Hazard rate ordering of the second-order statistics from multiple-outlier PHR samples

In this paper, we compare the hazard rate functions of the second-order statistics arising from two sets of independent multiple-outlier proportional hazard rates (PHR) samples. It is proved that the submajorization order between the sample size vectors together with the supermajorization order between the hazard rate vectors imply the hazard rate ordering between the corresponding second-order statistics from multiple-outlier PHR random variables. The results established here provide theoretical guidance both for the winner's price for the bid in the second-price reverse auction in auction theory and fail-safe system design in reliability. Some numerical examples are also provided for illustration.     

公益诉讼费用分担方式的构建

公益诉讼费用是公益诉讼必然面临的问题,其合理与否极大地关系着人们享受法律保障的程度。但公益诉讼往往诉讼成本高,导致公益诉讼难以取得理想的预期效果,而现行的诉讼费用分担方式并不能完全适应公益诉讼的发展需要。因此,应从被告方分担、受益者分担、国家分担三方面入手,通过设立公益诉讼奖励基金以及费用移转支付的方式,建立起一个与公益诉讼理念相契合的公益诉讼费用分担方式。     

Comparison of preliminary test estimators based on generalized order statistics from proportional hazard family using Pitman measure of closeness

In this article, based on generalized order statistics from a family of proportional hazard rate model, we use a statistical test to generate a class of preliminary test estimators and shrinkage preliminary test estimators for the proportionality parameter. These estimators are compared under Pitman measure of closeness (PMC) as well as MSE criteria. Although the PMC suffers from non transitivity, in the first class of estimators, it has the transitivity property and we obtain the Pitman-closest estimator. Analytical and graphical methods are used to show the range of parameter in which preliminary test and shrinkage preliminary test estimators perform better than their competitor estimators. Results reveal that when the prior information is not too far from its real value, the proposed estimators are superior based on both mentioned criteria.     

Female fertility history and mid-late-life health: Findings from China

China’s middle-aged and older women suffer from poorer health than men. Using national baseline data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a survey conducted from 2011 to 2012, this article applies logistic models to investigate the association between female fertility history (parity, early childbearing, late childbearing) and middle-aged and late-life health. We find that parity is related to the mid-late-life health of women. Women with four children or more are more likely to suffer from activities of daily living (ADL) impairment and poorer self-rated health than those with one to three children. Early childbearing is associated with ADL impairment; however, the correlation is mediated by socioeconomic status. Early childbearing is related to self-rated health in later life by an indirect-only mediation effect via educational attainment and personal income.     

Social Cognitive Factors,Support, and Engagement: Early Adolescents’ Math Interests as Precursors to Choice of Career

The authors examined the central hypothesis that students’ early perceptions of support and sense of engagement in math classes and math activities strongly influence the broadening or narrowing of their math interest. The focus was on the first wave of qualitative data collected from 5th‐, 7th‐, and 9th‐grade students during the 2007–2008 academic year as part of a longitudinal study. Findings indicate the importance of using group work and extrinsic motivation in middle school math classes to broaden interest; peer classroom behavior was often a detractor of math interest.     

超声波提取胡椒中有效成分条件优化

试验研究温度、时间、超声波频率对超声波-食用乙醇提取胡椒有效成分的影响,以胡椒粗提取物的提取率为指标,正交实验确定较适宜提取条件为,温度55℃、时间55 min,超声波频率60 KHz,胡椒粗提取物的提取率为4.29%.     

国债收益率协整关系研究

通过对中国国债收益率与央票利率、基准利率和CPI的协整关系研究,揭示出我国国债市场的收益率走势与各宏观经济变量之间的互动关系。研究结果表明:在不施加任何约束的条件下,我国国债市场的风险长期来看是可以规避的,而国债与央票之间具有互动关系,二者的利率风险具有一定的互补性。     

对耕地利用率影响因素及影响效应的统计分析

耕地承包农户的户主年龄、家庭非农收入、土地转让行为选择、农户择业意愿、耕地条件与环境等因素与耕地利用率之间存在显著相关。对此，政府首先必须加强对农民的重农教育，增强农民珍爱耕地的自觉性；其次，应创新耕地管理制度，引导土地合理流转；其三，推进农村土地流转规范，提升耕地资产价值效能；其四，加大支农惠农政策力度，提高农业比较收益；其五，扩大对农村投入，改善农村农业基础设施建设。     

利益分析视角下的公路班线客运集约化发展研究

公路班线客运集约化改革的难点在于利益关系的协调。在广泛调研和深入访谈的基础上，结合班线客运发展历程及现状，从利益分析的视角剖析了政府、企业、个体之间的利益诉求、利益冲突及利益博弈的内在机理，指出挂靠关系下企业与个体之间的利益争夺是集约化发展难以推进的根源。研究提出以当前利益分配格局为均衡点的“实收配股”集约化发展改革方案，同时强调政府应转变职能定位、完善相关政策，防止形成市场封锁或垄断。