人口转型与中国农业可持续增长

禀赋性资源的约束性,已成为农业可持续增长的瓶颈.农业人口生产由数量偏好向质量偏好转变带来的技术进步型农业的增长方式,有效地保证了农业的可持续增长.而农业可持续增长是一种不依赖传统生产要素增加,却是以农业技术进步为源泉的农业生产总量的增长.本文通过对人口转型影响要素和技术进步中介效应的计量分析,验证了人口转型通过对农业技术进步的影响进而促进农业可持续增长的途径,也即验证了人口转型、技术进步与农业可持续增长三者间的关系.优化教育资源合力打造适宜农民培养体系实现农业人口转型,有效保证农业科技的进步和推广应用,是保障农业可持续增长的有效措施.     

高校“形势与政策”课教学实效性探析

从“形势与政策”课本身的特征来看，其应该是一门有吸引力的课程；而从现实来看，学生很难对此课有热情。当前，“形势与政策”课堂教学存在的问题弱化了课程本身具有的吸引力。所以，提高时效性、增加说服性、增强感染力、激发主动性对提高高校“形势与政策”课教学的实效性具有重要意义。     

明代应天巡抚驻地考

应天巡抚署治事处所先在南京会同馆,自成化十八年(1482)起才建有独立衙署,直到万历二年(1574)一直在南京。同年,为居中调度,及时处理海警和江警紧要事务,驻地移往适中之地应天府句容县。万历三十一年(1603),因苏州发生生员和市民之变,兼因苏州日益重要的经济和交通地位,应天巡抚又由句容迁驻苏州,此后直到明末,一直驻扎苏州。     

“没有晚清,何来五四”与现当代文学学科话语增生

"没有晚清,何来五四"对晚清文学知识考古式重返,把现代文学起点推到晚清,拓宽了现代文学疆界,并从对现代起源的关注转向如何想象并谈论中国"现代"的方式,引发了现当代文学研究范式的转换。论断对晚清现代性想象的释放,引发十七年文学"反现代的现代性"的探讨,使其在"革命中国"的阐释中具有了知识范畴的独立性和类似"乌托邦"的价值品格。而寻找中国现代性的努力暗合了中国作为大国经济崛起的"现实",这种承认的政治让现代性变成政治正确的概念而空洞化,重新落入西方思维模式中。对论断的反思是研究者超越时代限定并使现当代文学学科与研究者获得独立品格,走向成熟的关键。     

从仪式到非遗:石首跳三鼓文化传承研究

石首跳三鼓是流行于石首的一种具有明显地域特色的丧葬仪式,其历史悠久,表演形式多样,文化功能显著,早已深深融入百姓的生活.近年来,石首跳三鼓由地方性祭祀仪式发展为国家级非物资文化遗产,其文化传承受到越来越多人的关注.石首跳三鼓正面临着文化空间压缩、殡葬改革冲击、市场化的局限等文化传承困境,从拓展文化空间、强化科技支撑、规范市场行为等方面,对石首跳三鼓文化可持续性传承提出了一些思路.     

感性消费时代的广告受众心理分析

通过对广告受众心理进行分析,总结出新形势下广告受众心理的主要特点。具体受众心理分析是：一、感性心理：情趣情调;自我比拟;理想向往;流行时尚;交流互动;品牌偏好。二、理性——感性心理：实用价值观念变异;自我价值中的理性与感性;体现个性。     

SOFT SKILLS,HARD SKILLS,AND THE BLACK/WHITE WAGE GAP

This study examines the relative importance of soft skills versus hard skills across occupations and its impact on the observed wage gap between Blacks and Whites in the United States. It posits that the Black/White pay gap may vary across occupations that require the use of different types of skills. We classify occupations into hard‐skill intensive versus soft‐skill intensive jobs using the skill content measures of different occupations from the Occupational Information Network (O*Net). We then use data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) and Current Population Survey (CPS) to investigate the impact of job skill type on the wage gap. Consistent with our theoretical predictions, we show that this wage gap in white‐collar jobs is smaller for hard‐skills jobs than it is for soft‐skills jobs. Moreover, we demonstrate that, in response to variations in the wage gap across different occupations, Blacks are more likely to self‐select themselves into hard‐skills jobs, ceteris paribus. This shows not only that discrimination against Blacks varies across occupations, but also that such discrimination induces the self‐selection of Blacks into certain occupations. Moreover, this finding highlights the role played by co‐worker/customer discrimination in explaining the racial wage gap in the U.S. labor market. (JEL J15, J31)     

空气污染治理与公众健康———来自“大气十条”政策的证据

为探究《大气污染防治行动计划》 (以下简称“大气十条”)的健康效应,本文基于中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)数据及省级面板数据,利用基于多项Logit模型的双重差分法(Logit-DID),从微观与宏观两个维度考察“大气十条”政策的健康改善效应及其传导机制,并进一步通过异质性分析探讨环境健康不平等的内在原因 研究发现:“大气十条”实施带来显著的健康效应,该政策不仅能有效控制与空气污染高度相关疾病的发病率和死亡占比,还能够间接降低受空气污染影响较小的疾病病情。其作用机理主要通过控制PM2.5浓度改善公众健康,同时该政策对二氧化硫(SO2)、氮氧化物、烟(粉)尘等其 他污染物浓度的下降起到了协同作用。进一步分析显示环境福利不公平的现象依然存在,“大气十条”政 策显著降低了疾病高发人群的发病率,且对女性、城镇居民和低、高年龄段等疾病高发人群的健康影响更显著。本文为政府构建环境健康公平发展路径,推进“健康中国”战略提供了经验证据和政策借鉴。     

Multi-neighborhood based iterated tabu search for routing and wavelength assignment problem

The routing and wavelength assignment problem (RWA) has shown to be NP-hard if the wavelength continuity constraint and the objective of minimizing the number of wavelengths are considered. This paper introduces a multi-neighborhood based iterated tabu search algorithm (MN-ITS), which consists of three neighborhoods with a unified incremental evaluation method, to solve the min-RWA problem. The proposed MN-ITS algorithm is tested on a set of widely studied real world instances as well as a set of challenging random ones in the literature. Comparison with other reference algorithms shows that the MN-ITS algorithm is able to improve five best upper bounds obtained by other competitive reference algorithms in the literature. This paper also presents an analysis to show the significance of the unified incremental evaluation technique and the combination of multiple neighborhoods.     

On analysis of binary response data in longitudinal factorial studies

Binary data are commonly used as responses to assess the effects of independent variables in longitudinal factorial studies. Such effects can be assessed in terms of the rate difference (RD), the odds ratio (OR), or the rate ratio (RR). Traditionally, the logistic regression seems always a recommended method with statistical comparisons made in terms of the OR. Statistical inference in terms of the RD and RR can then be derived using the delta method. However, this approach is hard to realize when repeated measures occur. To obtain statistical inference in longitudinal factorial studies, the current article shows that the mixed-effects model for repeated measures, the logistic regression for repeated measures, the log-transformed regression for repeated measures, and the rank-based methods are all valid methods that lead to inference in terms of the RD, OR, and RR, respectively. Asymptotic linear relationships between the estimators of the regression coefficients of these models are derived when the weight (working covariance) matrix is an identity matrix. Conditions for the Wald-type tests to be asymptotically equivalent in these models are provided and powers were compared using simulation studies. A phase III clinical trial is used to illustrate the investigated methods with corresponding SAS® code supplied.