通过信用体系的完善来破解中小企业融资难

融资难这个困扰中小企业的难题为什么多年来一直没有取得较大的突破，反而在金融危机的阴霾下变得更为突出？从我国的金融体制角度来看，正是由于信用管理体系尚未建立健全，中小企业信用担保没有第三方权威评级机构认可，不能靠信用担保从银行获得贷款，只能作抵押贷款，这就无形中给稍显稚嫩的中小企业上了一道枷锁，自然也就无法获得银行的贷款。可见，现代经济是建立在信用基础上的，信用关系是现代经济中最普遍、最基本的经济关系，信用体系的健全和完善已经成为现代经济生活的核心。     

金融深化是破解中小企业融资难的根本途径

美国金融危机冲击我国以来，社会各界都将中小企业资金紧张并导致破产倒闭的责难投向了银行体系，尤其是国有商业银行，要求他们增加贷款，以缓解中小企业融资困难，这种做法固然可以暂缓一些时日，但绝非治本之法。文中通过大企业和中小企业的融资竞争分析后认为，中国的中小企业融资难、贷款难的根本症结在于市场经济中诸多方面存在金融抑制，最后提出了破解我国中小企业融资难的政策建议。     

我国中小企业电子商务模式探析

一、中小企业的界定及作用 在我国,中小加工企业是指职工人数在2000人以内,或年销售额在3亿元以下的企业,其资产总额为4亿万元以下的企业也属于中小企业. 中小企业是我国国民经济的重要组成部分.截至2008年底,我国中小企业和非公有制企业的数量已经超过4800多万户.     

中小企业农民工职业安全存在的问题及应对策略

据《中国统计年鉴》显示,2002年底,我国的企业法人单位为302．6万户,其中中小企业有300．7万户,占了99．4％。据测算,我国国内生产总值的50.5％、工业新增产值的76．6％、社会销售额的57．1％、税收的43．2％、出口总额的60％由中小企业提供。但由于各种主客观原因,中小企业的事故多发,其安全生产状况很不理想。自改革开放以来,农村富余劳动力逐渐进入了中小企业,他们在中小企业中从事的是一些“城里人”不愿意干的苦、重、     

"金融扶贫"的平利实践

殷刚,用1000万元知识产权质押贷款300万元.这是陕西省安康市平利县农商银行发放的第一笔知识产权贷款,有了这笔贷款,他扩大绞股蓝种植规模,带动了更多贫困群众脱贫致富.知识产权扶贫质押贷款,是平利探索"两权抵押"取得成功后,又一次对金融创新进行的有益探索.     

解决中小企业融资问题需发展中小银行

关于中小企业融资难问题众说纷纭,如中小企业信用整体不佳、信息不对称、中小企业信用担保体系不健全、商业银行贷款门槛过高、银行为中小企业提供的金融服务品种少等等。笔者认为,我国目前没有建立起有利于中小企业发展的金融服务体系,现行金融结构与社会经济中的企业、产业性质不相匹配才是造成中小企业外源融资困难的根本原因。中小企业外源融资形式中小企业外源融资有直接融资和间接融资两种形式:(一)直接融资。一方面,由于中小企业经营、规模等方面的条件制约和债券市场本身发展的滞后,中小企业发行债券进行融资的可能性是非常小的;另…     

中小企业金融支持政策的思考

随着我国经济体制改革的深入,中小企业得到了迅猛发展,成为国民经济中一支重要的生力军。最新统计结果显示,我国现有中小企业3980万户,占全部企业总数的99%,占全部企业销售收入、利税、就业人数、出口额的比率分别为60%、40%、75%、60%,中小企业已成为中国经济新的增长点。然而,我国中小企业普遍面临融资难的问题。因此,完善中小企业融资机制,制定符合我国国情的中小企业金融政策已经成为一个值得研究的重要课题。中小企业融资困境分析中小企业的融资困境可以用“双缺口”来概括。所谓“双缺口”就是“权益资本融资缺口”和“债务资本融资缺…     

中小企业融资困境的成因及解决途径

我国中小企业在短短的20多年时间经历了一个从无到有,快速成长的过程。中小企业的健康发展为我国经济增添了活力,但与中小企业对经济增长的贡献形成反差的是,中小企业融资渠道狭窄,融资困难成为长期困扰着中小企业的发展瓶颈。按照银监会的统计数据,当前银行贷款依然不断向大客户集中。截至去年6月底,贷款余额亿元以上的大客户在全国17家最大银行中,数量     

小额贷款公司对缓解中小企业融资难的作用

目前,中小企业发展中面临各种困难,融资难成为他们的核心问题。由于中小企业的经营规模小,产品不成熟,资金又薄弱,在企业运营中有更多的资金需求,而在传统的银行政策环境中又难以贷到所需的资金,小额贷款公司便是一个较好的解决之道。为了充分了解小额贷款公司对中小企业发展的各个层面所起的作用和作用机制,本文主要从宏观和微观上进行说明,在宏观层面上主要从政府、经济和民间风险等方面阐述小额贷款公司对中小企业的作用,在微观层面上主要从贷款手段和工具上,从企业贷款信用意识上和经营风险上等进行阐述,两个层面相互联系,相互融合,充分科学的揭示小额贷款公司对中小企业的作用。     

江西会昌:金融扶贫添新军

"没有想到农村的房子也可以抵押贷款,有了这笔贷款,我种植橘柚就有资金了."日前,江西省会昌县周田镇中桂村贫困户张永贵告诉笔者,该县农商银行发放的6万元贷款给一直想脱贫致富苦于无资金的他带来了创业机会.张永贵口中说的这件事就是会昌县开展的农民住房财产权抵押贷款试点工作.在会昌,像他这样用自家房子拿来抵押贷款的贫困户有不少.     

