西部地区工业竞争力综合评价

本文基于面板数据的因子分析,从经济效益、科技与人才、能源与环保三个维度对西部十一省工业综合竞争力进行评估。结果表明,西部地区工业竞争力总体水平不高且不平衡明显。其中四川、重庆、陕西、广西、云南是西部具有较强的工业竞争力的地区,而贵州、甘肃、内蒙古、新疆、青海、宁夏竞争力较弱。因此要有针对性地实施发展规划,以促进西部地区工业差距缩小与总体发展水平的提升。     

高管海外背景与企业社会责任

 企业履行社会责任是与利益相关者建立互信关系、获取竞争优势、促进企业可持续发展的重要方式。在经济全球化和中国改革开放进程不断深入的宏观背景下，具有海外背景的管理者在企业中扮演愈发重要的角色，特别是对于新兴市场国家。已有研究探讨高管海外背景对海外融资、对外投资、跨国并购等的影响，尚无研究关注高管海外背景对企业履行社会责任的影响。        基于高阶梯队理论，从高管个体特征视角研究高管海外背景对企业履行社会责任的影响。选取2010年至2014年中国沪深A股上市公司数据，结合手工收集的高管背景特征信息，使用OLS回归、倾向评分匹配法和Heckman两阶段回归方法检验高管海外背景与企业社会责任间的内在联系。        研究结果表明，高管团队的海外背景显著影响企业履行社会责任。相对于无海外背景高管的企业，拥有海外背景高管的企业其社会责任评分更高、评级更好；当企业高管团队中拥有海外背景的高管人数越多、在高管团队中的比例越高时，企业社会责任表现越好；当企业面临的信息不对称程度更大时，高管能依赖用于理性判断的信息更少，此时作为高管认知结构和价值观念代理变量的海外背景对企业社会责任的影响更强。在解决了潜在的内生性问题和样本选择偏差之后，该结论依然成立。        通过理论分析和实证检验，将高管海外背景的经济后果拓展到企业社会责任领域，为高管海外背景的研究提供一个新的视角，并从个体层面拓展了企业社会责任影响因素方面的研究，为新兴市场国家的企业社会责任作用机理提供新的证据。从现实意义上，研究结论为国家海归人才引进政策、企业高层次海外人才招聘和选拔提供了新的证据支持。     

研发模式对企业创新的影响——知识基础的调节作用

 在创新日益呈现出复杂性、系统性和不确定性的背景下，企业对合作研发和内部研发两种研发模式的合理选择及组合运用是提升创新效果的重要途径，但目前的相关研究仍存在一定局限性。一方面，合作研发和内部研发两种研发模式对不同类型创新(如突破式创新和渐进式创新)的影响机理和影响效果是否存在差异还未被厘清；另一方面，企业层面特征(如知识基础)对企业研发模式与企业创新关系的调节作用在已有研究中较少涉及。        针对上述研究现状和现实背景，整合知识基础观和创新管理相关理论，采用层级回归分析方法，收集310家制造企业数据，进行实证分析，研究企业合作研发和内部研发对其突破式创新和渐进式创新绩效的作用机理，以及知识深度和知识宽度对企业研发模式与企业创新关系的调节作用。        研究结果表明，相对于内部研发，合作研发对突破式创新绩效的影响更突出；相对于合作研发，内部研发对渐进式创新绩效的作用更为明显。知识深度在合作研发对突破式和渐进式创新绩效的影响中起正向调节作用，并正向调节内部研发与渐进式创新绩效的关系，但负向调节内部研发与突破式创新绩效的关系；知识宽度在内部研发对突破式和渐进式创新绩效的影响中起正向调节作用，并正向调节合作研发与突破式创新绩效的关系，负向调节合作研发与渐进创新绩效的关系。        在理论层面，考虑了不同研发模式对不同创新类型的影响，丰富了研发模式与企业创新领域的研究成果；引入知识基础作为调节变量，也为研发模式与企业创新之间权变因素的研究做出增量贡献；跳出了相关研究中关于合作研发与内部研发究竟是替代性还是互补性关系的争论，为后续研究提供了新思路。在管理实践层面，企业应根据自身的知识基础以及期望提升的创新类型来选择合适的研发策略。     

城市文化软实力构建的“网都”范式

当前全球数字网络化的发展浪潮和历史背景下,"网都"型文化中心城市建设成为转变城市文化发展方式、提升城市文化软实力的新的战略路径和城市设计愿景。城市发展的"网都"形态具有多元文化范式,要根据不同城市的特点和文化基础,推进网络媒介城市(media city)、网络文化产业高地、网络文化名城、互联网总部基地、文化科技融合的创新引领中心、网络文化宜居之都、互联网枢纽城市等不同类型的"网都"建设。不同的网都范型(paradigm)关切到城市文化软实力的不同层面,存在着从硬文化实力向软文化实力的渐变和过渡谱系;既可以单独构建特色网络文化城市的核心性格与差异化竞争力,也可以综合构建城市文化软实力的体系化架构。     

Correlates of Depressive Symptoms among Homebound and Semi-Homebound Older Adults

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to provide a national profile of homebound and semi-homebound older adults with depressive symptoms and to compare risk factors of depressive symptoms by homebound status. A sample of 1,885 homebound and semi-homebound older adults was selected from Round 1 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 43.9% in homebound older adults and 28.1% in semi-homebound older adults, representing over 830,000 and 1.4 million individuals in the population, respectively. Nearly two-thirds of homebound and over half of semi-homebound older adults with clinically significant depressive symptoms also had significant anxiety symptoms. Results from logistic regression showed that younger age, certain medical morbidities, severity of functional limitations, and pain were common risk factors for depressive symptoms among homebound and semi-homebound older adults. Some differences in the risk factor profile emerged between the homebound and the semi-homebound populations. Alleviating the burden of depression in the semi-homebound population may focus on early prevention that considers the diversity of this population. Home-based, integrated programs of health and mental health services that simultaneously address the medical, psychiatric, and neurologic comorbidities and disabilities of homebound older adults are needed to meet the complex needs of this population.     

