混合治理：缘起、维度创新与内涵延伸

随着技术进步推动的组织变革与经济全球化的深度演化，具有混合特征的新兴组织形态引发了一系列更为复杂的管理问题，包括产权治理、管理控制、激励机制等，并挑战着传统的管理思维和方法。近三四十年来，混合型组织及其治理问题逐步受到国际学术界的广泛关注，并取得了若干重要的研究进展。但中国国内学术界对这一领域的研究进展仍未得到足够的关注，在系统梳理混合治理相关研究文献的基础上，对混合治理的理论渊源、发展逻辑及重要结论进行了深入的总结和分析，以期推动这一研究在中国的开展和应用。     

Intersection Bounds: Estimation and Inference

We develop a practical and novel method for inference on intersection bounds, namely bounds defined by either the infimum or supremum of a parametric or nonparametric function, or, equivalently, the value of a linear programming problem with a potentially infinite constraint set. We show that many bounds characterizations in econometrics, for instance bounds on parameters under conditional moment inequalities, can be formulated as intersection bounds. Our approach is especially convenient for models comprised of a continuum of inequalities that are separable in parameters, and also applies to models with inequalities that are nonseparable in parameters. Since analog estimators for intersection bounds can be severely biased in finite samples, routinely underestimating the size of the identified set, we also offer a median‐bias‐corrected estimator of such bounds as a by‐product of our inferential procedures. We develop theory for large sample inference based on the strong approximation of a sequence of series or kernel‐based empirical processes by a sequence of “penultimate” Gaussian processes. These penultimate processes are generally not weakly convergent, and thus are non‐Donsker. Our theoretical results establish that we can nonetheless perform asymptotically valid inference based on these processes. Our construction also provides new adaptive inequality/moment selection methods. We provide conditions for the use of nonparametric kernel and series estimators, including a novel result that establishes strong approximation for any general series estimator admitting linearization, which may be of independent interest.     

所有制分割、行业选择与工资差异

为揭示中国劳动力市场所有制分割引起的工资差异,基于二元选择Logit模型和Mincer方程,构建二元选择Logit-非歧视分解模型,将国有部门与非国有部门之间的工资差异分解为行业间可解释、行业间不可解释、行业内可解释、行业内不可解释1(超额回报)和行业内不可解释2(不足回报)5个部分。以2002年中国家庭收入调查微观数据为研究对象,对在国有部门和非国有部门就业的中国城镇居民行业选择行为、工资决定机制、工资差异构成等进行定量研究。实证结果表明,国有部门与非国有部门劳动力特征显著不同,导致其行业选择行为存在较大差异;国有部门与非国有部门工资决定机制显著不同,导致其工资水平存在较大差距,劳动力特征差异可以解释其中的60.10%,仍有39.90%不可解释部分形成国有部门非正常的工资溢价。     

Group testing with test error as a function of concentration

A common assumption in group testing applications is that there is no test error, i.e., misclassification of a single item or a group of items cannot occur. Graff and Roeloffs ( 1972 ) have proposed a procedure applicable when there is a known probability of misclassification. We generalize their results to the situation where the probability of misclassification depends on the proportion of defective items in the group.     

现有土地制度下增加农民财产性收入的挑战与路径

目前在我国农民的四大收入来源中,财产性收入的比重较小,土地是农民最重要的资产,让农民通过土地财产权利获得财产性收入,进而增加农民的总体收入是当务之急。我国农民的土地财产权利包括承包经营权、宅基地用益物权、集体资产股份占有权。在农民利用各种财产权利增加财产性收入时会面临一些挑战：我国农村地区出现分化,分化为城中村、城市郊区村、远离城市的农村地区;土地集体所有权的虚化与委托代理问题;土地要素自由流动的限制。目前我国的土地制度是一种保守的制度安排,有利于维护社会稳定,避免了贫民窟的出现,但不利于要素的自由流动和资源优化配置。要探索出一种有利于增加农民财产性收入,有利于农民转为市民的合理的土地制度。把增加农民财产性收入与发展现代农业、城镇化结合起来。     

中医药产业安全的思考

中国医药学是中华民族的文化瑰宝,应当努力发掘、整理、提高。然而,当今的中医药产业却面临着发展困局。通过分析影响中医药产业生存和产业发展的根本要素,针对存在的问题,提出以下几点措施:努力提高中医药产业的市场集中度,保障中医药从业人员的供给,建立合理的人才使用和管理机制,提升中医药产业的核心竞争力和大力弘扬中国传统文化,从而使得中医药产业安全得到有效保障和提升。     

《（婚姻法〉司法解释（三）》房产归属论

尽管《（婚姻法〉司法解释三》对夫妻离婚时财产归属做了明确、详尽的规定,但依然在房产归属问题上存在可能引发的问题：婚后一方父母赠与房产的规定问题;婚前一方个人按揭买房的房产归属问题。因此,在分割房产时遵循公平原则,通过加强对弱势一方的财产救助和加重对过错方的财产处罚完善《（婚姻法〉司法解释（三）》。     

试论清水江流域的民间地汉转移——基于文书的考察

清至民国时期清水江民间地权转移方式有断卖、典卖、抵押、分家、拨换、赠送和租赁等。其中,断卖、拨换和赠送使地权永远发生转移,分家使地权重组;典卖、抵押和租赁暂时转移地权,若期满后土地变成断卖,地权则实现永久转移;地权转移契约款式和程序基本稳定,成为当地的习惯法;地权转移方式具有灵活性和可操作性,有效地促进了土地的流动,有利于地方经济社会的发展。     

人工智能生成内容的定性及其权属论断

人工智能技术发展水平的认知差异、著作权法中作品概念内涵的不同理解，致使人工智能生成内容属性的多元论断。尽管人工智能生成内容在形式上较易落入文学、艺术和科学范畴，并且可通过有形形式复制，但是，依循康德与马克思的哲学观点，人工智能并非具有自在目的的理性之人，只能作为人的劳动改造对象以客体形式存在，不能像人一样具有思想与情感。人工智能生成内容并不符合作品的独创性标准，在法教义学上不能归为作品。不过，为了文化市场中的多重价值之实现，符合独创性“客观标准”的人工智能生成内容有必要被拟制为作品。既有人工智能生成内容权属的观点多属于规范层面的逻辑证立，有僭越著作权法之嫌。在确保著作权法“话语权”的前提下，应将“署名者”认定为人工智能生成内容的权属者，以确保利益平衡。     

Does market competition facilitate resident-centred care among nursing homes? A comparative analysis

This study examines the impact of market competition on resident-centred care in nursing homes, through a comparative analysis of non-profit and for-profit settings. The study was carried out in South Korea, where the nursing care market has recently expanded dramatically. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire, mailed to 1000 random participants nationwide. The findings are drawn from 239 nursing homes that completed the survey and indicate that perceived competition is positively associated with resident-centred care in non-profit settings, but not in for-profit settings. The study presents implications for practice and future research.