BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
A Social-Contract Theory of Organizations . Michael Keeley. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1988, 245 pp. plus references and index.
Disturbing the Nest: Family Change and Decline in Modern Societies . David Popenoe. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1988, 390 pages, $49.95, hardback, $24.95, cloth.
Advancing Communication Science: Merging Mass and Interpersonal Processes . Edited by Robert P. Hawkins, John M. Wieman, and Suzanne Pingree. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications, 1988, 312 pp., paperback.
On the Take: From Petty Crooks to Presidents , 2nd ed. William Chambliss. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988, 301 pages.
Methodology and Epistemology for Social Science . Donald T. Campbell. Selected papers edited by E. Samuel Overman. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1988, 609 pages, $62.50, cloth.
Technology and Justice . George Grant. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1986, 133 pages, paperback.
Emile Durkheim and the Reformation of Sociology . Stjepan G. Mestrovic. Totawa, NJ: Rowan and Littlefield, 1988, 156 pp.
Certainties and Doubts: Collected Papers, 1962–1985 . George Caspar Homans. New Brunswick: Transaction Books, 1987, 420 pages, $34.95, hardback.
Strong Mothers, Weak Wives . Miriam Johnson. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1988, 347 pp.
Jürgen Habermas . Michael Pusey. London: Tavistock Publications, 1987, 128 pages, paperback; and New York: Routledge, 1988, $22.50, cloth, Can. $31.50; $8.95, paperback, Can. $13.00.
The World We Created at Hamilton High . Gerald Grant. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988, 2825 pages, $24.95, hardback     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: Environmental Sociology: A Social Constructionist Perspective, by John A. Hannigan. New York: Routledge, 1995, 236 pages. Paper, $18.95. It is important to note, however, that environmental risks and problems as socially constructed entities need not undercut legitimate claims about the condition of the environment, thereby denying them an objective reality…. Similarly, social constructionism does not deny the independent causal powers of nature but rather asserts that the rank ordering of these problems by social actors does not always directly correspond to actual need. (p. 30) Challenging Codes: Collective Action in the Information Age, by Alberto Melucci. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996,441 pages. Cloth, $34.95. Reconfiguring the Truth: Postmodernism, Science Studies, and the Search for a New Model of Knowledge, by Steven C. Ward. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Little-field, 1996, 184 pages. Cloth, $52.50; paper, $21.95. One Dies, Get Another: Convict Leasing in the American South, 1866–1928, by Matthew J. Mancini. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1996, 293 pages. Cloth, $34.95. Becoming American, Becoming Ethnic: College Students Explore Their Roots, edited by Thomas Dublin. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1996, 241 pages. Paper, $18.95. The Occupation of Alcatraz Island: Indian Self-Determination and the Rise of Indian Activism, by Troy R. Johnson. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1996, 273 pages. Paper, $16.95. The Image of Man: The Creation of Modern Masculinity, by George L. Mosse. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996, 232 pages. Cloth, $25.00. Women, Work, and Gender Relations in Developing Countries: A Global Perspective, edited by Parvin Ghorayshi and Claire Belanger. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1996, 246 pages. Cloth, $59.95. Muslim Politics, by Dale F. Eickelman and James Piscatori. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996, 235 pages. Cloth, $39.50; paper, $13.95. Asian American Women and Men: Labor, Laws, and Love, by Yen Le Espiritu. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1997, 146 pages. Cloth, $35.00; paper, $14.95. Desert Capitalism: Maquiladoras in North America's Western Industrial Corridor, by Kathryn Kopinak. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1996, 232 pages. Cloth, $45.00.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Block, Joel D. To Marry Again ,
Lorimer, Anne with Feldman, Philip, Remarriage ,
Carter, Elizabeth A. & McGoldrick, Monica. The family life cycle .
Fried, Edrita, The courage to change ,
Haley, Jay. Leaving home: The therapy of disturbed young people .
Madanes, Cloé. Strategic family therapy .
Hess, Allen K., (Ed.), Psychotherapy supervision: Theory, research, practice .
Minuchin, Salvador and Fishman, Charles H. Family therapy techniques .
Schwartz, Gary and Merten, Don; with Behan, Fran and Rosenthal, Allyne. Love and Commitment ,
Singer, Laura J. Stages: The crises that shape your marriage .
Stahmann, Robert F., and Hiebert, William J. Premarital counseling .
Straus, Murray A., & Hotaling, Gerald T. (Eds.). The social causes of husband-wife violence .
Strean, Herbert S. The extramarital affair .
Tymchuk, Alexander J. Parent and family therapy: An integrative approach to family interventions .
Woody, Robert H. (Ed.) Encyclopedia of clinical assessment .     