马里亚特吉与拉美马克思主义——兼与中国化马克思主义比较

21世纪以来,拉美左派政治运动与马克思主义的复兴密不可分.马里亚特吉对马克思主义拉美化贡献巨大,他首先开启了马克思主义的“本土主义”运动,第一次运用历史唯物主义的方法分析和解答秘鲁民族和国家发展问题,将社会主义的斗争深深根植于国家和民族传统之中,而其思想中的宗教因素则深刻反映了拉美马克思主义的独特社会语境.马里亚特吉的思想代表了一种拉美马克思主义的优良传统,其当代境遇也印证了,社会主义的中国模式仍然必须坚持和加强中国共产党的领导和马克思主义的指导思想.     

Parameter estimation of a composite production function model based on improved artificial fish swarm algorithm and model application

The traditional Cobb–Douglas production function uses the compact mathematical form to describe the relationship between the production results and production factors in the production technology process. However, in macro-economic production, multi-structured production exists universally. In order to better demonstrate such input–output relation, a composite production function model is proposed in this article. In aspect of model parameter estimation, artificial fish swarm algorithm is applied. The algorithm has satisfactory performance in overcoming local extreme value and acquiring global extreme value. Moreover, realization of the algorithm does not need the gradient value of the objective function. For this reason, it is adaptive to searching space. Through the improved artificial fish swarm algorithm, convergence rate and precision are both considerably improved. In aspect of model application, the composite production function model is mainly used to calculate economic growth factor contribution rate. In this article, a relatively more accurate calculating method is proposed. In the end, empirical analysis on economic growth contribution rate of China is implemented.     

网络传播中“情绪对应”现象与效应分析——基于《今日头条》样本数据的实证挖掘

基于网络传播大数据的实证分析显示，“情绪对应”不仅是一种整体意义上的强效果论，而且还在相当大的程度上体现出鲜明的甚至可预测的作用关系。分别从标题情绪促发的评论情绪的概率矩阵、评论情绪回溯的标题情绪概率矩阵进行分析。实证考察的详细结果显示：各种情绪的帖子和评论在绝对比重和相对比重上，都显现出相同情绪之间的对应和对称。情绪在网络“意见”和“议程”等内容传播层面需突出其系统性涉及的本体地位，加强从“信息的内容”向“信息的形式”的延展，强调情绪形式及其关系中的主体间性和传受间性。     

Modeling the Adenoma and Serrated Pathway to Colorectal CAncer (ASCCA)

Several colorectal cancer (CRC) screening models have been developed describing the progression of adenomas to CRC. Currently, there is increasing evidence that serrated lesions can also develop into CRC. It is not clear whether screening tests have the same test characteristics for serrated lesions as for adenomas, but lower sensitivities have been suggested. Models that ignore this type of colorectal lesions may provide overly optimistic predictions of the screen‐induced reduction in CRC incidence. To address this issue, we have developed the Adenoma and Serrated pathway to Colorectal CAncer (ASCCA) model that includes the adenoma‐carcinoma pathway and the serrated pathway to CRC as well as characteristics of colorectal lesions. The model structure and the calibration procedure are described in detail. Calibration resulted in 19 parameter sets for the adenoma‐carcinoma pathway and 13 for the serrated pathway that match the age‐ and sex‐specific adenoma and serrated lesion prevalence in the COlonoscopy versus COlonography Screening (COCOS) trial, Dutch CRC incidence and mortality rates, and a number of other intermediate outcomes concerning characteristics of colorectal lesions. As an example, we simulated outcomes for a biennial fecal immunochemical test screening program and a hypothetical one‐time colonoscopy screening program. Inclusion of the serrated pathway influenced the predicted effectiveness of screening when serrated lesions are associated with lower screening test sensitivity or when they are not removed. To our knowledge, this is the first model that explicitly includes the serrated pathway and characteristics of colorectal lesions. It is suitable for the evaluation of the (cost)effectiveness of potential screening strategies for CRC.     

创新、升级与培育——2013上海文化消费报告

在全国文化消费方兴未艾的背景下,上海文化消费尤为繁盛。在载体方面,创新与多元化趋势增强。由政府主导的基础型公共文化服务体系进一步完善,消费产品更加多样化,但仍存在公共文化机构数量不足、消费理念薄弱等问题。电影节、书展、动漫节、艺术节、艺博会五大节庆类公共文化平台在消费产品多元化、亲民化、国际化方面的趋势更加明显。新媒体作为市场主导的自主型文化消费载体,发展迅猛。网购、APP、微博经济、网络文学消费稳步增长。在客体方面,假日旅游和出境游消费火爆,私人影院等体验式消费备受青睐,演艺、奢侈品消费呈爆发式增长。在主体方面,上海已形成高、中、低3类消费主体并存的文化消费格局,阶层化倾向日趋明显。