全文获取类型
收费全文 | 164篇 |
免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 34篇 |
民族学 | 1篇 |
人口学 | 7篇 |
理论方法论 | 5篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
社会学 | 69篇 |
统计学 | 50篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 1篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 9篇 |
2016年 | 5篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 5篇 |
2013年 | 17篇 |
2012年 | 6篇 |
2011年 | 5篇 |
2010年 | 3篇 |
2009年 | 3篇 |
2008年 | 8篇 |
2007年 | 10篇 |
2006年 | 8篇 |
2005年 | 6篇 |
2004年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 4篇 |
2002年 | 2篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 3篇 |
1969年 | 5篇 |
1968年 | 7篇 |
1966年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有168条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
Rolf Aaberge 《Social Choice and Welfare》2009,33(2):235-259
This paper is concerned with the problem of ranking Lorenz curves in situations where the Lorenz curves intersect and no unambiguous
ranking can be attained without introducing weaker ranking criteria than first-degree Lorenz dominance. To deal with such
situations two alternative sequences of nested dominance criteria between Lorenz curves are introduced. At the limit the systems
of dominance criteria appear to depend solely on the income share of either the worst-off or the best-off income recipient.
This result suggests two alternative strategies for increasing the number of Lorenz curves that can be strictly ordered; one
that places more emphasis on changes that occur in the lower part of the income distribution and the other that places more
emphasis on changes that occur in the upper part of the income distribution. Both strategies turn out to depart from the Gini
coefficient; one requires higher degree of downside and the other higher degree of upside inequality aversion than what is
exhibited by the Gini coefficient. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the sequences of dominance criteria characterize two
separate systems of nested subfamilies of inequality measures and thus provide a method for identifying the least restrictive
social preferences required to reach an unambiguous ranking of a given set of Lorenz curves. Moreover, it is demonstrated
that the introduction of successively more general transfer principles than the Pigou–Dalton principle of transfers forms
a helpful basis for judging the normative significance of higher degrees of Lorenz dominance. The dominance results for Lorenz
curves do also apply to generalized Lorenz curves and thus provide convenient characterizations of the corresponding social
welfare orderings. 相似文献
42.
An analysis of poverty based on a country-specific income poverty line suffers from disregarding regional differences in prices
and needs within a country and may, therefore, produce results that give a misleading picture of the extent of poverty as
well as the geographic and demographic composition of the poor. To account for differences in prices and needs, this paper
introduces an alternative method for identifying the poor based on a set of region-specific poverty lines. Applying Norwegian
household register data for 2001 we find that the national level of poverty is only slightly affected by the change in definition
of poverty line. However, the geographic as well as the demographic poverty profiles are shown to depend heavily on whether
the method for identifying the poor relies on region- or country-specific thresholds. As expected, the results demonstrate
that an analysis of poverty based on a country-specific threshold produces downward biased poverty rates in urban areas and
upward biased poverty rates in rural areas. Moreover, when region-specific poverty thresholds form the basis of the poverty
analysis, we find that the poverty rates among young singles and non-western immigrants are significantly higher than what
is suggested by previous empirical evidence based on a joint country-specific poverty line. 相似文献
43.
44.
This paper examines corporate and organizational identification in franchisee organizations from the perspective of the social identity approach. We propose the identity‐matching principle (IMP) as a heuristic for understanding and predicting the different effects of nested identifications. According to the IMP, when identifications and relevant behavioural or attitudinal outcomes address the same level of categorization, their relationship will be stronger. A study is presented with employees (n=281) matched to managers (n=101). Supporting the IMP, organizational identification (but not corporate identification) predicted customer‐oriented behaviour on the level of the local organization, whereas corporate identification (but not organizational identification) predicted attitude toward corporate citizenship behaviour. Furthermore, multilevel analyses showed that these relationships were enhanced in organizations where managers displayed the respective behaviours themselves to a greater extent. Implications for theorizing about leadership and organizational attachments are discussed alongside recommendations for organizational practitioners. 相似文献
45.
Labor supply responses and welfare effects from replacing current tax rules by a flat tax: Empirical evidence from Italy, Norway and Sweden 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
This paper employs a microeconometric framework to examine the labor supply responses and the welfare effects from replacing
current tax systems in Italy, Norway and Sweden by a flat tax on total income. The flat tax rates are determined so that the
tax revenues are equal to the revenues as of 1992. The flat tax rates vary from 23 per cent in Italy, 25 per cent in Norway,
to 29 per cent in Sweden. In all three countries the labor supply responses decline sharply with pre-reform disposable income.