高校辅导员专业化和职业化的制约因素

高校辅导员专业化培养和职业化发展既是高校提高大学生思想政治教育有效性和辅导员队伍适应高校教育改革的要求,也是辅导员自身发展的需要。面对当前辅导员队伍呈现管理强而教育弱、工作范畴的全职型而非专业型和缺乏相关学科专业背景知识的实际状况,高校应明确辅导员工作职责、对辅导员工作进行专业划分、建立以综合能力为主的高校辅导员提升内容及评价体系、开展学生工作的学科建设和科学研究、制定切实可行的辅导员专业技术职务评定体系,为辅导员专业化和职业化铺平道路。     

Similarity and Complementarity of Behavioral Profiles of Friendship Types and Types of Friends: Friendships and Psychosocial Adjustment

This study investigated different types of friendships and the behavioral profiles of different types of friends in relation to individual adjustment. In 102 classes with preadolescents (mean age 11), 737 independent friendship dyads, and in 149 classes with adolescents (mean age 14), 1,102 friendship dyads were identified. At each age group, cluster analyses on the behavioral profiles of the dyads yielded three friendship types, with two types of friends within each friendship type: Socially Withdrawn friendship (Victimized Withdrawn and Prosocial Withdrawn friends), Prosocial friendship (High Prosocial and Less Prosocial friends), and Antisocial friendship (Bullying Antisocial and Antisocial friends). The behavioral profiles of the two friends in Prosocial friendships were marked by similarity and in the other two types by complementarity. Both Victimized Withdrawn and Bullying Antisocial friends were less adjusted than participants without friends while Prosocial friends were more adjusted.     

Acceptance and Caregiving of Married and Divorced Custodial Mothers and Fathers

The study examined whether differences in gender and family status affect parental caregiving disposition and acceptance of children among parents of children in mid-childhood. The number of participants were 122 divorced-custodial fathers, 107 married fathers, 85 divorced-custodial mothers, and 82 married mothers (n?=?398). A comparison among four groups of parents revealed the following gender differences: mothers scored higher on anxious caregiving and parental acceptance than fathers, and lower on avoidant caregiving. Regression analysis indicated that the higher the caregiving avoidance or anxiety, the lower the parental acceptance. Family status moderated parental acceptance, as avoidant caregiving was associated with reduced parental acceptance among married parents, but not among divorced custodial parents. The finding that avoidant caregiving was not associated with reduced acceptance among divorced custodial parents implies that their parental acceptance behaviors toward their children are affected by their parental status as sole custodial parent, and the associated responsibilities, rather than by gender.     

The Co-Evolution of Marriage and Parental Rights of Gays and Lesbians

ABSTRACT

Historically, federal and state legislation placed different conditions on same- and opposite-sex couples' ability to marry, adopt, or exercise their parental rights. Given the historical intertwining of marriage and parenting, legal issues remain hinged on differing conceptions of marriage and what constitutes a legal family in the United States, especially for same-sex partners compared to their different-sexed couple counterparts. This article provides a historical review of decisions that serve as the foundation for queer parenting rights in the United States. A key focus is on the impact of the U.S. Supreme Court Obergefell v. Hodges (2015) marriage decision on queer parenting and its relevance to researchers and practitioners whose work involves queer families. State discrepancies continue to exist for the treatment of parental rights in spite of the legalization of same-sex marriage. Finally, suggestions are provided for future directions for the field.     

Parenting Responses and Parenting Goals of Mothers and Fathers of Adolescents

We extended on previous work by examining the contextual nature of parenting goals in mothers and fathers of adolescents. We also examined dyadic parenting similarity in parenting responses and parenting goals. Participants were 285 primarily professional (48.6%), White (82.7%) parents of adolescents aged 14 to 17 years old (mothers n = 213, fathers n = 68, dyads n = 43). Results of a 2 × 2 × 6 MANCOVA indicated that parenting goals were influenced by characteristics of the situation but not by parent or adolescent gender. There was dyadic parenting similarity for parenting responses and dyadic similarity for parenting goals. The implications of these findings for parenting interventions and future parenting research using within family comparisons are discussed.     

Gender and the Meaning of Power and Politics

This paper examines the extent to which women as a group have a distinctive understanding of politics and power. Using the theoretical framework of the perceptual-representational system and the Associative Group Analysis (AGA) methodology, the study examines the subjective differences in political meanings of 148 male and female delegates attending their respective Democratic and Republican national conventions in 1984. The data do not indicate that a unique male or female subjective political culture exists. Both Republican men and Democratic women comprehend a politics of connectedness. They differ in terms of the nature, purposes, and type of connectedness.     

A Comparison of Depression and Styles of Coping in Male and Female GA Members and Controls

Depression and maladaptive coping styles are important components of theories of pathological gambling and are frequently foci of treatment with individuals with gambling problems. The present study aimed to improve understanding and treatment of pathological gambling by comparing levels of depression and styles of coping in male and female members of Gamblers Anonymous (GA) to a group of non-pathological gambling controls matched according to gender, age, education, and income. Pathological gambling was measured by the South Oaks Gambling Scale, depression by the Beck Depression Inventory, and coping styles by the Problem-Focused Styles of Coping inventory. Results showed that GA members reported significantly higher levels of depression and more maladaptive styles of coping than controls. Pathological gamblers' greater use of maladaptive coping was evident even when variance attributable to depression was removed, suggesting that their coping deficits may be pervasive. Female subjects reported significantly greater levels of depression and maladaptive coping thantheir male counterparts. Implications for treating depression and coping styles in pathological gamblers are discussed.