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Alfonso Urzúa Claudia Miranda-Castillo Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar Franco Mascayano 《Social indicators research》2013,114(3):1295-1313
Schwartz defines cultural values as motivational types, where each value reflects goals and objectives to be achieved. According to Schwartz, cultural values are related to an orientation that is individualistic (values referred to as power, achievement, hedonism, stimulation and self-direction), collectivistic (benevolence, tradition and conformity) or mixed (security and universalism). Today, there is a theoretical consensus that cultural values are mediators in the evaluation of quality of life (QOL); nonetheless, there are few published studies to date relating them to QOL. To determine whether a significant relationship exits between cultural values and QOL in three Spanish-speaking countries. A total of 821 persons participated: 321 from Chile, 200 from Spain and 300 from Cuba. The Schwartz Cultural Values Survey and the WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Scale were used. Analysis of variance, and correlation and regression analyses were preformed after collecting data. Only hedonism was significantly correlated with the global evaluation of QOL in Spain and Chile. Few correlations were found in all three countries between cultural values and the QOL domains evaluated, with the exceptions of the value of self-direction, which was related to physical well-being, and the value stimulation, which was correlated with psychological as well as social well-being in all three countries. Certain values may be associated with a better perception of QOL, depending on the particular culture of the population evaluated. 相似文献
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Social Indicators Research - Most recent conceptualizations emphasized the role of power in facilitating positive psychological outcomes (subjective well being) as it reduces sensitivity to social... 相似文献
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David Dorn Justina A.V. Fischer Gebhard Kirchgässner Alfonso Sousa-Poza 《Social indicators research》2007,82(3):505-526
We analyze the relation between democracy and perceived subjective well-being while controlling for other relevant determinants
such as culture measured by languages. We conduct a cross-national analysis covering 28 countries using data from the 1998
International Social Survey Programme. Contrasting existing empirical evidence, we observe a significant positive relationship
between democracy and happiness even when controlling for income and culture measured by language and religion. The effect
of democracy on happiness is stronger in countries with an established democratic tradition.
Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the Workshop on Happiness, Economics and Interpersonal Relationships (4/12/2004),
the International Conference of Panel Data Users in Switzerland (26/02/2005), the American Public Choice Society Conference
(10/03/2005), the Annual Conference of the Swiss Society for Statistics and Economics (17/03/2005), and the European Public
Choice Society Conference (3/04/2005). We would like to thank conference participants and particularly Alois Stutzer for helpful
comments.
We thank the Swiss National Science Foundation for financial support (Grant-No. 5004-58524). 相似文献
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Jon M. Stauffer Alfonso J. Pedraza‐Martinez Luk N. Van Wassenhove 《Production and Operations Management》2016,25(2):192-209
We model the global vehicle supply chain of an International Humanitarian Organization (IHO) with a dynamic hub location model across monthly periods. We use actual vehicle data from the International Federation of the Red Cross to feed our model and provide insights into IHO secondary support demand. We find that secondary support demand for items such as vehicles is different from primary beneficiary demand for items such as water and food. When considering disaster response and development program demand simultaneously (disaster cycle management), our results illustrate that keeping a lean centralized hub configuration with an option for temporary hubs in mega disaster locations can reduce overall supply chain costs over a long time horizon. We also show that it is possible to structure a supply chain to take operational advantage of earmarked funding. This research lays the groundwork for using optimization models to analyze disaster cycle management. 相似文献
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Enrique Castilio Alberto Luceno Alejandro Montalban Alfonso Fernandez-Canteli 《统计学通讯:理论与方法》2013,42(4):1181-1193
An ARMA(p,q) Box-Jenkins fatigue model which allows to take into account the dependence between the strengths of neighbouring pieces of material for constant stress range is presented and the asymptotic convergence, for large lengths of materials, to a Gumbel distribution is shown. When the stress range varies, a regression model, compatible with Gumbel result, is derived. This model is based on a functional equation which is solved and a three parameter family is obtained as the only solution. Finally, an example of application with real fatigue data is included. Monte Carlo simulations give the distribution functions of the fatigue strength of wires of different lengths and allow their design. In this way, the influence of dependence is analyzed. 相似文献
37.
This analysis uses data from the German Socio-Economic Panel and the Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe to
assess the effect of ageing and health on the life satisfaction of the oldest old (defined as 75 and older). We observe a
U-shaped relationship between age and levels of life satisfaction for individuals aged between 16 and 65. Thereafter, life
satisfaction declines rapidly and the lowest absolute levels of life satisfaction are recorded for the oldest old. This decline
is primarily attributable to low levels of perceived health. Once cohort effects are also controlled for, life satisfaction
remains relatively constant across the lifespan. 相似文献
38.
International migration is a historical phenomenon, which only recently has gained increasing importance, representing a focal point on the political agenda in most countries. One of the reasons is the deep transformation occurring in last decades, both at global and local level, of the role played by its protagonists that are turning to be transnational agents. This is especially true for the skilled professionals, who migrate internationally. As a matter of fact, international human capital mobility is now regarded as “brain circulation” rather than “brain drain”: this new concept concerns individuals who maintain frequent and continued social, economic and political ties with their country of origin, exceeding thereby the territorial and cultural boundaries. In this scenario, China is one of the main sending countries of highly-skilled migrants, through which it can built economic and academic relations with other economic and technological advanced countries. Recently, Chinese policy makers have started to consider the brain drain phenomenon as an opportunity for the transmission of business and technological know-how, as well as tacit knowledge that is hard to find through official channels. This article intends to contribute to the scientific debate on the subject, highlighting the international relevance of the so-called Overseas Chinese Professionals (OCPs), investigating their spatial distribution and features. Besides, the paper will examine the emerging returning flow and the challenge that the country will have to cope with in the next future to impose itself as a innovative leading economy. 相似文献
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Missing consequences in multiattribute utility theory 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
This paper addresses how to deal with decision alternatives with missing consequences in multicriteria decision-making problems. We propose disregarding the attributes for which a decision alternative provides no consequence by redistributing their respective weights throughout the objective hierarchy in favor of a straightforward idea: the assignation of the respective attribute range as a default value for missing consequences due to possible uncertainty about the decision alternative consequences. In both cases, decision alternatives are evaluated by means of an additive multi-attribute utility model. An illustrative example of the restoration of radionuclide contaminated aquatic ecosystems is shown. 相似文献
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Arora Ashish Gambardella Alfonso Rullani Enzo 《Journal of Management and Governance》1997,1(1):123-140
This paper argues that modularity of knowledge andtechnologies has important implications for the locusof inventive activities. This is because modularityallows for a separation of the innovation process intwo main activities: The production of basic(standardised) modules, and their combination toproduce variants of technologies or product designsthat are better suited to the special needs ofindividual users or markets. This gives rise to adivision of labour whereby the production of moduleswill be performed by specialised upstream suppliers(who enjoy economies of scale), while the combinationof modules will be performed by firms furtherdownstream or by the users themselves. We then suggestthat this pattern can explain a variety of phenomenasuch as why users co-produce their innovations, andhow small regions can support innovative activitydespite the apparent efficiency advantage of largerregions. 相似文献