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101.
A number of indices exist to calculate lifespan variation, each with different underlying properties. Here, we present new formulae for the response of seven of these indices to changes in the underlying mortality schedule (life disparity, Gini coefficient, standard deviation, variance, Theil’s index, mean logarithmic deviation, and interquartile range). We derive each of these indices from an absorbing Markov chain formulation of the life table, and use matrix calculus to obtain the sensitivity and the elasticity (i.e., the proportional sensitivity) to changes in age-specific mortality. Using empirical French and Russian male data, we compare the underlying sensitivities to mortality change under different mortality regimes to determine the conditions under which the indices might differ in their conclusions about the magnitude of lifespan variation. Finally, we demonstrate how the sensitivities can be used to decompose temporal changes in the indices into contributions of age-specific mortality changes. The result is an easily computable method for calculating the properties of this important class of longevity indices. 相似文献
102.
Communication in Care and Coercion: Institutional Interactions between Family Supervisors and Parents 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
van Nijnatten Carolus; Hoogsteder Mariette; Suurmond Jeanine 《British Journal of Social Work》2001,31(5):705-720
Summary In this study the interaction of 51 videotaped professionalcommunications between Dutch family supervisors and parentsof children under family supervision were analysed. Family supervisionlies at the interface of care and control. This is evident inthe communication of professional child welfare workers withtheir clients for whom they have to clarify their rights. Theanalysis shows some of the strategies used by Dutch family supervisorsin cases of formal decisions and other interactions where theyanticipate confrontation with the client. In this way, familysupervisors separate their caring from their repressive functions.Nevertheless care and control were found to be successfullyintegrated in some communications. 相似文献
103.
This research note is based on the evaluation of the Comenius project Teacher‐IN‐SErvice‐Training‐for‐Roma‐inclusion (INSETRom). The project represented an international effort that was undertaken to bridge the gap between Roma and non‐Roma communities and to improve the educational attainment of Roma children in the mainstream educational system. The evaluation of the project showed that such projects can impact a teacher's confidence and attitudes, but that implementing new insights poses many challenges. 相似文献
104.
Barry van Driel 《Intercultural Education》1999,10(2):173-182
The Gandhi Secondary School, located in Pécs, Hungary, was, until recently, the only secondary school in Europe devoted to preparing young Roma for higher education. This article discusses the school's origins and philosophy, its curriculum, and its teaching models. There is also a discussion of the reality of life at the school and the various challenges faced by teachers and students. 相似文献
105.
106.
Rudie Hulst André van Montfort Arto Haveri Jenni Airaksinen Josephine Kelly 《Public Organization Review》2009,9(3):263-285
Comparative research on inter-municipal cooperation in eight European countries shows that there is a great variety of institutional
arrangements for cooperation across the different countries. Also, these arrangements tend to change over time in terms of
the scope of cooperation among partners, their composition and the degree of organizational integration. This article describes
and analyzes the variety of and shifts in institutional arrangements for a specific class of inter-municipal cooperation arrangements:
those that are set up to provide for the joint delivery of public services. It is argued that specific arrangements are typically
the outcomes of interaction between national institutional contexts, environmental factors and local preferences. 相似文献
107.
This paper uses longitudinal survey data to assess factors affecting the duration of unemployment in Russia. We examine four
types of marginalised labour force participants, according to ILO guidelines and survey responses, and we estimate duration
models for each type. It turns out that the sets of characteristics with the strongest effects on the duration are remarkably
similar across the different unemployment definitions and model specifications. Therefore, despite the formidable practical
measurement problems, problematic groups of individuals can actually be identified.
Received: 27 January 1999/Accepted: 27 January 2000 相似文献
108.
This study examines whether Big Five personality traits affect the extent to which a socially anxious child will be victimized. A total of 1814 children participated in the study (mean age = 11.99 years). Children completed self‐reports and peer reports of victimization, which were aggregated, and self‐reports of social anxiety and Big Five personality traits. A regression analysis was performed to study the moderating effect of personality traits on the relation between social anxiety and victimization. Socially anxious children scoring high on extraversion are less at risk for victimization than socially anxious children scoring low on extraversion. In addition, socially anxious boys scoring high on agreeableness were less at risk for victimization than socially anxious boys scoring low on agreeableness. Conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience did not moderate the relation between social anxiety and victimization. 相似文献
109.
C. B. García J. García Pérez J. R. van Dorp 《Statistical Methods and Applications》2011,20(4):463-486
A prevalence of heavy-tailed, peaked and skewed uncertainty phenomena have been cited in literature dealing with economic,
physics, and engineering data. This fact has invigorated the search for continuous distributions of this nature. In this paper
we shall generalize the two-sided framework presented in Kotz and van Dorp (Beyond beta: other continuous families of distributions
with bounded support and applications. World Scientific Press, Singapore, 2004) for the construction of families of distributions with bounded support via a mixture technique utilizing two generating
densities instead of one. The family of Elevated Two-Sided Power (ETSP) distributions is studied as an instance of this generalized
framework. Through a moment ratio diagram comparison, we demonstrate that the ETSP family allows for a remarkable flexibility
when modeling heavy-tailed and peaked, but skewed, uncertainty phenomena. We shall demonstrate its applicability via an illustrative
example utilizing 2008 US income data. 相似文献
110.
National identity, macro and micro economic expectations affect the attitude toward the euro. In a study in The Netherlands, data were collected and relationships between the latent concepts were modelled with LISREL. In the best fitting model, national identity has a direct and an indirect effect on attitude, respectively, an unstructured and a structured effect. The indirect effect is mediated by macro and micro expectations. Macro expectations also have a direct and an indirect effect. The indirect effect is mediated by micro expectations. On one hand, macro expectations form a strong link between national identity and attitude. On the other hand, macro expectations have a strong direct effect on attitudes. The euro is mainly perceived and evaluated in a macro-economic perspective.PsycINFO classification: 2229; 3920 相似文献