Abstracts

Chessick, R. D. The sad soul of the psychiatrist. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic , 1978, 42 , 1–9.
Greenberg, G. S. The family international perspective: A study and examination of the work of Don D. Jackson. Family Process , 1977, 16 , 385–112.
Hines, P. M. & Hare-Mustin, R. T. Ethical concerns in family therapy. Professional Psychology , 1978, 9 , 165–171.
Keshet, H. F. & Rosenthal, K. M. Fathering after marital separation. Social Work , 1978, 23 , 11–18.
Loewenstein, S. An overview of some aspects of female sexuality. Social Casework , 1978, 59 , 106–115.
Mace, D. R. & Mace, V. C. Measure your marriage potential: A simple test that tells couples where they are. The Family Coordinator , 1978, 27 , 63–67.
Wexler, J. & Steidl, J. Marriage and the capacity to be alone. Psychiatry , 1978, 41 , 72–82.     

An Introduction to the Social Psychology of Insults in Organizations

The author argues that insults are an importantsocial and organizational phenomenon, which causespowerful emotions and enters people's personalhistories. It is suggested that insults involve aperpetrator, a target and, often, an audience. The intentionto insult is not necessary, as some insults are theresult of misunderstanding or accident. However, theexperience of being gratuitously offended and the corresponding feelings of shame, guilt, andanger are fundamental to insults. Several types ofinsults are observed, such as exclusion, stereotyping,obliteration of significant identity details,ingratitude, scapegoating, rudeness, broken promises, beingignored or kept waiting. Even more potent insults resultfrom the defamation or despoiling of idealized objects,persons, or ideas. Different insult dynamics are noted; these include an apology, acommensurate retaliation, a disproportionate retaliationand possible escalation, a retaliation against asurrogate and weaker target than the perpetrator of theinitial insult, an affected indifference with apossible delayed retaliation, or more commonly aresigned tolerance which may fuel subsequent insults.Insults as well as retaliation and resistance to themare part of an organization's political process whichestablishes, first, lines of domination/subordination,second, finer gradations of status and power, i.e., apecking order, and third, opportunities for building coalitions and alliances. It is argued thatinsults allow for a certain mobility within a peckingorder, by offering 'matches' for contestants to pitchtheir wit, venom, and courage against each other. They also enable audiences to take sides, thusinfluencing and testing the operation of coalitions andalliances.     

Book Reviews

Book Reviewed in this article:
Eisler, Riane Tennenhaus. Dissolution: No-fault divorce, marriage, and the future of women .
Hammond, D. Corydon, Hepworth, Dean, H. & Smith, Veon G. Improving therapeutic communication .
Hawkes, Sharryl and Knox, David. One child by choice .
Hyatt, I. Ralph, Before you marry … again .
Kaslow, Florence W. and Associates, Supervision, consultation, and staff training in the helping professions .
Mace, David and Vera, How to have a happy marriage .
Van Hosse, William H. & Kotler, Jeffrey A. Ethical and legal issues in counseling and psychotherapy .     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Weeks, Gerald R. & L'Abate, Luciano. Paradoxical psychotherapy: Theory and practice with individuals, couples, and families.
Kempler, Walter. Experiential psychotherapy within families.
Kempler, Walter. Experiential psychotherapy within families.
Box, Sally, Copley, Beta, Magagna, Jeanne and Moustaki, Errica (Eds.). Psychotherapy with families: An analytic approach.
Capra, Fritjof. The turning point: Science, society and the rising culture.
Wolberg, Louis & Aronson, Marvin (Eds.). Group and family therapy, 1981.
Green, Robert J. & Framo, James L. (Eds.). Family therapy: Major contributions.
Wile, Daniel B., Couples therapy: A nontraditional approach.
Willi, Jürg. Couples in collusion.
Becvar, Raphael J. & Becvar, Dorothy Stroh. Systems theory and family therapy: A primer.
Pinney, E. G. & Slipp, S. Glossary of group and family therapy.
Brown, Kristi (Ed.). Family counseling: An annotated bibliography.
Glick, Ira D., Weber, David H., Rubinstein, David & Patten, John T. Family therapy and research: An annotated bibliography.
Olson, David H. & Markoff, Roxanne (Eds.).Inventory of marriage and family literature.     

