论加入WTO与中国政府的行政公开

行政公开是行政法治的一个重要原则 ,是依法治国的必然要求。长期以来 ,中国政府行政公开存在诸多问题 ,如没有统一的行政公开立法、行政公开意识淡薄、存在大量的黑箱操作式的内部文件等。中国政府必须从制定行政程序法、制定信息公开法、实行行政会议公开等方面入手 ,加快行政公开的步伐 ,适应 WTO要求     

合作处理中的团队透明性

对合作处理中的一些基本概念给出了明确的定义，并提出了一个有用的合作团队的模型。模型中的团队代理是实现透明性的依托，在此对其特性、行为及其构造作了描述。把合作团队的透明性分解为环境透明和编程透明，并给出两种进明性在ＯＳＥｗａｒｅ中的实现方法。     

Open Data on a Closed Shop? Assessing the potential of transparency initiatives with a focus on efforts to strengthen capacity development support

Despite strong political commitment, actual gains in improving accountability in development co‐operation have been limited. Main reasons for this include the low level of transparency and high number of actors, as well as the limitations of the self‐reported and input‐oriented OECD reporting system. Efforts through the International Aid Transparency Initiative (IATI) and related transparency initiatives are ill‐equipped to change this given their decision to adhere to the same system. This article uses the specific area of support to capacity development to illustrate this. While further disaggregation of reporting on technical co‐operation could respond to a transparency gap, overcoming the accountability gap requires moving beyond promoting ‘supply‐side’ reform and re‐engaging in efforts to promote collective action.     

美国制裁国际卡特尔的赦免制度介评

美国反垄断部门出台的赦免制度在制裁国际卡特尔方面发挥着极为重要的作用,该制度规定参加卡特尔的公司中第一个向政府揭发该卡特尔的公司可免除刑事责任。赦免制度有效实施的基础包括三个方面,即管辖地的反垄断法必须对参与卡特尔的公司制定严厉的惩罚措施、卡特尔成员面临着被反垄断部门查处的巨大风险、赦免制度具有透明度和可预见性。美国的赦免制度已相当成熟和完善,实践也证明这一制度具有极大的应用价值,这对于我国制定反垄断法、有效制裁国际卡特尔具有重要的借鉴意义。     

Transparency in Europe: A Quantitative Study

In recent years, European pharmaceutical regulators have increasingly committed to heightening access to raw safety‐related data as part of a wave of transparency initiatives (e.g., providing public Internet‐mediated access to clinical trials data). Yet, the regulators—who are under significant pressure—have not yet benefited from a systematic review of this new policy. In seeking to inject much needed evidence, this article explores the effects of new transparency policies designed to promote meaningful communication of risks and benefits to patients. Results of a cross‐national European survey with respondents from Great Britain, the Netherlands, Spain, France, Germany, and Sweden (N = 5,648) shed light on how patients and the public are likely to react to the regulators’ new transparency policies. The findings demonstrate clear national variations in how European citizens are likely to react and emphasize the need to develop evidence‐based, reasoned transparency policies that integrate benefit‐risk communication. The authors conclude by providing six specific recommendations, informed by the study, that seek to improve the European transparency model both within the medical field and across health, safety, and environmental policy domains.     

A framework for food supply chain digitalization: lessons from Thailand

Abstract

The promise of digitalization is enormous and nowhere is it more critical than in its potential to transform food supply chain. Consumers have become more educated and are demanding real-time updated information on foods they consumed through digital media. They are also increasingly demanding to know if the foods they consume are environmentally and socially sustainable or not. As a result, food product traceability, safety, and sustainability issues have become crucial concerns to food retailers, distributors, processors, and farmers. Digitalization allows food supply chains to be highly connected, efficient, and responsive to customer needs and regulation requirements. However, digitalizing a traditional food supply chain is challenging and resource demanding. This is more so for developing countries where moving food from farms to consumers can take months as it travels through an array of middlemen. Unfortunately, little is available in the existing literature on food supply chain digitalization. So far, current researchers mainly explore the benefits of digitalization. Using cases in three companies, this paper explores the practices, challenges, and opportunities faced by Thailand food manufacturers in digitalizing their food supply chains. A framework for food supply chain digitalization is proposed and its implications for research and practices are discussed.     

电子商务对企业定价决策的影响分析及对策

互联网的普及为买卖双方实现交易提供了便利的同时,网上的价格比较侵蚀了商品的价格底线。文章分析了电子商务对企业定价的冲击,给出了“成本透明”条件下企业定价决策的若干建议。     

Transparency in the European Bond Market

The European bond market is made up of many segments characterised by varying levels of liquidity and of pre- and post-trade transparency. The possibility of extending the transparency provisions envisioned in the Directive 2004/39/EC, disciplining the functioning of markets in financial instruments in Europe (MiFID), from the equity to the bond market is currently being discussed. This poses risks to the status quo through trading fragmentation and strong negotiating power of a few large dealers, particularly with respect to small retail investors. The main conclusion of the paper is that if MiFID transparency rules are to be extended to the bond market, this must be “real” transparency, meaning pre-trade dissemination of real-time executable prices and a transparent order book. Under current provisions, this kind of information is available if not directly to everybody, at least directly to dealers and indirectly to professional and retail clients through business-to-business electronic platforms.     

党务公开在党的生活中的定位

党务公开是马克思主义政党的本质要求，是工人阶级政党开放性品格的重要体现。推进党务公开是我党对历史方位的深刻认识和正确把握提出的新要求，是顺应时代发展潮流的必然选择，是坚持和实践科学、民主、依法执政的现实路径，是增强党的先进性和活力，有效预防和惩治腐败的重要手段。     

完善高校校务公开的思考

校务公开被称为高校“阳光工程”,已成为民主的窗口、参与的平台。如何进一步完善和推进校务公开工作,有待认真探讨与研究。文章从加强校务公开的思想认识、组织建设、制度建设以及公开的形式、内容、途径等方面进行了探讨。