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991.
Matthew S. Rutledge Steven A. Sass Jorge D. Ramos-Mercado 《Journal of Labor Research》2017,38(3):283-305
To assess the employment opportunities of older job-changers in the years prior to retirement, this study examines the how the breadth of occupations in which they find employment narrows as they age past their prime working years and how this differs by gender and educational attainment. The results indicate that workers who change jobs in their early 50s find employment in a reasonably similar set of occupations as prime-age workers, with opportunities narrowing at older ages. They also indicate that job opportunities broadened significantly for better-educated older workers since the late 1990s. While job opportunities now narrow significantly for less-educated men in their late 50s, this narrowing primarily occurs in the early 60s for women and better-educated men. In contrast to previous research, the study finds that employer policies that emphasize hiring from within are less important barriers to the hiring of older job-seekers. The study also finds that the narrowing of job opportunities is associated with a general decline in job quality as measured by median occupational earnings, a decline associated with differences in occupational skill requirements and the underlying economic environment. These results suggest that older hiring is not as limited to a select few occupations as it had been in previous decades, and that policy reforms aimed at increasing opportunities and improving labor market fluidity might best be served if they focused on less-educated men. 相似文献
992.
993.
This study examines generalized trust and trust in institutions in Confucian Asia, covering six countries namely, China, Japan,
Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam, and one dependent region, Hong Kong. Using data from the 2006 AsiaBarometer Survey,
our study affirms the reliability and validity of using a two-item scale to measure generalized trust. Our analysis suggests
that due to demographic differences, there are variations in the level of generalized trust of countries in Confucian Asia,
despite the fact that these societies share a similar background in Confucian philosophy. The relationships between generalized
trust and political trust, and between generalized trust and trust in public institutions, are weak but positive. The positive
relationship between generalized trust and trust in economic institutions is only significant for some of the economies, while
trust in international institutions has the weakest relationship with generalized trust for all societies. We conclude the
paper with research implications. 相似文献
994.
This article shows that if an allocation rule can be implemented with unlimited information certification, then it can also be implemented with limited information certification if the designer can use ambiguous communication mechanisms, and if agents are averse to ambiguity in the sense of maxmin expected utility. The reverse implication is true if there is a single agent and a worst outcome. 相似文献
995.
In April 2013, all of the major academic publishing houses moved thousands of journal titles to an original hybrid model, under which authors of accepted papers can choose between an expensive open access (OA) track and the traditional track available only to subscribers. This paper argues that authors might now use a publication strategy as a quality signaling device. The imperfect information game between authors and readers presents several types of Perfect Bayesian Equilibria, including a separating equilibrium in which only authors of high-quality papers are driven toward the open access track. The publishing house should choose an open-access publication fee that supports the emergence of the highest return equilibrium. Journal structures will evolve over time according to the journals’ accessibility and quality profiles. 相似文献
996.
Miia Bask 《Social indicators research》2011,103(3):443-464
In this paper, we perform a latent class factor analysis of a panel that involves two waves of data from an annual survey
of living conditions in Sweden that were gathered in the years 1994–1995 and 2002–2003. We follow the same 3,149 individuals
over both waves, describing them by sex, age group, family type, nationality background, education level and socio-economic
class. Further, since the welfare disadvantages included in the analysis are chronic unemployment, economic problems, health
problems, experiences of threat or violence, crowded housing, lack of a close friend and sleeping problems, we also have data
on exactly which welfare problems each individual in the data set suffers from. In the empirical analysis, latent class factor
analysis provides us not only with information on which individual characteristics that are important in the accumulation
of welfare problems, but also gives us information on which disadvantages in fact are accumulated. First, we find that welfare
problems do cluster. Second, the welfare problems that most often appear at a factor level with several disadvantages are
experiences of threat or violence and sleeping problems. Finally, being an immigrant and being single are individual characteristics
that turn up most often in factor levels with problem accumulation, whereas there is no distinctive difference between the
sexes. However, women seem to be more prone to suffer from experiences of threat or violence and sleeping problems, while
men are more likely to suffer from lack of a close friend. 相似文献
997.
Laura Keyes AICP MS Deborah R. Phillips PhD CPM Evelina Sterling PhD MPH MCHES Tyrone Manegdeg Maureen Kelly MSW Grace Trimble BA MA 《Journal of aging & social policy》2014,26(1-2):117-130
Most cities, counties, and neighborhoods are not designed for an aging population. By providing a range of services to all residents, Lifelong Communities allow individuals to age in place. Although the Lifelong Communities Initiative is based on established guiding principles, little information exists regarding the realities of moving from policy to implementation. The Atlanta Regional Commission conducted a case study in Mableton, Georgia, and found successful implementation requires a combination of support from local citizen groups and government. The Atlanta Regional Commission is replicating these best practices in other communities and providing support to those aspiring to launch or expand Lifelong Communities. 相似文献
998.
Modified inference about the mean of the exponential distribution using moving extreme ranked set sampling 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and the likelihood ratio test (LRT) will be considered for making inference about the
scale parameter of the exponential distribution in case of moving extreme ranked set sampling (MERSS). The MLE and LRT can
not be written in closed form. Therefore, a modification of the MLE using the technique suggested by Maharota and Nanda (Biometrika
61:601–606, 1974) will be considered and this modified estimator will be used to modify the LRT to get a test in closed form
for testing a simple hypothesis against one sided alternatives. The same idea will be used to modify the most powerful test
(MPT) for testing a simple hypothesis versus a simple hypothesis to get a test in closed form for testing a simple hypothesis
against one sided alternatives. Then it appears that the modified estimator is a good competitor of the MLE and the modified
tests are good competitors of the LRT using MERSS and simple random sampling (SRS). 相似文献
999.
Partial Order Theory has been recently more and more employed in applied science to overcome the intrinsic disadvantage hidden
in aggregation, if a multiple attribute system is available. Despite its numerous positive features, there are many practical
cases where the interpretation of the partial order can be rather troublesome. In these cases the analysis of underlying dimensions
could be useful to uncover particular data structures. The paper shows a way of addressing the problem with the help of an
actual case study, which deals with European opinions on services of general interest. In particular, a partial order of countries
is firstly provided and then a method to detect dimensions is discussed and applied. The analysis stems directly from the
Partially Order Set (poset) and Lattice theory with particular references to dimension theory and Formal Concept Analysis.
The study is eventually able to pinpoint role and relevance of different attributes characterizing EU countries which are
used to define the partial order.
相似文献
Rainer BrüggemannEmail: |
1000.
For more than three decades now, sociologists, politicians and economists have used a wide range of statistical and econometric
techniques to analyse and measure the quality of life of individuals with the aim of obtaining useful instruments for social,
political and economic decision making. The aim of this paper is to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of three possible
methodologies for obtaining synthetic indicators for the area of welfare and quality of life. These methodologies are Principal
Components Analysis, Data Envelopment Analysis and Measure of Distance P2. Furthermore this paper analyses quality of life in the European Union (EU), as a methodological exercise to demonstrate
the principles of calculation, implications and differences between the three indicator-construction approaches. This analysis
is particularly useful in a scene like the EU, immersed in a deep transformation process and with profound cultural, economic
and social inequalities. Therefore, an analysis of the quality of life and well-being of its inhabitants can play a major
role in ironing out such differences. 相似文献