The results show that the efficiency costs of the current tax systems relative to a flat tax may be rather high in Norway
and much lower, but positive, in Italy and Sweden. In all three countries “rich” households – defined by their pre-tax-reform
income – tend to benefit (in terms of welfare) more than “poor” households. In Italy and Sweden a majority will lose from
a shift to a flat tax, while in Norway a majority is predicted to win.
Received: 19 May 1998/Accepted: 02 July 1999 相似文献
46.
T. Rolf Turner Murray A. Cameron Peter J. Thomson 《Revue canadienne de statistique》1998,26(1):107-125
We show how the concept of hidden Markov model may be accommodated in a setting involving multiple sequences of observations. The resulting class of models allows for both interrelationships between different sequences and serial dependence within sequences. Missing values in the observation sequences may be handled in a straightforward manner. We also examine a group of methods, based upon the observed Fisher Information matrix, for estimating the covariance matrix of the parameter estimates. We illustrate the methods with both real and simulated data sets. 相似文献
47.
Although prior studies have consistently shown that organizational identification can reduce employees' stress and burnout, little is known about the mediating processes that underlie this relationship. Against this backdrop and building on recent theoretical work on the social identity model of stress, the present research tests a two-step mediation model for the organizational identification–burnout link. Specifically, it is hypothesized that employees who strongly identify with their organization are particularly likely to receive social support from their colleagues. This, in turn, should promote a sense of collective efficacy and, as a consequence, negatively relate to burnout. Data from a study with 192 Italian high schoolteachers supported the hypotheses. 相似文献
48.
Prior research has identified the importance of embodied action in establishing representational infrastructure during disruptions in interdisciplinary work. This study expands on such research by examining meetings of interdisciplinary museum design teams—including educators, designers, researchers, and museum professionals. In these meetings, the museum space (exhibition room) emerges as a boundary object as it is presented through diverse material artifacts including floor-plans and mock-ups. The authors’ analyses identify and describe bodily and discursive practices of place-making and place-imagining that the participants perform as they attempt to maintain continuity across these shifting material forms and occasions. 相似文献
49.
Risk patterns in drug safety study using relative times by accelerated failure time models when proportional hazards assumption is questionable: an illustrative case study of cancer risk of patients on glucose‐lowering therapies 下载免费PDF全文
Edmond S.‐W. Ng Olaf H. Klungel Rolf H. H. Groenwold Tjeerd‐Pieter van Staa 《Pharmaceutical statistics》2015,14(5):382-394
Observational drug safety studies may be susceptible to confounding or protopathic bias. This bias may cause a spurious relationship between drug exposure and adverse side effect when none exists and may lead to unwarranted safety alerts. The spurious relationship may manifest itself through substantially different risk levels between exposure groups at the start of follow‐up when exposure is deemed too short to have any plausible biological effect of the drug. The restrictive proportional hazards assumption with its arbitrary choice of baseline hazard function renders the commonly used Cox proportional hazards model of limited use for revealing such potential bias. We demonstrate a fully parametric approach using accelerated failure time models with an illustrative safety study of glucose‐lowering therapies and show that its results are comparable against other methods that allow time‐varying exposure effects. Our approach includes a wide variety of models that are based on the flexible generalized gamma distribution and allows direct comparisons of estimated hazard functions following different exposure‐specific distributions of survival times. This approach lends itself to two alternative metrics, namely relative times and difference in times to event, allowing physicians more ways to communicate patient's prognosis without invoking the concept of risks, which some may find hard to grasp. In our illustrative case study, substantial differences in cancer risks at drug initiation followed by a gradual reduction towards null were found. This evidence is compatible with the presence of protopathic bias, in which undiagnosed symptoms of cancer lead to switches in diabetes medication. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
50.
Testing conditional symmetry against various alternative diagonals-parameter symmetry models often provides a point of departure in studies of square contingency tables with ordered categories. Typically, chi-square or likelihood-ratio tests are used for such purposes. Since these tests depend on the validity of asymptotic approximation, they may be inappropriate in small-sample situations where exact tests are required. In this paper, we apply the theory of UMP unbiased tests to develop a class of exact tests for conditional symmetry in small samples. Oesophageal cancer and longitudinal income data are used to illustrate the approach. 相似文献