Couple Attitudes and Agreement Regarding Pregnancy Wantedness in the Philippines

We compare husbands' and wives' views of the wantedness of their most recent pregnancy in the Philippines, a country where relatively high levels of unintended fertility persist. This research is an extension of earlier work that looked separately at individual men's and women's responses. We analyze survey data for 369 couples and find that those most at risk of experiencing a pregnancy that neither spouse wanted tended to be higher parity couples, those who were more fatalistic, those who were practicing Catholics who attended religious services frequently, and those among whom the husband was the sole breadwinner. Higher parity women and older women were also more apt to experience a pregnancy that was wanted by only 1 spouse. Women who had difficulty discussing sexual matters with their husbands were more likely than other women to have a pregnancy that their husbands wanted but they did not.     

贵州省主导产业选择的投入产出分析

正确地选择主导产业对一个地区的经济发展有着至关重要的作用。本文以贵州省投入产出表为依据，运用投入产出分析方法，对地区主导产业的选择进行探讨，为贵州省产业结构调整和区域经济发展规划提供经济学意义的理论参考。     

Efficiency in the generation of social welfare in Mexico: A proposal in the presence of bad outputs

One of the main goals of any country is to secure the general welfare of society, entailing positive levels of education, health and income, coupled with low levels of social inequality. The following paper studies the efficient use of economic and social resources to generate social welfare in the presence of bad outputs in the states of Mexico during 2010. A two-level data envelopment analysis model was used to determine how efficient the 32 states of the Mexican Republic were, considering as model variables the socioeconomic indicators of the three dimensions of human development (education, health and income), and the data on poverty or inequity in the country. The analysis of the results reveals that only 5 of the 32 units studied were efficient in generating welfare and in reducing poverty, while the rest need to increase their welfare levels and especially reduce inequity in education and income using the economic and social resources they possess.     

A slacks-based inefficiency measure for a two-stage system with bad outputs

We model the performance of DMUs (decision-making units) using a two-stage network model. In the first stage of production DMUs use inputs to produce an intermediate output that becomes an input to a second stage where final outputs are produced. Previous black box DEA models allowed for non-radial scaling of outputs and inputs and accounted for slacks in the constraints that define the technology. We extend these models and build a performance measure that accounts for a network structure of production. We use our method to estimate the performance of Japanese banks, which use labor, physical capital, and financial equity capital in a first stage to produce an intermediate output of deposits. In the second stage, those deposits become an input in the production of loans and securities investments. The network estimates reveal greater bank inefficiency than do the estimates that treat the bank production process as a black box with all production taking place in a single stage.     

基于互惠动机的团队激励动态博弈分析

引入被传统经济学忽略了的互惠动机行为心理特征,建立团队博弈模型,以线性契约激励为基础,分别在静态博弈和动态博弈框架下分析均衡努力和均衡产出,并进行比较分析。研究发现,无论是在静态博弈还是在动态博弈下,互惠动机都会促使代理人提高努力水平,提高团队产出,而且在动态博弈下,互惠动机的作用更强。     

小数分频锁相环杂散的研究

根据小数分频锁相环的工作原理,分析了小数分频杂散产生的机理,给出了分析小数分频杂散的环路线性化模型及计算公式,讨论了抑制小数分频杂散的途径,对一个实际的小数分频锁相环进行了测试,其结果与理论分析基本一致。     

一种考虑整数约束的环境效率评价MOISBMSE模型

传统的基于数据包络分析的环境效率评价常常忽略投入、期望产出和非期望产出为离散型变量的可能性,从而无法精确处理现实中存在的具有整数特征的指标数据,一直以来影响着评价结果的精确性.本文以混合导向的整数DEA为基础,对超效率SBM模型进行拓展,构建了一种能够同时兼顾整数约束和非期望产出指标数据的超效率SBM模型,并在实例中采用搜索算法,对该模型进行求解并通过Bootstrap方法对结果进行修正.将每一个最优整数点与被评价决策单元之间的距离进行比较,可以找出最短距离所对应的最优整数点,即为其帕累托改进方向.该模型将为环境效率评价提供了适用范围更广泛的测度方法.     

“生存性智慧模式”——对中国市民社会研究既有理论模式的检视

就市民社会研究而言,生存性智慧模式的基本理论预设是:由于统治体系内部的利益分化、政府失灵,特别是统治体系本身的理性有限和中国人特有的生存性智慧的实践运行,市民社会组织有可能在当下的分类控制体系中未意图扩展,进而在实践中逐步形成独特的、符合中国理想图景要求的市民社会发育及民主转型模式。     

Who Cares What Others Think? the Indirect Effect of Others’ Attitudes on Condom Use Intentions

ABSTRACT

This qualitative exploratory research project was conducted to determine how women involve their sexual partners in decisions to obtain emergency contraception (EC) after unprotected sex or contraceptive failure. Using a grounded theory framework, I found that the most important determinant of partner inclusion in this decision was relationship status. More specifically, if the respondent was in a longer-term dating relationship at the time of the incident, she was more likely to involve her partner in the decision-making process compared with those respondents in casual relationships. The reason for being at risk for pregnancy (e.g., a broken condom vs. a missed birth control pill) also influenced partner inclusion. And finally, I found that often it was the men who initiated the conversation about obtaining EC originally. Overall, this research demonstrates that men do indeed have a part to play in EC decision making and need to be included in future research.     

Registration,Residency Restrictions,and Community Notification: A Social Capital Perspective on the Isolation of Registered Sex Offenders in Our Communities

This article highlights the importance of social capital for registered sex offenders who are reintegrating back into their communities. Although not always identified among community corrections, the sex offender registry creates a punitive atmosphere that diminishes the amount of available social capital for all involved—community members, sex offenders, and the government. Lost social capital contributes to recidivism, reentry problems, and mental health issues among registered sex offenders. We argue that deterrent and protective features of the sex offender registry are overemphasized and the goal of reintegration has been undermined. The loss of social capital exacerbates (1) the minimization of trust, (2) low expectations of rehabilitation and reentry, (3) limited contact and information from role models, (4) increased access to criminal capital, (5) formal sanctioning power of the registry, and (6) loss of sanctioning power from family and communities. Through this in-depth analysis, we argue that the current state of the registry system harms the social capital of all involved when a sex offense occurs—not just the offender—and we assess directions for future practices, as well as policy implications.