Book Reviews

Rampton, Ben, Crossing: Language and Ethnicity among Adolescents
Drechsel, Emanuel J., Mobilian Jargon: Linguistic and Sociohistorical Aspects of a Native American Pidgin
Hensel, Chase, Telling Our Selves: Ethnicity and Discourse in Southwestern Alaska
Silverman, David, Discourses of Counselling: HIV Counselling as Social Interaction
Goebl, Hans; Nelde, Peter H.; Starý, Zdeněk and Wölck, Wolfgang (eds), Kontaktlinguistik, Contact Linguistics, Linguistique de contact
Baxter, Leslie A. and Montgomery, Barbara M., Relating: Dialogues and Dialectics
Lanstyák, István and Szabómihály, Gizella, Magyar nyelvhasználat – iskola – kétnyelvüség [Hungarian language use, schools and bilingualism]
Zentella, Ana Celia, Growing up Bilingual: Puerto Rican Children in New York
Fairclough, Norman, Media Discourse     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
The People in the Playground . Iona Opie. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993, 240 pages. Cloth, $60.00.
Gender Play . Barrie Thorne. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1993, 237 pages. Cloth, $30.00; paper, $12.95.
Ideal Citizens: The Legacy of the Civil Rights Movement . James Max Fendrich. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press, 1993, 202 pages. Cloth, $49.50; paper, $16.95.
The Shadow of Dionysus: A Contribution to the Sociology of the Orgy . Michel Maffesoli. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993, 167 pages. Cloth, $49.50; paper, $16.50.
Jones's Minimal: Low-Wage Labor in the United States . David Griffith. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993, xvii, 266 pages. Cloth, $44.50; paper, $14.95.
The Politics of Pensions: A Comparative Analysis of Britain, Canada, and the United States, 1880–1940 . Ann Shola Orloff. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1993, 381 pages. Cloth, $60.00; paper, $19.95.
Masculinity and Male Codes of Honor in Modern France . Robert A. Nye. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993, 316 pages.
Adolescence: An Anthropological Inquiry . Alice Schlegel and Herbert Barry III. New York: Free Press, 1991, 263 pages. Cloth, $29.95.     

Ethnographic Study of Gay and Bisexual Working-Class Men in the United States

SUMMARY

Thirty-nine working-class gay and bisexual men were interviewed using ethnographic techniques to better understand their resilience in light of homophobia, heterosexism, classism, AIDS, violence and discrimination. Several themes emerged: heterosexual assumption, sense of difference, socialized to hide, gay identity confusion, coming-out as an ongoing process, managing stigma, conflict with religion, family support, relationships, self-concept, working-class attitudes, and drug and alcohol abuse.     

Patriarchy and development in the Arab world

The author defines patriarchy in the Arab context as the prioritizing of the rights of males and elders, and the justification of those rights within kinship values which are usually supported by religion. She considers the systematic impact of patriarchy throughout Arab society in the attempt to understand the persistence of patriarchy in the Arab world. Patriarchy in the Arab world, and other regions, is an obstacle for women, children, families, and states. It affects health, education, labor, human rights, and democracy. The author argues that patriarchy is powerful in the Arab world because age-based kinship values and relationships are crucial socially, economically, politically, ideologically, and psychologically. Sections discuss social patriarchy, economic patriarchy, political patriarchy, religious patriarchy, patriarchy in the self, and development planners, practitioners, and patriarchy.     

Mediating claims to artistry: Social stratification in a local visual arts community

Participant observation was employed to analyze the stratification of artists in the visual art world around a small northeastern American city. Reflecting their art world reputation, artists' strata included naifs, hobbyists, serious amateurs, aspiring preprofessionals, and professionals. The local careers of some artists moved progressively from lower to higher reaches of the system; as they moved upward, their level of professional commitment, art world involvement, knowledge of art, skill, and artistic style tended to change also. Except among professionals, the great majority were women. Overall, certain art styles were selectively favored. The most important selective mechanisms were formal art education, professionalization, artistic style, network centrality, jurying, and sales. With a few recent exceptions, truly naive and imitative traditional styles were excluded from the upper levels in favor of modernist abstraction, innovative figuration, or sophisticated forms ofart brut.An earlier version of this paper was presented to the 12th World Congress of Sociology, International Sociological Association, Madrid, July 1990.     

Research,A Basic Ingredient in the Study of Social Policy and Social Services

The course model described in this paper has four components: first, a systems base for understanding family structure, including intergenerational themes, taboos, toxic issues, triangulated relationships, and attitudes toward ethnic or racial heritage; second, utilization of research skills, including cataloging sources, constructing topical and autobiographical interviews and questionnaires, determining credibility of sources, and assessing style and form as well as content of correspondence; third, structural adaptations that students' families made over three generations in response to immigration, natural disasters, military mobilization, economic depression, long-distance relocations, and discriminatory actions; and fourth, public review of each student's research, elaborating on the similarities and differences in the experiences of each ethnic or racial group and in the structural accommodations of family systems to these experiences.     

