我国小城镇土地集约利用的对策探讨

发展小城镇,促进农村城镇化进程是实施我国城镇化战略的重要途径之一.土地利用是小城镇发展的一个根本性问题,人口的聚集、产业结构的调整、城镇基础设施的建设,都离不开土地这个基本载体.合理的土地利用是小城镇健康发展的重要保证.本文针对小城镇土地利用存在的种种问题和主要原因,对提高我国小城镇土地集体利用水平,进行了相应对策措施的探讨.     

小城镇建设:实践、困境与建设思路

小城镇建设是中国城镇化体系中重要的环节,对于中国城市发展与农村发展均具有重要意义。中国小城镇建设已经持续多年,取得积极的成果,但也存在很多问题。例如,小城镇在产业和人口集聚、体制机制等方面存在发展难题。本文通过对山东、浙江小城镇建设实践的对比分析,从小城镇的定位与建设内容等方面,对小城镇建设思路进行梳理,认为小城镇需要在基础设施建设、体制机制改革、经济建设等三方面共同努力,才能促进小城镇的健康发展。     

山地民族地区城镇化模式与人口转移路径研究——以重庆市渝东南地区为例

在"以人为本"的新型城镇化语境下,传统城镇化分析框架与沿海经验并不能有效适用于山地民族地区的城镇化问题。有必要从"人的视角"出发,重新审视其城镇化的特征与机制。本文以重庆渝东南地区为例,通过实地调研与问卷访谈,以"人的城镇化"为主线,对其人口城镇化特征与机制进行了深入分析。研究发现,在山地民族地区特殊的经济社会、人口流动背景下,其人口流动具有"乡村老龄人口广泛兼业、非制造业带动城镇就业、公共服务集聚非就业性人群"等重要特征,进而形成了面向不同人口来源的、不同于沿海经验的复合型人口城镇化模式。在此基础上,研究对渝东南未来城镇化趋势进行判断,并对未来城镇化进程中的人口转移路线进行了模拟,继而提出了相应的人口城镇化政策建议。     

店口样本:小城镇发展的新路径

2010年,浙江省在全国率先开展小城市培育试点,作为首批27个小城市培育试点之一的店口因小城镇建设效果显著而备受关注,本文从钱、地、人、权四个关键方面对小城镇建设的"店口样本"进行综合观察,在此基础上总结店口特色的城镇化经验,为浙江省制定相关城镇化的改革政策以及各地未来新型城镇化的推进提供有益的启示和借鉴。同时,本文还探讨了在店口小城市培育试点新三年行动计划的突破口上,如何实现人口集聚、产业、城市管理的全面整体升级,高质高效的实现向新城的跨越。     

小城镇建设中的乡村土地资产市场化问题

发展小城镇在实施城镇化战略中占有重要的地位.城镇化就其实质而言,是在人口的非农化和农村人口的城镇化前提下的经济社会现代化.我国自改革开放以来,从1978年到1999年的21年间,城镇人口增加了2.1亿人,扣除城镇人口自然增长部分,城镇共吸纳农村人口1.4亿人,其中小城镇吸纳了8000万人,约占转移农村人口的57.1%.鉴于我国经济发展水平及制度转型的障碍等实际问题,大中市场吸纳人口的能力大幅度提高有一个较长的过程,因此,发展小城镇作为当前人口城镇化的重要途径,应给予高度的重视.     

