This paper examines the role of arts and crafts in reconstructing communities after times of upheaval, their use in creating employment opportunities, and their impact on the nature of South African art history. It looks at craft initiatives during and after the Johannesburg World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002, and draws parallels with early twentieth-century initiatives, particularly those of Florence Phillips, who founded the Johannesburg Art Gallery in 1910, Emily Hobhouse, who established Boer home industries, and the South African National Union, which promoted the manufacture and use of local products.     

Back and Forth and Beyond

The Journal invited Tom Andersen, author of major pioneering work on the reflecting team, and his colleagues, to offer comment on The Reflecting Team Process in Training. We thought such a north-south dialogue was in keeping with the spirit of reflecting teams, and the team members in Melbourne and Tromsø agree — Editor.     

Time and aging--mechanisms and meanings

A recent European Molecular Biology Laboratory Conference on Science and Society entitled "Time & Aging--Mechanisms & Meanings" fascinated scientists from different research areas as well as nonscientists. Topics discussed included not only the biological aging process but also the psychological effects of aging and social influences that affect this process.     

Sexual Compulsivity and Sexual Behaviors Among Gay and Bisexual Men and Lesbian and Bisexual Women

Within the existing body of research, the information pertaining to sexual compulsivity (SC) among women, both homo- and heterosexual, remains rather limited in comparison to men. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SC in a community sample of gay and bisexual men and lesbian and bisexual women and to identify differences in sexual practices based on classification as sexually compulsive within gender. Supporting previous research, the findings indicated that gay and bisexual men were significantly higher in SC when compared to lesbian and bisexual women. Similarly, sexually compulsive gay and bisexual men were more likely to report drug use with sex than their non-sexually compulsive peers, suggesting that “party n' play” may play a larger role for men with SC. In addition, the findings demonstrated empirical support for the proposition that lesbian and bisexual women with symptoms of SC were more likely to engage in specialized sexual behaviors in comparison to their non-sexually compulsive peers. These data suggest that SC manifests differently in gay, lesbian, and bisexual men and women.     

Violence and Lesbian and Gay Youth

Abstract

Violence has become an increasingly common event in the lives of many adolescents. Lesbian and gay youth are subject to physical as well as non-physical forms of violence. This article explores multiple forms of violence and suggests strategies for addressing violence.     

Evening and night work schedules and children's social and emotional well-being

ABSTRACT

An emerging body of evidence shows that parents’ non-standard work schedules have a detrimental effect on children's well-being. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated mediating factors that underpin this association. Likewise, only a few studies have examined the impact of fathers’ non-standard work schedules on children's well-being. Based on data from the Families in Germany Study (FiD), this study aimed to address these research gaps. The sample consists of parents and their children at ages 7–8 and 9–10 (n?=?838 child observations in dual-earner families). The data were collected in the years 2010–2013. Non-standard work hours were defined as working in evenings and or at night (every day, several times a week, or changing as shifts). Children's social and emotional well-being was measured with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The findings show that both mothers’ and fathers’ evening and night work schedules are linked to an increase in children's externalizing and internalizing behavior and that this association is partially mediated by mothers’ and fathers’ harsh and strict parenting, with a stronger mediation effect for fathers parenting.     

History and the here and now

This paper explores the lesser-known histories and present-day realities of small towns and non-metropolitan areas in the internal provinces of South Africa. It is different inasmuch as it focuses on transformations that have taken place at the local level, and where possible, generalises from these, rather than following the normal route taken by social scientists – at least from 1994, which has been to examine them from the top down. One feature of such changes has been the growth of gated communicates across the length and breadth of South Africa, but there are many more. One reason for their anonymity is that their evolution has been gradual and corpuscular, that they have become unconsciously familiar and are left unexamined. Another is our collective preoccupation with the metropolitan areas rather than the smaller localities where such processes are subterranean and confined. This paper presents very briefly some of the results of the researchers of the Local Histories and Present Realities programme over the past five years, in 19 separate centres. It examines the history and present circumstance of chiefdoms of Ga-Mphahlele and reveals the surprise finding that much of recent and contemporary politics revolve around events 200 years old. An analogous situation has arisen in Venda as well as in Mpumalanga and elsewhere, where a combination of new legislation to revive chiefly powers, and land reclamation legislation have lent a new legitimacy to chiefly powers, and inspired hundreds of phantom – and time-consuming – quests. Another massive development which has gone on around us but whose internal dynamics have never been observed is the rise of game hunting and ranching all over the interior of South Africa. This is a monster subject which is likely to have influence on all of our lives into which our group is now in a position to offer insights. A change of equal proportions is the rise of mining all over the interior Bushveld Igneous Complex – Mokopane is a good example of this and the huge social consequences this has brought in its wake. One final theme which embraces all the communities that we have studied is the local histories of transformation – collectively the most important – since 1994. This is almost entirely hidden to a wider world, including the transformed positions of local Indian residents.