Framework for culturally competent decisionmaking in child welfare

This article provides a framework to understand the cultural, social, political, and economic factors that affect decisionmaking when working with ethnically and racially diverse families in the child welfare system. The article describes external factors affecting the decisionmaking process, including community environment, agency structure, and family characteristics. It then reviews the core stages of the casework process, describing key decisions during intake, assessment, service planning, implementation, evaluation, and closure. Although the framework is based on casework process in the child welfare system, it can be adapted to other child-serving systems, including education, mental health, and juvenile justice.     

Mental health service navigation: a scoping review of programmatic features and research evidence

ABSTRACT

Service navigation is a care coordination approach that is designed to resolve barriers and facilitate access to needed services. Originating within primary and specialty health care sectors, navigation models have recently emerged to support engagement with mental health services. Presently little is known about the nature, extent, and research evidence for mental health service navigation programs. To address this gap in knowledge, this study undertook a scoping review to identify, describe, and appraise current models of mental health service navigation. Data sources included PsychINFO, Medline, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. Inclusion eligibility required studies to describe a study design, recruitment strategy, navigation approach, sample characteristics, and study outcomes. Searches were constrained to English language and published after January 1, 2000. Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. Navigation programs targeted diverse populations and were delivered in-person, by telephone, and online. Navigators included peers, paraprofessionals, clinicians, teams, and web applications. Eleven studies reported results from randomized trials, remaining programs employed program evaluation, qualitative, or CBPR methodologies. Common features of navigation programs included engagement, assessment, service identification, referral, and monitoring/follow-up. Current evidence for mental health service navigation is promising, although additional rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed.     

Bulimia nervosa. Associated physical problems.

1. Bulimia involves more serious problems than previously thought. Bulimia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder characterized by binge eating followed by some form of combination of purging, including laxative or diuretic use, strenuous exercise, and self-induced vomiting to eliminate unwanted calories. 2. Physical problems of bulimia include oral and neck problems, metabolic acid-base imbalances, volume depletion, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypomagnesia, hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, gastrointestinal problems, and edema. 3. The physical problems of bulimia are less well known than those of anorexia. Nurses must be alert for clues, act on suspicions, use a nonjudgmental approach, and be knowledgeable of all assessment factors, including psychological parameters.     

Women and War: Militarism, Bodies, and the Practice of Gender

Women around the world, in various geographic spaces, social and cultural contexts, as partners, wives, sisters, daughters, mothers, mourners, and victims experience war. Women's experience of war and their participation in it, either as actors or resistors, victims or perpetrators ( Moser and Clark 2001 ), cheerleaders or critics, are always influenced by the construction of gender operating in and around their lives. While constructions of masculinity and femininity are always circulating in and around militarism and war, women's bodies are sometimes primary considerations for military and state leaders; this creates a visibility/invisibility/hyper-visibility problem for women in wartime. In this essay, women's participation in war as soldiers, refugees, prisoners, jailers, activists, and suicide bombers and the accompanying shift in the practice of femininity and masculinity is explored.     

Staff stress on an Alzheimer's unit.

Nurses working with the elderly encounter many complex and potentially stressful care situations. Nowhere is this more true than for nursing home staff who work in highly demanding, labor- and client-intensive jobs. A number of factors contribute to the high levels of stress found among nurses who work with the elderly, including continual exposure to physical and emotional pathology and death, and conflict with families, co-workers, supervisors, and representatives from other departments or professions (Goldin, 1985; Klus, 1980). When the stress level in a long-term care facility becomes overwhelming, role conflict, ambiguity, poor self-esteem, and burnout may ensue (Goldin, 1985; Heine, 1986; Klus, 1980; Morrow-Winn, 1985). The process of burnout is characterized by a progressive loss of idealism, energy, and purpose that eventually leads to emotional overextension and exhaustion (Price, 1984).     

Predicting Commitment to Wed Among Hispanic and Anglo Partners

Ethnic differences in commitment to wed were examined between 46 Hispanics (27 women, 19 men) and 160 Anglos (84 women, 76 men). Although limited by sample sizes, findings indicated that Hispanics and Anglos did not differ, on average, on measures of attitudes toward marriage, perceived family influence, commitment to wed, belongingness, and trust. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that, after controlling for age and income, attitudes toward marriage, perceived family support, and trust predicted commitment to wed for women, whereas only perceived family support emerged as a predictor among men. Finally, although no ethnic differences emerged for men, the degree to which trust, perceived family support, and attitudes toward marriage predicted commitment to wed for women varied by ethnicity.