发挥新市镇在上海新型城镇化中的作用

新市镇作为上海城镇化体系中连接城、乡的关键环节,其地位与功能的确立,其与新城的合理分工、功能互补的作用,对上海新型城镇化的发展十分重要。上海应在建设好新城的同时,将新市镇建设放到与新城建设同等重要的地位,以充分发挥新市镇在新型城镇化中的作用。推进新市镇建设,应采取市场主导、政府调控的模式;应强化新市镇规划,通过政府引导,由研究机构、社会力量等对全市新市镇发展进行全面规划;应在发挥市场作用的同时,强化市、区两级政府的协调管理机制;须走新型城镇化的道路,即按照"集约、智能、低碳、绿色"的要求建设可持续发展的生态镇、绿色低碳镇。     

深化改革,推进新型城镇化建设

推进城镇化健康发展须处理好:非农产业与人口集聚的关系;非农产业发展、人口集聚与城市基础设施建设的关系;人口集聚与公共服务提供的关系;城市化与生态环境的关系;城镇建设中规模、结构和质量的关系。实现城镇化的健康发展,关键是要在正确认识城镇化本质、内涵和基本要求的基础上深化改革,构筑有利于新型城镇化发展的体制机制,最主要的是推进4个方面的改革:规划制定、土地制度、户籍制度、城乡统一市场建设。     

新型城镇化背景下西部地区县城城镇化路径选择——以宁夏为例

从我国近年城镇化发展历程来看,县级单元已经成为新增城镇人口的重点空间,这一现象在西部地区更为明显.由于西部地区地广人稀、区域发展差异大,中心城市辐射带动能力有限,其城镇化道路不能过度依赖大城市的集聚吸纳能力,而是需要形成多点支撑的城镇化空间格局.笔者以宁夏为例,分析县城发展中存在的问题,探讨县城在西部新型城镇化道路中发挥的重要作用,并提出了以集聚为核心动力,突出"以人为本"、生态底线和文化底蕴的新型城镇化道路.     

新型城镇化背景下地区性中心城市的功能作用及评价体系构建

在新型城镇化发展的背景下,一方面要发挥中心城市的辐射带动作用,另一方面要严控特大城市的人口规模,因而拥有相当的人口规模、较强的经济基础和一定综合服务能力的地区性中心城市功能的发挥显得尤为重要。本文首先从中心城市的概念内涵入手,对其经济、社会功能作用进行了分析;在此基础上从经济社会基础、集聚能力和辐射能力三方面构建了评价地区性中心城市的三级指标体系和中心性指数,并提出了相关的城市发展建议。     

新常态下大城市周边小城镇发展转型思考——以天津市北辰区为例

笔者就经济发展新常态下大城市中心城区周边城镇规划的主要趋势进行了展望,结合不同城镇资源禀赋和区位条件,对新城区、新市镇和专业镇3种典型小城镇发展模式的主要规划思路进行了扩展分析,并结合天津市北展区规划实践阐述了不同模式小城镇代表的应用方案.     

公用事业公有制的多种实现形式

分析了公用事业由国有独资经营向公有制多种实现形式转化必须把握好的几个方面。同时,政府应加强对公用事业的宏观控制力。     

Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners

The idea of a community of learners is based on the premise that learning occurs as people participate in shared endeavors with others, with all playing active but often asymmetrical roles in sociocultural activity. This contrasts with models of learning that are based on one‐sided notions of learning— either that it occurs through transmission of knowledge from experts or acquisition of knowledge by novices, with the learner or the others (respectively) in a passive role. In this paper, I develop the distinction between the community of learners and one‐sided approaches from the perspective of a theory of learning as participation, and use two lines of research to illustrate the transitions in perspective necessary to understand the idea of communities of learners. One line of research examines differing models of teaching and learning employed by caregivers and toddlers from Guatemalan Mayan and middle‐class European‐American families; the other line of research involves a study of how middle‐class parents make a transition from their own schooling background to participate in instruction in a public US elementary school.     

