试论"话语"一词的含义

“话语”一词在人文社会学科中有诸多不同的含义和用法。我们不能给“话语”下一　个属加种差的定义，然而我们可以从语用学的角度梳理“话语”一词的各种用法，并在福柯　知识考古学与权力系谱学的基础上对这个词作出概念性的说明。     

族谱、村史与民族史——以丰台沟村为个案的村庄志文本分析

祁连山南北麓地区自古就是一条民族走廊。在古代，许多业已消逝的民族相互接触、彼此交流与汇聚并融合。本文以人类学田野调查所获辅以口述史的资料，推演出村庄志文本分析的典范。     

家谱:补充订正史实的特殊档案

中国的家谱、宗谱,古代称之为谱牒,今也称作家谱档案。家谱档案资料对于研究历史具有重要的价值,应该重视家谱档案的修篡、保护和利用。但从目前的状况看,这方面做得还不够。通过对宁波史氏、楼氏两大家族的研究,就利用家谱档案解释这两大家族史研究中的若干问题提出一点自己的认识。     

尼采的“冲动”学说

本文基于尼采的早期著作《朝霞》,对尼采的“冲动”学说进行解读。尼采引入冲动一词源于对于道德的批判,以表达他对于人的自我的全新理解。本文致力于从概念上廓清尼采使用的“冲动”一词,归根结底,“冲动”的概念可以通过诉诸价值、欲望和行动三者之间的内在统一而进行说明;考察了冲动的来源,冲动的演化过程,以期能够解释“冲动”何以被视为一系列汇聚起来的集合体;最后,对“冲动”本质上可以用目的论来说明的观点进行反驳,提出一种更为合理的谱系学的理解。     

What does wellbeing do? An approach to defamiliarize keywords in youth studies

Wellbeing has become a keyword in youth and social policy, a construct deployed as a measure of a good life. Often associated with physical and mental health, wellbeing encompasses numerous indicators, from subjective experiences of happiness and satisfaction to markers of economic prosperity and basic human needs of security. This article examines wellbeing as an organizing concept in discourses on young people and argues for defamiliarizing its truth claims and cultural authority by investigating what wellbeing does. We begin by examining the rise of wellbeing, drawing attention to its conceptual muddiness and ambiguity. Framed by the Foucauldian notion of problematization, the analysis proceeds along two routes: first, through an historical consideration of wellbeing as a relational concept with antecedents, focusing on ‘self-esteem’; and second, through a reading of wellbeing in contemporary educational policy. Informed by Somers' historical sociology of concept formation and Bacchi's critical policy analysis, we illuminate the mixed dimensions of wellbeing's reach, placing it within longer traditions of youth studies and psy-knowledges and showing its transformative promise as well as its individualizing effects. In doing so, we elaborate a methodological approach that can be adapted to examine other keywords in youth studies and social policy discourse.     

Toward a genealogy of the liberal government of youth

While discourses that define and demarcate young people such that they become legitimate targets of negative practices of marginalisation and exclusion have not disappeared, these are no longer the dominant discourses and modes of governing youth. Constructions of youth as self-determining subjects and empowerment polices of youth participation increasingly animate contemporary approaches to governing young people throughout the West and beyond. Until recently, the dominant critique of such developments consisted of accusations of failed attempts to realise certain principles in practice or of their ideological functions. There is however an emerging critical youth studies literature that analyses such developments drawing on the work of Beck and Foucault’s notion of ‘governmentality’. In this paper, I argue that while these studies challenge some of the assumptions upon which such developments rest, they are yet to challenge the extent to which these contemporary ways of constructing and governing youth are new. Using Foucault’s genealogical method my research traces an unacknowledged nineteenth century history of these common ways of constituting and governing youth today. To conclude I consider the strategic usefulness and ramifications of these findings for critical youth studies and policies of youth participation.     

Recalling the ‘Islam of the parents’ liberal and secular Muslims redefining the contours of religious authenticity

Scholarship on Islam in Europe has largely invested in examining the generational dynamics in the lived religious experiences of Muslims. Within this perspective, the idea of a generation gap, which revolves around a distinction between ‘tradition’ and ‘religion’, has figured as an important account in assessing some of these religious transformations. Drawing on fieldwork with Belgian Muslims of Moroccan origin, this paper seeks to nuance this perspective by exploring accounts wherein this ‘traditional’ Islam of the parents is actively reclaimed. This was especially the case for respondents who were quite critical of Islamic revivalist trends. In many of these stories, the parents’ Islam was understood as tolerant and open, in a way that was consonant with ‘tradition’. By focusing on these narratives, a first aim of the paper is to understand how genealogy and ancestry figure as distinct criteria in determining the ‘real Islam’. A second aim is to complicate the understanding of the liberal and modern self, and its relationship to the past.     

徽州文书与清水江文书保护模式比较研究

随着清水江文书的收集、整理和出版,越来越多的文书受到各级政府部门、学术界的重视。如何有效保护、高效利用文书成为一大问题。同时,传统的文书征集方法遭遇到了越来越多的困难和问题,因此,探索建立有别于其他文书保护模式的清水江模式具有重要的现实意义。     

河南《邓州台湾土番垦屯陈氏家乘》考辨

在河南邓州“台湾村”发现的《邓州台湾土番垦屯陈氏家乘》,记载了清初海峡两岸一段鲜为人知的故事。本文通过对该家乘所记史实等内容的考证,证明其并非清同治年间所修,应属现代作品。但是,本文并不否认降清的郑成功所部中有个别祖籍台湾的“土番”兵勇。因此,本文对这一家乘考证的意义不仅在于辨其真伪,而且还在于由此展开了清季海峡两岸人员互动关系的一个新视野。     

基于海绵城市理念的徽州水口园林水环境探析

以徽州水口园林水环境为研究对象,通过分类方法,查阅大量文献,分析水口园林水环境运作机制和海绵城市雨洪管理方法,重点从水、植被、土壤等自然要素分析水口园林水环境的发展模式及其生态效益,借鉴徽州水口园林的雨水调控方法,为现代海绵城市建设提供实际参考.传承并发扬本土景观优势,发挥水、植被、土壤在海绵城市建设中的生态作用,从而更好地体现水口园林水环境运作在海绵城市建设中的研究价值.