浅析廊坊市加快科学发展的思路及措施

主要从思想建设、产业结构调整、城乡一体化方面探讨廊坊市抓住发展机遇,加快科学发展的思路。     

劳动法视域下新生代农民工权利缺失问题

中国经济崛起和城市化进程过程中农民工的贡献有目共睹，城市让生活更美好的诱惑使得中国的新老两代农民工从农村流入城市，2008年1月1日的《劳动合同法》和《劳动争议调解仲裁法》让社会看到了改善农民工权利状况的希望，然而新生代农民工的权利保护尤其是作为一名劳动者的权利保护的现状依然不如人意，没有救济的权利不是真正的权利、迟来的正义是非正义，每年岁末对于农民工权益的突击性保障并不能从根本上解决问题，把包括农民工权益保障的社会问题纳入法治框架内、通过探析新生代农民工权利阙如问题及原因进而发现从制度层面进行解决才是解决农民工权益保障问题的根本途径。     

Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of facial expressions of six emotions as a function of sex and level of education (high school, college, university) of the subjects. Three hundred French-speaking citizens of Quebec had to judge which emotion was expressed in various facial stimuli presented on slides. Results show that overall, the recognition of emotions was very good. However, there were significant and strong differences between emotions and sex and levels of education did not have strong effects on the results.This research was supported by grant EQ-1717 from Fonds FCAC (Gouvernment du Quebec).     

学龄儿童健康行为研究方法述评

学龄儿童健康行为研究越来越得到重视,在未来周期性的研究中也面临着在快速发展的背景下保持较高质量、在有限的财政资源情况下持续提高、使趋势分析与修改问卷内容相适应、满足科学受众和政策受众的不同要求等挑战,因此,完善其研究方法成为当前迫切需要。     

Mobility of students and attractiveness of universities. The case of Sapienza University of Rome

Human mobility is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. While labour migration has been widely and deeply investigated – through theoretical and empirical analysis – other forms of mobility have received much less attention. Students' mobility is a peculiar form of temporary movement that can be considered as neither migration nor tourism. It is rapidly growing: in the period 1975–2005 the number of tertiary education students abroad increased fourfold, from 0.61 million to 2.73 million, following the trend of the internationalization of economy and globalization of culture. In 2009 almost 3.7 million tertiary students were enrolled outside their country of origin, an increase of more than 6% from the previous year.

In this paper we analyse the international mobility of university students, using a unique data set built through surveys conducted at the Sapienza University of Rome. The data collected cover a rich array of information on students' characteristics and backgrounds, provenance places, family conditions, individual aspirations, and job preferences. The empirical analysis of those data offers an opportunity for understanding a relevant part of mobility decisions of (prospective) highly qualified workers. The Sapienza University, moreover, is at present the largest university in Europe for number of students and a pole of attraction for both European and non-European students. This allows us to enlarge our analysis at a global level.     

Structuring of manual of orientations and technical information for laundries of industries of animal products origin

This study looked for to lift information regarding laundries inserted in industries of animal products origin, to understand the activities developed in the section and to structure a Manual of Planning and Technical Information for laundries to industries of animal products origin, with the intention of subsidizing the planning, structuring and control of this work place, because norms or regulations that supervise don't exist or aid their managers and workers as for the operation of this work place.     

The impact of generation and country of origin on the mental health of children of immigrants

The authors reexamine the study of generational differences in adjustment among the children of immigrants by arguing that the country of origin defines and shapes the adaptation process across generations. Using a sample of children in Toronto, the authors demonstrate that generational differences in the mental health of children occur only in families from countries of origin at the lowest levels of economic development. Among those at the lowest levels of economic development, a mental health advantage in the first generation evolves to a disadvantage in the 2.5 generation relative to third or later generational children. Children from backgrounds characterized by higher economic development show no initial or eventual differences from the native born. Using data from the Toronto Study of Intact Families, the authors are able to explain differences among children from low economic development backgrounds specifically in terms of increasing family conflict and decreasing school involvement across generations.     

俄罗斯青年政治观研究

政治价值取向是决定一个国家青年价值取向发展方向的重要构成要素,本文通过考察俄罗斯青年对待改革、对待政治制度、政治思潮、领袖人物的态度以及参与共青团和青年联盟组织的活动等问题,以期较为全面和准确地把握俄罗斯青年的政治价值取向。